passage 1
the operation of international airlines international airlines have rediscovered the business traveler, the man or woman who regularly jets from country to country as part of the job. this does not necessarily mean that airlines ever abandoned their business travelers. instead, companies like lufthansa and swissair would right argue that they have always catered best for the executive class passengers. but many airlines could be accused of concentrating too heavily in the recent past on attracting passengers by volume, often at the expense of the regular traveler. too often, they have seemed geared for quantity rather than quality.
operating a major airline is essentially a matter of finding the right mix of passengers. the airlines need to fill up the back of their wide-bodied jets with low fare passengers, without forgetting that the front end should be filled with people who pay substantially more for their tickets.
it is no coincidence that the two major airline bankruptcies were among the companies specializing in cheap flights. but low fares require consistently full aircraft to make flights economically viable, and in the recent recession the volume of traffic has not grown. equally the large number of airlines jostling for the available passengers has created a huge excess of capacity. the net result of excess capacity and cut-throat competition driving down fares had been to push some airlines into collapse and leave many others hovering on the brink.
against this grim background, it is no surprise that airlines are turning increasingly towards the business travelers to improve their rates of return. they have invested much time and effort to establish exactly what the executive demands for sitting apart from the tourists.
high on the list of priorities is punctuality; an executive’s time is money. in-flight service is another area where the airlines are jostling for the executive’s attention. the free drinks and headsets and better food are all part of the lure.
another development has been the accent of seating arrangements. regular travelers have BECome well versed in the debate about seat pitch the amount of room between each passenger. and first-class passengers are now offered sleeperettes, which, for long journeys, make it possible to snatch a proper night’s sleep. sleeperettes have proved so popular that they will soon become universal in the front end of most aircraft.
the airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground. executive lounges are commonplace and intended to make the inevitable waiting between flights a little more bearable. luggage handling is being improved. reGREttably, there is little the airlines can do to speed up the boring immigration and customs process, which manages to upset and frustrate passengers of all classes in every continent.
although it is the airlines’ intention to attract executive passengers from their rivals, the airlines themselves would nonetheless like to change one bad habit of this kind of traveler the expensive habit of booking a flight and then failing to turn up. the practice is particularly widespread in europe, where businessmen frequently book return journeys home one on several flights.
1. according to the passage, in operating airlines it is essential to ___.
a. keep in mind the need of the executives only.
b. satisfy the need of the low fare passengers at the expense of the executives
c. try to attract as many passengers as possible by reducing fares
d. cater to the need of passengers sitting at both ends of jets.
2. the following are all mentioned as reasons why airlines are having a hard time except that ___.
a. the tourist industry is experiencing an all-time low
b. there is no increase in the number of passengers
c. there are more seats on the planes than needed
d. the competition between airlines is strong
3. the improvements the airlines attempt at include all the following except ___.
a. making their seats more comfortable
b. providing better food during flights
c. showing more movies during the long flights
d. offering sleeperettes to first-class passengers
4. there is not much the airlines can do when it comes to ___.
a. making sure the departure are not delayed
b. the efficient handling of luggage
c. speeding up customs procedure
d. the improvement of the condition of waiting lounges
5. which of the following is a bad habit of the executive passengers that frustrates the airlines?
a. they do not book their seats in advance
b. they do not sit on the seats they are supposed to take
c. they do not travel on the flight they have booked
d. they do not pay in advance for the seats they book.
答案与解析：
1．文章标题分析：the operation （经营）of international （国际的）airlines（航空公司）
2．直接解题：
1. according to (根据)the passage, in operating airlines it is essential （重要的，本质的）to ___.
a. keep in mind (记住)the need of the executives (行政主管)only.
b. satisfy(满足) the need of the low fare(费用) passengers at the expense of （在损害..的情况下）the executives
c. try to attract(吸引) as many passengers as possible (尽可能...的)by reducing fares
d cater to (满足)the need of passengers sitting at both ends of jets(飞机).
答案：d.
分析: 借助常识可以直接排除a(只记住行政主管的需要)和b(在损害行政主管利益的情况下满足低票价乘客的需要), 利用题干中出现的修饰词essential作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：（第2段）operating a major（较大的；主要的） airline is essentially （本质上， essential的副词形式）a matter （事情，问题）of finding the right mix （组合）of passengers. 该句说“经营以家较大的航空公司从本质上说就是找到合适的乘客组合的问题” 。接下来的句子说“ the airlines need to fill up （填满）the back of their wide-bodied （宽机身的）jets with low fare passengers, without forgetting（忘记） that the front end should be filled with （装满了..）people who pay substantially (充分地) more for their tickets（航空公司应该在机身宽的飞机的尾部装满购买低价票的乘客,同时别忘了让支付了更高票价的乘客坐在飞机的前端）”. 该句暗示要满足各种乘客的需要.
2. the following are all mentioned as reasons why airlines are having a hard time(have a hard time: 遇到了困难) except that ___.
a. the tourist industry （旅游业）is experiencing （经历）an all-time （空前的）low低谷
b. there is no increase （增加）in the number of passengers
c. there are more seats on the planes than needed
d the competition （竞争）between airlines is strong（激烈的）
答案：a。
分析: 利用问题句中反映细节信息的短语结构have a hard time作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：
（第3段）but low fares require （要求）consistently（一直） full aircraft to make flights economically （经济地）viable（可行的）, and in the recent recession（萧条） （与have a hard time呼应）the volume（量） of traffic（交通） has not grown.该句说“在最近的萧条期间，载客量没有增加” ，因此判断“乘客量没有增加”是造成航空空司经营困难的一个原因。
equally the large number of airlines jostling for（为..而竞争） the available （可得到的）passengers has created a huge excess(过剩) of capacity(容量).
该句说“航空公司对乘客的争抢造成了大量容量的过剩”。
the net（最终的） result of excess capacity （运载量过剩）and cut-throat（激烈的） competition driving down （压低）fares had been to push（逼迫） some airlines into collapse （倒闭）and leave many others hovering（盘旋） on the brink（在边缘上）. 该句说“运载量的过剩和降低票价的残酷竞争逼迫一些航空公司倒闭了，而使其他更多的航空公司盘旋在濒临倒闭的边缘”，该句与c 和d 都呼应，只有a没有提到，因此a 是答案。
3. the improvements（改进） the airlines attempt at （努力（取得））include all the following except ___.
a. making their seats more comfortable
b. providing better food during flights
c. showing more movies during the long flights
d. offering sleeperettes（可卧座位） to first-class passengers
答案：c．
分析：利用问题句中的核心词（improvements）作为答案线索，因为被选项涉及到具体细节信息，所以还可以利用被选项中的细节信息词作为答案线索（a: more comfortable seats; b: better food; c: more movies; d: sleeperettes）, 这样在文章中找到答案相关句：
（第5段）high on the list of priorities is punctuality; an executive’s time is money. in-flight service is another area where the airlines are jostling for the executive’s attention. the free（免费的） drinks and headsets（耳机） and better food are all part of the lure（吸引（手段））.
该下一句的内容（another development）提示了“提供免费的饮料， 耳机和更好的食物是航空公司作出的一些改进工作”
（第6段）another development has been the accent（重视） of seating arrangements. regular travelers have become well versed in the debate about seat pitch the amount of room between each passenger. and first-class passengers are now offered（提供） sleeperettes, which, for long journeys, make it possible to snatch（获得） a proper （适当的, 正确的） night’s sleep
该段段首句说“另一个改进在于对座位安排的重视”， 该句暗示前面所提到的“提供更好的食物”也是航空公司工作改进的一部份内容， 因此排除b。该段后面部分的划线句说“航空公司给头等舱的乘客提供可卧座位，可卧座位很受欢迎”， 因此判断“可卧座位”和“使作为舒适”也是航空公司工作改进的内容， 因此排除a和d. 接下来的段落在内容上涉及到“地面服务（（第7段段首句）the airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground）”， 所以答案相关句就应该出自第5段和第6段，这两个段落中唯有“电影”这方面的信息没有提到，所以c 是答案。
4. there is not much the airlines can do when it comes to（当涉及到...） ___.
a. making sure (确保) the departure (出发,离开)are not delayed(延迟, 延期)
b. the efficient (有效的)handling (处理)of luggage(行李)
c. speeding up (加速)customs procedure(通关手续)
d. the improvement of the condition(条件) of waiting lounges(休息室)
答案：c．
分析：问题问“在...方面航空公司无法做更多的工作?”这个问题涉及到的内容恰巧和上一问题涉及到的内容形成对比,因此判断该问题的答案相关据应该顺着上一题的答案位置查找, 同时利用被选项中涉及到的具体细节信息结构座位答案线索(a: departure; b: handling of luggage; c: customs procedure; d: waiting lounges) , 这样在文章中找到答案相关句：
（第7段）the airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground. executive lounges （执行休息室）are commonplace（平常的） and intended to （致力于...）make the inevitable （不可避免的）waiting between flights a little more bearable（可以忍受的）. luggage handling is being improved. regrettably(遗憾地), there is little the airlines can do to speed up the boring(令人厌烦的) immigration(移民入境) and customs （通关）process, which manages to upset(使心烦) and frustrate(使沮丧) passengers of all classes in every continent.
该段中提到“作为改进内容之一的乘客休息室已经是随处可见，行李业务也得到了改进，但是各个航空公司还是几乎无法做到加速移民入境和通关”， 因此判断c 是答案。
5. which of the following is a bad habit of the executive passengers that frustrates（使沮丧） the airlines?
a they do not book （预定）their seats in advance（提前）
b. they do not sit on the seats they are supposed to take（be supposed to ../应该）
c. they do not travel on the flight they have booked
d. they do not pay in advance for the seats they book.
答案：c．
分析：问题句中出现了反映细节信息的结构“a bad habit of the executive passengers”， 利用这个结构作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：
（最后一段）although it is the airlines’ intention to attract executive passengers from their rivals, the airlines themselves would nonetheless（虽然如此） like to change one bad habit of this kind of traveler the expensive（代价很高的） habit of booking（预定） a flight（航班） and then failing to（没有） turn up(出现，卷起).
该段中的答案相关据明确地说明了乘客的坏习惯：预定了航班却不乘坐。 所以c（他们不乘坐已经预定好的航班）是答案。passage
passege2
single-parent kids do best
single mums are better at raising their kids than two parents at least in the bird world. mother zebra finches have to work harder and raise fewer chicks on their own, but they also produce more attractive sons who are more likely to get a mate.
the findings shows that family conflict is as important an evolutionary driving force as ecological factors such as hunting and food supply. with two parents around, there’s always a conflict of interests, which can have a detrimental effect on the quality of the offspring.
in evolutionary terms, the best strategy for any parent in the animal world is to find someone else to care for their offspring, so they can concentrate on breeding again. so it’s normal for parents to try to pass the buck to each other. but ian hartley from the university of lancaster and his team wondered how family solve this conflict, and how the conflict itself affects the offspring.
to find out, they measured how much effort zebra finch parents put into raising their babies. they compared single females with pairs, by monitoring the amount of food each parent collected, and removing or adding chicks so that each pair of birds was raising four chicks, and each mum had two supposedly the same amount of work.
but single mums, they found, put in about 25 percent more effort than females rearing with their mate. to avoid being exploited, mothers with a partner hold back from working too hard if their father is being lazy, and it’s the chicks that pay the price. “the offspring suffer some of the cost their conflict,” says hartley.
the cost does not show in any obvious decease in size or weight, but in how attractive they are to the opposite sex. when the chicks were mature, the researchers tested the “fitness”of the male offspring by offering females their choice of partner. those males reared by single mums were chosen more often than those from two-parent families.
sexual conflict has long been thought to affect the quality of care given to offspring, says zoologist rebecca kilner at cambridge university, who works on conflict of parents in birds. “but the experimental evidence is not great. the breakthrough here is showing it empirically.”
more surprising, says kilner, is hartley’s statement that conflict may be a strong influence on the evolution of behavior, clutch size and even appearance. “people have not really made that link, ”says hartley. a female’s reproductive strategy is usually thought to be affected by hunting and food supply. kilner says conflict of parents should now be taken into account as well.
1. with which of the following statements would the author probably agree?
a. single mums produce stronger sons
b. single mums do not produce daughters
c. two-parent families produce less attractive children
d. two-parent families produce more beautiful offspring
2. according to the passage, in what way does family conflict affect the quality of the offspring?
a. the young males get less care
b. the young females will decrease in weight
c. the offspring will become lazy fathers or mothers in the future
d. the offspring will not get mature easily
3. what is the relationship between paragraph 4 and paragraph 5?
a. cause and effect
b. experiment and result
c. problem and solution
d. topic and comment
4. according to hartley, which of the following not influenced by sexual conflict?
a. the evolution of the offspring’s behavior
b. the look of the offspring’s faces
c. the number of eggs produced by one offspring at a time
d. the offspring’s body size
5. according to the passage, people believe that a female’s reproductive strategy is influenced by
a. an evolutionary driving force
b. a conflict of interests
c. ecological factors
d. the quality of the offspring
答案及解析：
1． 文章标题分析：
single-parent（单亲） kids do best
2. 直接解题
1. with which of the following statements would the author probably（可能）agree?
a. single mums produce（培育） stronger sons
b. single mums do not produce daughters
c. two-parent families produce less attractive children
d two-parent families produce more beautiful offspring（后代）
答案: ｃ。
分析：问题问“作者可能会同意下列哪种说法？”注意到有３个被选项中都出现了比较级结构，因此推测答案可能出自它们之中， 同时注意关注文章中出现比较级结构的句子，这样找到答案相关句：（第一段）single mums are better at raising（抚育） their kids than two parents at least in the bird world. 该句说“单亲母亲比双亲能更好地抚育孩子”， 该句与被选项无关，所以接着看后面的句子： mother zebra finches（斑胸草雀） have to work harder and raise fewer chicks （刚出生的小鸟）on their own（独自地）, but they also produce more attractive sons who are more likely to get a mate.该划线部分的结构说“它们（母斑胸草雀）能培育出更具有吸引力的雄性后代，而这些后代更可能找到配偶。”，根据该句内容判断c（由双亲家庭培育出的孩子具有的吸引力较小些）
2． according to (根据)the passage, in what way does family conflict （冲突）affect （影响）the quality of the offspring 后代?
a. the young males get less care（关心）
b. the young females will decrease（减少） in weight（重量）
c. the offspring will become lazy （懒惰的）fathers or mothers in the future（在未来）
d. the offspring will not get mature （成熟的）easily
答案: a。
分析：利用问题句中反映细节信息的结构family conflict和the quality of the offspring 作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：
(第2段) the findings shows that family conflict is as important an evolutionary driving force as ecological factors such as hunting and food supply. with two parents around, there’s always a conflict of interests（与family conflict呼应）, which can have a detrimental（有害的） effect on the quality of the offspring. 该划线句说“父母在身边就总会有利益的冲突，而这会给后代的质量产生坏的影响”，借助该句内容不能进行答案的判断，所以借助看后面的句子：
in evolutionary （进化的）terms, the best strategy （策略）for any parent in the animal world is to find someone else （其他人）to care for （照料）their offspring, so they can concentrate on （关注/专心）breeding（繁殖） again. so it’s normal （通常的）for parents to try to pass the buck to (把责任推卸给..)each other（彼此）. but ian hartley from the university of lancaster and his team wondered （想知道）how family solve this conflict, and how the conflict itself affects the offspring.
to find out, they measured how much effort zebra finch parents put into raising their babies. they compared single females with pairs, by monitoring the amount of food each parent collected, and removing or adding chicks so that each pair of birds was raising four chicks, and each mum had two supposedly the same amount of work.
（第5段）but single mums, they found, put in about 25 percent more effort than females rearing with their mate. to avoid being exploited（剥削）, mothers with a partner hold back from （不愿...）working too hard if their father is being lazy, and it’s the chicks that pay the price. “the offspring suffer（遭受到） some of the cost of their conflict,” says hartley.划线句说“后代们为它们父母的冲突付出了一些代价”， 划线句的前句也提到了付出代价，该句说“如果父亲们懒惰，为了避免受到剥削，母亲们不愿努力工作， 而正是它们的后代们为此而付出代价”， 如果父母都不努力工作（鸟类努力工作的目的就是照顾小鸟），那么孩子们受到的关怀就会少了，因此判断a 是答案。
3 what is the relationship between paragraph 4 and paragraph 5?
a． cause and effect
b. experiment（实验） and result
c. problem and solution
d. topic（话题） and comment（评论）
答案: b．
分析：问题问及第4段和第5段之间的逻辑关系。注意关注段落特殊位置处的句子
（第4段）to find out, they measured （测度）how much effort （精力）zebra finch parents put （投入）into raising（抚养） their babies. they compared（比较） single females with pairs, by monitoring the amount of food each parent collected, and removing or adding chicks so that each pair of birds was raising four chicks, and each mum had two supposedly the same amount of work.该段段首句说“为了弄清楚这这个问题，他们测量了斑胸草雀仔抚养孩子上投入了多少精力”，而接下来的一句说“他们把单亲母亲和父母双亲进行比较，...”这是在具体描述实验进行的内容。
（第5段）but single mums, they found, put in（投入） about 25 percent more effort than females rearing（抚养） with their mate（配偶）. to avoid being exploited, mothers with a partner hold back from working too hard if their father is being lazy, and it’s the chicks that pay the price. “the offspring suffer some of the cost of their conflict,” says hartley.该段段首句说“但是他们发现单亲母亲在抚育孩子上投入的精力比有配偶的母亲投入的精力多25%” ，这是研究者们的研究发现，而该段最后一句也是这些研究者特出的结论：后代为它们父母的冲突付出了一些代价， 因此判断这两个段落之间的关系是“实验和结论”之间的关系。
4 according to hartley, which of the following not influenced by sexual(性别的) conflict?
a. the evolution(演变) of the offspring’s behavior
b. the look(样子) of the offspring’s faces
c. the number of eggs produced by one offspring at a time(每次)
d the offspring’s body size(体型)
答案: d。
分析: 问题内容仍然涉及到冲突，顺着上一题的答案位置往下找，注意到被选项涉及到具体的细节内容，利用被选项中的细节短语结构作为答案线索（a: behavior; b: face; c: eggs; d: body size）
“the offspring suffer some of the cost their conflict,” says hartley.
（第6段）the cost does not show in any obvious（明显的） decease in size or weight, but in how attractive （有吸引力的）they are to the opposite sex（异型）.该句说“（冲突所带来的）代价不是表现在体型或体重上出现明显的减少，而是表现在它们对异性吸引力” ... 因此判断d（后代的体型）是答案。其实文章最后一段中直接涉及到前3个选项：
(最后一段)more surprising, says kilner, is hartley’s statement that conflict may be a strong influence on the evolution of behavior, clutch size (窝卵数)and even appearance. 该句说“hartley得出的结论更另人惊讶：他说冲突可能会对行为的进化，窝卵数， 甚至外表产生强大的影响”， 因此判断a，b，c 都不是答案。
5 according to the passage, people believe that a female’s reproductive（繁殖的） strategy（策略） is influenced by
a. an evolutionary （进化的）driving force
b. a conflict of interests
c. ecological（生态的） factors
d the quality of the offspring
答案: c．
分析：利用问题句中的细节信息结构reproductive strategy 作为答案线索，这样在文章中找到答案相关句：（最后一段）a female’s reproductive strategy is usually thought to be affected by hunting and food supply. kilner says conflict of parents should now be taken into account （把...考虑在内）as well（也）.这两个句子说“雌性的生殖策略杯通常认为是受到打猎和食物供给的影响，kilner说‘来自父母的冲突也应该被考虑在内’ ”。 文章第2段中提到“the findings shows that family conflict is as important an evolutionary（进化的） driving force as ecological（生态的） factors such as hunting and food supply.”（这些研究表明家庭冲突与诸如打猎和食物供给这些生态因素一样是重要的进化推动力。）该句表明hunting and food supply是ecological factors因此判断c是答案。
难度b/c级
feast on turkey and good wishes at thanksgiving
four weeks ago us children dressed as monsters and asked for sweets．that was
halloween．‘in a few weeks american houses will be red and green and filled with presents．for christmas．
as if all this isn’t enough，on thursday this week，america will enjoy another festival—thanksgiving．
children will have two days off school，shops will close and houses will be filled with families enjoying mountains of food．
every year, in gainesville，florida，all entire class celebrate thanksgiving together．the class dresses up and puts on plays for their families．after the plays the families share a feast of traditional thanksgiving foods like turkey and pumpkin pie．
dean foster, an 1 1-year-old boy will take part in this celebration．he said：‘i love thanksgiving because it means time off school，lots of nice food and a happy family．’’
his brother ben，nine，said：‘the best thing about thanksgiving，is that when it is finished，it is time to start christmas．’
but behind the food and the large amount of money spent there is another message．on thursday evening，dean and ben’s family will make a basket and put it on the table as they eat their evening meal．
each of them will write a 1ist of things that they are thankful for and place the paper in the basket．the family will read the pieces of paper and take time to thank god and each other for providing them with comfortable and happy lives．
thanksgiving is a traditional festival that started in 1621，when the first pilgrims arrived in the us to start a new life．after a hard year, they had a big autumn harvest．they held a feast and invited the native american indians along to thank god for giving them enough food．
many countries celebrate thanksgiving．they often fall after the fields have been harvested and the crops collected for winter．
词汇：
turkey n．火鸡
pumpkin n．南瓜
pilgrim n．朝圣者
1．thanksgiving：感恩节(11月的第四个星期四)
2．halloween ：10月3 1日之夜(据传此时可见到鬼)
3．christmas：圣诞节(12月25日)
1. on halloween, children in the united states often dress up as
a)ghosts
b)players．
c)pilgrims．
d)visitors．
2．when are turkey and pumpkin pie eaten?
a)on halloween．
b)on thursday．
c)on thanksgiving．
d)on christmas day．
3．thanksgiving is the time for the american people to thank god for
a)looking after them．
b)providing them with comfortable and happy lives?
c)clothing them．
d)protecting them
4．many children in the united states like thanksgiving because
a)they can stay with their parents at home and eat a lot of nice food?
b)they can dress up like monsters．
c)they can put on plays．
d)they can visit american indians．
5．the first pilgrims settled in the united states in
a)1621．
b)1620．
c)1622．
d)1619．
答案与解析：
1．文章标题分析：feast（宴会） on turkey（火鸡）and good wishes（祝福） at thanksgiving（感恩节）
文章主题关于西方的感恩节
2． 直接解题：
1. on halloween（万圣节）, children in the united states often dress up （化装）化as
a)ghosts（鬼）
b)players（演员， 选手）．
c)pilgrims（朝圣者，旅客）．
d)visitors（观光者）．
答案：a 该题问：在万圣节，美国儿童常常打扮成什么样子? 首先利用问题中的特征词halloween作为答案线索，这样很快在文章中找到涉及到答案相关句： four weeks ago us children dressed as monsters （怪物）and asked for sweets．这句话中出现了与问题句中的核心结构children in the united states呼应的结构，因此判断这个句子需要认真看， 这个句子说“四周前，美国儿童打扮成怪物，四处要糖吃。”，接下来的句子是： that was halloween．that指代four weeks ago， 结合这两个句子内容推出， 在万圣节孩子们会装扮成怪物， 因为 “鬼”（ghosts）跟“怪物”（monsters）比较接近，a正确。
2．when are turkey（火鸡） and pumpkin pie （南瓜饼）eaten?
a)on halloween（万圣节前夕）．
b)on thursday．
c)on thanksgiving．
d)on christmas day（圣诞节）．
答案：c. 该题问：火鸡和南瓜饼是什么时候吃的?利用提干中的新信息词turkey 和pumpkin 作为答案线索，这样在第4段的最后一个句子中找到答案相关句：after the plays（演出） the families share（分享）传统的感恩节食物 a feast（宴会） of traditional thanksgiving foods like turkey and pumpkin pie. (演出过后这些家庭将分享传统的感恩节食物，如火鸡和南瓜馅饼) ，因此判断c（感恩节）是答案。
3．thanksgiving is the time for the american people to thank god for
a)looking after（照顾） them．
b)providing （提供）them with comfortable（舒适的） and happy （快乐的）lives（生活）
c)clothing （给…衣服， 给…穿衣）them．
d)protecting（保护） them
答案：b；该题问：感恩节是美国人因为什么而感谢上帝的日子? 这个句子中的新信息是“感谢上帝”， 所以利用“thank god”作为答案线索，这样在文章的倒数第三段中找到答案相关句：the family will read the pieces of paper and take time （花时间）to thank god and each other（彼此） for providing them with comfortable and happy lives （感谢上帝为他们提供了舒适、幸福生活的日子），因此判断b是答案。
4．many children in the united states like（喜欢） thanksgiving because（因为）
a)they can stay（呆） with their parents at home （在家里）and eat a lot of nice（好吃的） food
b)they can dress up like monsters（怪物）．
c)they can put on （上演) plays（演出）．
d)they can visit（访问） american indians．
答案：a．该题问：许多美国儿童喜欢感恩节的原因是什么? 利用问题句中的核心结构“like thanksgiving”作为答案线索，这样在第5段中找到答案相关句：dean foster, an 1 1-year-old boy will take part in （参加）this celebration（庆祝会）．he said：‘i love thanksgiving because it means time off（离开） school，lots of nice food and a happy family．”（喜欢感恩节是因为它以为着学校放假，有很多好吃的食物， 而且能和家人在一起享受快乐）， 选项a（他们可以呆在家里，跟父母在一起，并且会吃到很多好吃的东西）与该句内容一致，答案是a。
5．the first pilgrims(朝圣者) settled (定居)in the united states in
a)1621．
b)1620．
c)1622．
d)1619．
答案：a 该题问：第一批朝圣者是什么时候到美国来定居的? 被选项都是年代，所以直接注意文章中表示年代的数字，这样栽倒数第二段的第1个句子中找到答案相关句：thanksgiving is a traditional festival that started in 1621，when the first pilgrims arrived in the us to start a new life．该题考查考生对when引导的定语从句的理解。该句说“感恩节是源于1621年的美国传统节日，在这一年第一批朝圣者抵达美国开始新的生活。”因此答案是a。