前 言
《全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲》是专业技术人员参加全国专业技术人员职称外语等级统一考试复习的重要资料。根据近年来英语考试情，我们组织专家对该大纲进行了审定，该大纲继续遵循“严格要求、实事求是、区别对待、逐步提高”的原则，删减了部分篇幅，对词汇做了部分调整，其专业类别和等级划分不变，即：综合、理工、卫重3个专业类别和A、B、C3个等级。专业技术人员可根据自己所从事的专业和需求，申报相应类别和级别的考试。
参加考试大纲编写的专家为：刘润清、韩宝成、高秋薄、白勇、朱莉莉、李建华、柳淑华、卢志鸿、沙丽金、崔刚等同志。主持考试大纲修改的专家为：刘润清、韩宝成同志。参加考试大纲审定的专家为：方立、戴炜华、张彦斌、邱陶生、曹精华等同志。值此，我们向参加大纲编写、审定的专家及有关人员表感谢。
人事部专业技术人员管理司
2007年11月
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲
一、概述
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由国家人事部组织实施的一项国家级外语考试。本考试遵循“严格要求、实事求是、区别对待、逐步提高”的原则，根据英语在不同专业领域活动中的应用特点，结合专业技术人员掌握和使用英语的实际情况，对申报不同级别专业技术职务的人员的英语水平提出了不同的要求。全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试于每年4月份举行。A、B、C三个等级考试的总分各为l00分，考试时间均为2小时。
二、评价目标
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试重点考查应试者的阅读理解能力。考试总的评价目标是：申报A级的人员在2小时内应完成3000词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报B级的人员在2小时内应完成2600词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报C级的人员在2小时内应完成2200词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容。
为达到上述目标，考试对应试者的英语汇量、语法知识和阅读理解能力分别提出如下要求：
(一)词汇量
考试所涉及的词汇和短语主要依据本大纲所附词汇表。对申报不同级别的应试者
要求认知的词汇量不等：
1. 申报A级的人员应认知6000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语；
2. 申报B级的人员应认知5000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语；
3. 申报C级的人员应认知4000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语。
(二)语法知识
考试不直接对应试者所掌握的语法知识进行考查，但应试者必须掌握基本的语法
知识，主要包括：
1. 英语句子的基本语序及其意义；
2. 英语句子的结构和常用句型；
3. 各种时、体的形式及其意义；
4. 各种从句的构成及其意义；
5. 句子中词语的所指、省略、替代、重复，以及句子之间的意义关系等。
(三)阅读理解能力
应试者应能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能来理解专业的或一般内容的英语书
面材料。阅读能力主要包括以下几个方面：
1. 掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；
2. 了解阐述主旨的事实和细节；
3. 利用上下文猜测某些词汇和短语的意义；
4. 既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文之间的意义关系；
5. 根据所读材料进行判断和推论；
6. 领会作者的观点、意图和态度。
三、考试内容与试卷结构
A、B、C三个等级的考试各由6个部分组成，每个级别的考试题型一样、题量相同，但不同级别考试总的阅读量及难易程度不同。考试主要考查应试者理解书面英语的能力。
第l部分：词汇选项(第l～15题，每题l分，共15分)
考查应试者理解在一定语境中单词或短语意义的能力。本部分为l5个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，要求应试者从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择l个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题l分，共7分)
考查应试者识别和判断文章所提供的信息的能力。本部分为l篇300～450词的短文，短文后列出7个句子，有的句子提供的是正确信息，有的句子提供的是错误信息，有的句子的信息在短文中并未直接或间接提及。要求应试者根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题l分，共8分)
考查应试者把握文章段落大意及细节的能力。本部分为l篇300 450词的短文，有2项测试任务：(1)短文后有6个段落小标题，要求应试者根据文章的内容为其中指定的4个段落各选择一个正确的小标题；(2)短文后有4个不完整的句子，要求应试者在所提供的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子。
第4部分；阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
考查应试者对文章主旨和细节信息的理解能力。本部分为3篇文章，每篇300～450词，每篇文章后有5道题。要求应试者根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择l个最佳答案。
第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)
考查应试者把握文章结构、掌握作者思路的能力。本部分为1篇300～450词的短文，文中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，其中5组取自文章本身。要求应试者根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其放回相应位置，以恢复文章原貌。
第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题l分，共15分)
考查应试者正确把握文章内容，以及在一定语境中准确使用词语的能力。本部分
为1篇300～450词的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项，要求应试者根据
短文的内容从4个选项中选择l个最佳答案。
试卷结构及考查目的(总题量65题。满分l00分)
题 型 材料类型 答题要求 考查目的 题量 分值
第一
部分 词汇选项
(四选一) 15个句子 给出l5个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，要求应试者从所给的4个选项中选择l个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。 在一定语境下理解单词或短语的意义。 15 15
第二
部分 阅读判断
(三选一) 1篇短文
(300～450词) 给出7句话，要求应试者根据文章内容做出判断(正、误、没有直接或间接提到)。 识别和判断文章信息。 7 7
第三
部分 概括大意与完成句子
(选择搭配) 1篇短文
(300～450词) 分两部分：
1. 概括大意(6选4)；
2. 完成句子(6选4)。 抓大意、掌握细节。 8 8
第四
部分 阅读理解
(四选一) 3篇短文
(各300～450词) 每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项，要求应试者从中选择1个最佳答案。 抓主旨、掌握细节、做出判断。 15 45
第五
部分 补全短文
(选择搭配) 1篇短文
(300～450词) 短文中有5处空白，要求应试者通读短文并将移出的部分重新放回短文的相应位置(6选5)。 把握文章结构、作者思路。 5 10
第六
部分 完形填空
(四选一) 1篇短文
(300～450词) 短文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项，要求应试者从中选出1个最佳答案。 正确理解文章内容。 15 15
四、命题原则
考试命题的广度和难度根据本大纲规定的范围及对应试者能力的要求而确定。命题原则如下：
(一)合理安排测试项目的层次结构。本考试的重点是考查应试者的阅读理解能力，试卷的结构应充分考虑阅读理解能力的不同层次，测试不同层次能力的项目所占比重亦不相同。
(二)合理安排测试项目的难度结构。本考试题目的难易程度分为易、较易、较难、难四个等级，试卷中各种难易程度题目各占一定比例。试题的难易程度和能力层次是两个不同的概念，在每个能力层次的项目中，都包含难易程度不同的题目。
五、答题及计分办法
考试均采用客观性试题，要求应试者从每题所给的选项中选择一个最佳答案，或根据要求选择最佳搭配。考试中，应试者应在专门设计的答题卡上作答。应试者要特别注意：做在试卷上的答案一律无效。每题只能选择一个答案。考试计分只计算答对题的数目，答错不倒扣分。
附录一：
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试
各专业类别及各等级样题及答案
第1部分：词汇选项 (第1～15题，每题l分，共1 5分)
下面共有l5个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择l个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
l There are a limited number of books on this subject in the library.
A large B total
C small D similar
2 How do you account for your absence from the class last Thursday?
A explain B examine
C choose D expand
3 They had a far better yield than any other farm miles around this year.
A goods B soil
C climate D harvest
4 The town is famous for its magnificent church towers.
A ancient B old
C modern D splendid
5 Have you got a spare pen?
A a short B an extra
C a thin D a long
6 What were the consequences of the decision she had made?
A reasons B results
C causes D bases
7 They didn't realize how serious the problem was.
A know B forget
C doubt D remember
8 We shall keep the money in a secure place.
A clean B secret
C distant D safe
9 The great changes of the city astonished every visitor to that city.
A attacked B surprised
C attracted D interested
10 The city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in its centre.
A get rid of B set up
C repair D paint
11 Argument among the speakers at the conference is bordering on violence.
A is close to B is beside
C is next to D is alongside
12 We consume a lot more than we are able to produce.
A waste B buy
C use D sell
13 She overcame her initial shyness and really enjoyed the eveninｇ.
A coming B beginning
C happening D existing
14 The football team，for the most part，were confident of winning the match.
A mostly B partly
C only D really
15 I wonder what your aim in life is.
A attitude B symbol
C goal D action
第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题l分，共7分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判
断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信
息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
Hercules
Once upon a time there was a great Greek her0，Hercules. He was taller and stronger than anyone you have ever seen. On his shoulder he carried a club and in his hand he held a bow(弓). He was known as the hero of a hundred adventures.
Hercules served a king. The king was afraid of him. So again and again he sent him on difficult tasks. One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens(歌女). But no one knew where the garden was.
So Hercules went away. He walked the whole day and the next day and the next. He walked for months before he saw mountains far in the distance one fine morning. One of the mountains was in the shape of a man，with long，long legs and arms and huge shoulders and a huge head. He was holding up the sky. Hercules knew it was Atlas，the Mountain God：So he asked him for help.
Atlas answered，"My head and arms and shoulders all ache. Could you hold up the sky while I fetch the golden apples for you?"
Hercules climbed the mountain and shouldered the sky. Soon the sky grew very heavy. When finally Atlas came back with three golden apples，he said," Well, you are going to carry the mountain for ever. I'm going to see the king with the apples."
Hercules knew that he couldn't fight him because of the sky on his back. So he
shouted：
"Just one minute's help. My shoulders are hurting. Hold the sky for a minute
while I make a cushion(垫子)for my shoulders."
Atlas believed him. He threw down the apples and held up the sky.
Hercules picked up the apples and ran back to see the king.
16 Hercules was the tallest man in the world.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17 Hercules worked in the king's garden.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18 Hercules was given many difficult tasks because the king wanted to get rid of him.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19 Atlas was the god who held up the sky.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20 Atlas ran faster than Hercules.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21 Atlas got the golden apples for Hercules because he wanted to be the king himself.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22 Hercules finally managed to get the apples by defeating Atlas.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23—30题，每题l分，共8分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Hints for Reading Practice
1. Most of US can find l 5 minutes or half an hour each day for some regular activity.
For example，one famous surgeon always spent l 5 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at l0 P. m. or 2：30 a. m. made no difference.
2. "Speed Reading" courses teach students how to read more quickly. In such courses，teachers often ask students to find out how many words a minute they are reading. You can do this too：look at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and write down the page number you have reached.
3. Obviously，you should not increase your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading. If you find something you don't understand in the book，or you cannot clearly remember the details of what you read, why not read the chapter again?
4. Take four or five pages of an interesting book you happen to be reading now. Read these pages as fast as you can. Don't worry about whether you understand or not. If you keep doing this "lightning speed" reading for a period of time, you will usually find that your normal speed has increased.
5. Most paragraphs in an article have a topic sentence that expresses the central idea. The opening paragraph often suggests the general direction and content of the article，while paragraphs that follow expand or support the first. The closing paragraph often gives a summary of the most important points of the article.
23 Paragraph 2
24 Paragraph 3
25 Paragraph 4
26 Paragraph 5
A The organization of An Article
B What's Your Reading Speed?
C How to Increase Your Reading Speed?
D Understanding over Speed
E Read Something Every Day
F Read Extensively
27 You are advised to read something before you .
28 In "Speed Reading" courses，teachers often ask students to .
29 You can improve your reading speed if you .
30 It will help you to understand the article if you .
A find the topic sentences
B find out the new words
C keep reading fast
D go to bed every day
E keep a record of their reading speed
F look at your watch every few minutes
第4部分：阅读理解（第31—45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文
并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择l个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置
上。
第一篇
Football
Football is，I suppose，the most popular game in England：one has only to go to one of the important matches to see this. Rich and poor，young and old，one can see them all there，shouting and cheering for one side or the other.
One of the most surprising things about football in England to a stranger is the great knowledge of the game which even the smallest boy seems to have. He can tell you the names of the players in most of the important teams. He has photographs of them and knows the results of a large number of matches. He will tell you，with a great air of authority，who he expects will win such and such a match，and his opinion is usually as valuable as that of men three or four times his age.
Most schools in England take football seriously--much more seriously than nearly all European schools，where lessons are all—important(至关重要的)，and games are left for private arrangements. In England，it is believed that education is not only a matter of filling a boy's mind with facts in a classroom；education also means character training. One of the best ways of training character is by means of games，especially team games，where the boy has to learn to work with others for his team，instead of working selfishly(自私地)for himself alone. The school therefore arranges games and matches for its pupils. Football is a good team game，it is good exercise for the body，it needs skill and a quick brain，it is popular and it is cheap. As a result，it is the school's favorite game in the winter.
3l In England football is a game enjoyed
A only by young people.
B only by rich people.
C only by boys.
D by people of all ages and classes.
32 A stranger in England will be surprised to find that in that country
A people have little knowledge of football.
B girls are more interested in football than boys.
C even small boys know a lot about football.
D children are not interested in football at all.
33 There is a great difference between schools in England and those in Europe in that
A European schools take football seriously.
B European schools often arrange football matches for their pupils.
C schools in England care little about lessons.
D schools in England believe character training to be part of education.
34 According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true of the football game?
A It makes people selfish.
B It encourages cooperation.
C It is good for health.
D It is not expensive.
35 What is the author's attitude towards the football game in England?
A Critical.
B Positive.
C Negative.
D Doubtful.
第二篇
The English Weather
"Other countries have a climate：in England we have weather." This statement，often made by Englishmen to describe the strange weather conditions of their country，is both revealing and true. It is revealing because in it we see the Englishman insisting once again that what happens in England is not the same as what happens elsewhere. Its truth can be proved by any foreigner who stays in the country for longer than a few days.
In no country other than England，it has been said，can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day! Day may break as a warm spring morning an hour or so later black clouds may have appeared from nowhere and the rain may be pouring down。At midday it may be really winter with the temperature down by about eight degrees or more centigrade(摄氏度). And then，in the late afternoon the sky will clear，the sun will begin to shine，and for an hour or two before darkness falls，it will be summer.
In England one can experience almost every kind of weather except the most extreme. (Some foreigners seem to be under the impression that for ten months of the year the country is covered by a dense blanket of fog；this is not true. )The problem is that we never can be sure when the different types of weather will occur. Not only do we get several different sorts of weather in one day，but we may very well get a spell（持续的一段时间)of winter in summer and a spell of summer in winter.
The uncertainty about the weather has had a definite effect upon the Englishman's character. It tends to make him cautious(小心谨慎的)，for example. The foreigner may laugh when he sees the Englishman setting forth on a brilliantly sunny morning wearing a raincoat and carrying an umbrella，but he may well regret his laughter later in the day!
And，of course，the weather's variety provides a constant topic of conversation. Even the most taciturn(沉默寡言的)of Englishmen is always prepared to discuss the weather. And，though he sometimes complains bitterly of it，he would not，even. if he could，exchange it for the more predictable climate of other lands.
36 "other countries have a climate; in Eng1and we have weather." This statement suggests that
A other countries do not have fine weather.
B you cannot experience four seasons in a year in England.
C the weather in England often changes and is therefore unique.
D the weather in England never changes.
37 A special feature of the weather in England is that
A you can experience four seasons every day throughout the year.
B it does not have four seasons as other countries do.
C winter there is the coldest in the world.
D you may experience different types of weather in a single day.
38 What makes the Englishman cautious，according to the passage?
A The foreigner's laughter.
B The cold weather in winter.
C The uncertainty about the weather.
D The predictable climate.
39 Which of the following statements is NOT true of the weather in England?
A England is covered by heavy fog for ten months of the year.
B It tends to make the Englishman cautious.
C One cannot be sure when the different types of weather will occur.
D You may have a spell of winter in summer.
40 The word "lands" in the last sentence could best be replaced by
A "soil".
B "earth".
C "countries".
D "parts".
第三篇
Lifetime Employment in Japanese Companies
In most large Japanese companies，there is a policy of lifetime employment. What this means is that when people leave school or university to join an enterprise，they can expect to remain with that organization until they retire. In effect，the employee gets job security for lire，and can only be fired for serious mistakes in work. Even in times of business recession，he or she is free from the fear of being 1aid off.
One result of this practice is that the Japanese worker identifies closely with his company and feels strong loyalty to it. By working hard for the company，he believes he is safeguarding his Own future. It is not surprising that devotion to one's company is considered a great virtue in Japan. A man is often prepared to put his firm's interests before those of his immediate family.
The j ob security guaranteed by this system influences the way employees approach their work. They tend to think in terms of what they can achieve throughout their career. This is because they are not judged on how they are performing during a short period of time. They can afford to take a longer perspective than their Western counterparts.
This marriage between the employee and the company-the consequence of lifetime employment--may explain why Japanese workers seem positively to love the products their company is producing and why they are willing to stay on after work，for little overtime pay，to participate in earnest discussions about the quality control of their products.
41 Lifetime employment in the Japanese company means that the employee
A leaves his company only when business is bad.
B gets a job soon after he leaves school or university.
C can work there throughout his career.
D can have his serious mistakes in work corrected.
42 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A Family and company interests are equally important
B The Japanese worker is very loyal to his company
C One's future is guaranteed through hard work.
D Devotion to one's company is encouraged.
43 Lifetime employment influences one's
A achievements at work.
B performance at work.
C career options.
D attitude toward work.
44 The Japanese worker is fond of his company's products because of
A his marriage with the daughter of the president.
B the close link between him and his company.
C his willingness to work overtime.
D his active participation in quality control.
45 The passage mainly discusses
A how lifetime employment works in Japan.
B what benefits lifetime employment has brought to Japanese workers.
C what lifetime employment is.
D how lifetime employment is viewed.
第5部分：补全短文(第46----50题，每题2分，共10分)
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5
组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Home Schooling
All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at sch001. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. (46). There are about 300，000 home-schoolers in the
United States today. Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values；others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home. (47).
David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in sch001. (48). For example， when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day，it may start a discussion or reading about climate，snow removal equipment，Alaska，polar bears，and winter tourism. or a spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program. (49).
Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools，but critics say that home—schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. (50). However，most parents don't have the time or the desire to teach their children at home，So schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.
A Interestingly，results show that home—schooled children quite often do better
than average on national tests in reading and math.
B Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.
C Learning starts with the children's interests and questions.
D Children who are educated at home are known as "home—schoolers".
E In some countries，there are children who are educated by their parents at home instead of by teachers at school.
F If the Brazilian rain forests are on the TV news，it could be a perfect time to tall about how rain forests influence the climate，how deserts are formed，and how the polar ice caps affect ocean levels.
第6部分：完形填空(第51—65题，每题l分，共1 5分)
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容
从4个选项中选择l个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Customs of the World
If you travel around the world，you will be surprised to find just how different the foreign customs can be from your own.
A visitor to India would do well to remember that people there （51）it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at table. The left hand is supposed to be (52)for washing yourself. Also in India，you might (53)a man apparently shaking his head at another and assume that he is disagreeing. But in many (54) of India a shake of the head is a gesture that shows agreement or acceptance. Nodding your head when you are offered a drink in Bulgaria is likely to leave you thirsty. In that country you (55)your head to indicate "yes"—a nod indicates "no". The Arabs are (56)for their hospitality(好客). At a meal in the Arabic countries，you will find that any drinking vessel(器皿)is filled again (57)again as soon as you drain it. The way to (58) that you have had enough is to take the cup or glass in (59)hand and give it a little shake from side to side or place your hand over the top.
In Europe it is quite usual to (60)your legs when sitting talking to someone，even at an important meeting. Doing this when meeting an important person in Thailand，however，could (61)him or her unhappy. It is considered too informal an attitude (62)such an occasion. Also when in Thailand you are (63)supposed to touch the head of an adult－it's just not done. In Japan，it is quite usual for (64)to plan evening entertainment for themselves and leave their Wives at home. In Europe such attitudes are disappearing.
Customs vary from country to (65). Visitors may be at a loss as to what to do in a foreign environment. In such circumstances，the rule is：When in Rome，do as the Romans do.
51 A achieve B consider C test D help
52 A noticed B used C bought D caused
53 A hear B hope C miss D see
54 A countries B people C parts D hills
55 A nod B beat C shake D touch
56 A interested B terrible C careful D famous
57 A and B till C also D still
58 A discuss B turn C indicate D forget
59 A my B its C our D your
60 A cross B put C take D hurt
61 A pay B stop C make D point
62 A outside B below C along D for
63 A not B nor C none D no
64 A men B women C boys D girls
65 A area B place C country D space
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试
各专业类别及各等级样题答案
1 C 18 A 35 B
2 A 19 A 36 C
3 D 20 C 37 D
4 D 21 8 38 C
5 8 22 8 39 A
6 8 23 8 40 C
7 A 24 D 41 C
8 D 25 C 42 A
9 8 26 A 43 D
10 A 27 D 44 B
11 A 28 E 45 A
12 C 29 C 46 D
13 8 30 A 47 A
14 A 31 D 48 C
15 C 32 C 49 F
16 A 33 D 50 B
17 C 34 A 51 B