雅思18天倒计时基本功训练之动词不定式，请大家参考！
Part I：单词与短语
monster n.怪物，妖怪；fisherman n.渔民；sailor n.海员；claim v.声称，索要；at times有时候，偶尔；sight vt.看见；simply=only=merely (adv.)仅仅，仅是；occasionally adv.偶尔；unusual adj.非凡的，不一般的；creature n.生物；wash vt.冲击；rarely adv.很少地；out at sea在外海；peculiar adj.奇特的；Madagascar 马达加斯加；fishing boat渔船；miles out to sea海上数英里；powerful adj.强大的；pull on the line (动词结构)拽着钓鱼线；ordinary adj.普通的；make every effort not to…竭尽全力不……；eventually adv.最终；bring to shore 动词结构)带到岸上；shining adj.光亮的；silver n. & adj.银子，银色的；oarfish n.浆鱼；alive adj.活着的；at a depth of 在某个深度
Part II：语法学习
动词不定式的完成体和被动语态
概念解释：动词不定式也有完成体和被动语态。当比较之下应该使用不定式的地方所体现的动作或行为先于另外一个时间或动作完成的时候，它就需要用完成体；同样道理，当不定式部分体现的是被动态时，它就需要使用被动态。
示例1：USA announced to have finished another space travel.(与announced相比，to finish在前，故使用完成体形式)
示例2：He claimed to have met my grandfather yesterday, but he passed away 10 years ago!(与claimed相比，to meet在前，故使用完成体形式)
示例3：He was seen to have stolen 100 yuan from her purse.(与was seen相比，to steal在前，故使用完成体形式)
示例4：She was heard to have said something unfair for her husband.(与was heard相比，to say在前，故使用完成体)
示例5：He is said to have been stolen ten thousand yuan.(既是完成体，又是被动态)
示例6：Your dog was seen to have been picked up by a middle-aged man.(既是完成体，又是被动态)
Part III：综合训练
Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim (1) have seen monsters in the sea. (2) people have often laughed (3) stories told by seamen, it is now known (4) many of these ‘monsters’ (5) have at times been sighted are simply strange fish. Occasionally, unusual creatures are washed (6) the shore, (7) they are rarely caught out (8) sea. Some time ago, (9), a peculiar fish was caught (10) Madagascar. A small fishing boat was carried miles (11) (12) sea by the powerful fish (13) it pulled (14) the line. (15 realize) (16) this was no ordinary fish, the fisherman made every effort not (17) damage it in any way. (18) it was eventually brought (19) shore, it was found (20) be over 13 feet long. It had a head (21) a horse, big blue eyes, shining sliver skin, and a bright red tail. The fish, (22) has since been sent to a museum (23) it is (24 be) examined by a scientist, is called an oarfish. Such creatures have rarely been seen alive by man (25) they live (26) a depth of six hundred feet.
答案：
(1) to; (2) Though//Although; (3) at; (4) that; (5) which; (6) to; (7) but; (8) at; (9) however; (10) near; (11) out; (12) to; (13) as; (14) on; (15) Realizing; (16) that; (17) to; (18) When; (19) to; (20) to; (21) like; (22) which; (23) where; (24) being; (25) as//because//since; (26) at
Part IV：句子翻译
1. 渔民和海员有时称自己看到了海里的妖怪。
2. 虽然人们对海员讲的此类故事经常是付之一笑，现在知道了这些偶尔被看到的妖怪中很多不过是奇怪的鱼而已。
3. 有时候，非同寻常的生物会被冲到海岸上来，但他们在海里却很少会被捕捉到。
4. 然而不久前，一条奇鱼在马达加斯加附近被捕获。
5. 一艘小渔船被这条咬住了钩的强壮的鱼拖着跑到了数英里之外的海面上。
6. 意识到这绝对不是一条普通的鱼，渔民想方设法无论如何也不去弄坏了它。
7. 当它被最终弄到岸上后才发现它超过13英尺长。
8. 它有着马一样的头，大大的蓝眼睛，闪亮的银色皮，还有着一条鲜红色的尾巴。
9. 这条鱼已被送到了一座博物馆里由一位科学家在做着检查，它被称为桨鱼。
10. 这些动物很少会活着被人见到，因为它们生活在600英尺的海底。
答案：
1. Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea. Though people have often laughed at stories told by seamen, it is now known that many of these ‘monsters’ which have at times been sighted are simply strange fish.
2. Occasionally, unusual creatures are washed to the shore, but they are rarely caught out at sea. Some time ago, however, a peculiar fish was caught near Madagascar.
3. A small fishing boat was carried miles out to sea by the powerful fish as it pulled on the line. Realizing that this was no ordinary fish, the fisherman made every effort not to damage it in any way. When it was eventually brought to shore, it was found to be over 13 feet long. It had a head like a horse, big blue eyes, shining sliver skin, and a bright red tail.
4. The fish, which has since been sent to a museum where it is being examined by a scientist, is called an oarfish. Such creatures have rarely been seen alive by man as they live at a depth of six hundred feet.
Part V：听力与口语训练
短对话1：
Woman: Roger is always promising to do things for us around the house.
Man: But he’s never here when we need him, is he?
短对话2：
Man: They say the new science museum is supposed to be great, but I was disappointed about it.
Woman: Seen it already, have you?
短对话3：
Woman: We really must go to the new movie in town.
Man: Let’s eat first.
短对话4：
Woman: I think it’s starting to snow.
Man: Starting to snow? The ground is already covered.
短对话5：
Woman: John seems to have lost a lot of weight recently.
Man: A lot exercise.
短对话6：
Woman: Jane suggested going to a movie.
Man: Whatever she decided, just fine with me.
短对话7：
Man: Shouldn’t we invite Cathy to the party this evening?
Woman: Invite Cathy? She’s the one who is planning the whole thing.
短对话8：
Man: Steve is really a terrific guy.
Woman: He sure is. Ones like him are few and far between.
单词与短语：
promise to do sth. for sb.承诺为某人做某事；few and far between稀少的，少见的，少有的
Part VI：快速阅读
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m writing to express(表达)my dissatisfaction(不满) with the horrible(糟糕的)situation(状况)I have been faced with(面对)recently.
I’m a resident(居民)of Rose Park on St. Johnson Street. I had been enjoying my life since I moved here five years ago. However, a nightclub(夜总会)recently opened right across the street from my apartment block(公寓楼)has completely changed everything.
To begin with, the club itself is very unsightly(难看的). It has blackened(熏黑的)windows with sexually explicit pictures(有明显的性意味的画面)displayed(展示)on the outside, which I find extremely offensive(冒犯人的，让人难以容忍的). Also, the noise level(噪音量)during the early hours of the morning is so intense(巨大的)that it has really disturbed(打搅)my sleep. Consequently(结果), I find that I am unable to concentrate(集中精力)fully(完全)on my job, as I am often too tired.
I work as a surgeon(外科医生)in the local(当地的)hospital; therefore, I am sure you can see the gravity(严重性)of my complaint. Indeed, the consequences(后果)of my making any mistake due to(由于)my lack of sleep(缺少)can be very serious indeed.
I understand that, as a member of the local government, you have the power(权力，力量)to close the club down(关闭). Nevertheless(然而), I know very clearly that people need to make a living and I would not like to be responsible for(对。。。负责)people losing their jobs. Hence(因此), if you could please ensure(保证)that the offensive pictures are removed, and the noise level is kept to a minimum(最低的)level, I would be more than satisfied.
I look forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Kenny Gao