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雅思阅读:无词阅读法

发布时间: 2009-06-16 09:06:10 作者: songlijuan

  什么是《无词阅读法》顾名思义,就是“无新词阅读法”,目的就是在掌握四级左右词汇之后,忽略大量生词,就可以把题目完成。曾经有不少考生朋友说我是“敢于夸口只要熟练掌握《无词阅读法》,不背任何单词就能保证学生阅读至少6分”,我欣然接受。因为辅导过很多学生,其中不乏高考英语150分只考了40多分,连“department”都不认识,我一样保证他们考到阅读的6分。至于如何运用,一句话说不清楚,请见我的新作《无词阅读法》。其实《无词阅读法》只有三个要素:主题、方向、关系词。这就是您所说的“固定模式”。但是具体运用千变万化。例如:《剑桥4》T1P1Q3 题干是“It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the "pure" science that they study at school”。这句话讨论的主题就是“pure science”,方向是负向的(mistaken views)。原文中"Many studies have shown that children harbour misconceptions about "pure", curriculum science”。可能以下词汇大家都不熟悉“misconceptions, curriculum”,但是只要"pure"这个主题一致,"misconception"与"mistaken views"都是负向,方向一致,就可以选TRUE,那几个单词不需要认识。

  第一节 定位词

  Q1Modern official athletic records date from about 1900.

  Q2There was little improvement in athletic performance before the twentieth century.

  Q3Performance has improved most greatly in events requiring an intensive burst of energy.

  Q4Improvements in athletic performance can be fully explained by genetics.

  Q5The parents of top athletes have often been successful athletes themselves.

  Q6The growing international importance of athletics means that gifted athletes can be recognized at a younger age.

  画定位词的口诀:

  1. 数字和大写字母优先。

  2. 独特名词>独特动词>独特形容词或副词。

  3. 不能作为定位词的三种词:常用词、主题词和同一题型内部重复的词。

  Q7According to Professor Yessis, American runners are relying for their current success on ............ .

  Q8Yessis describes a training approach from the former Soviet union that aims to develop an athlete’s …… .

  Q9Yessis links an inadequate diet to ............ .

  Q10Yessis claims that the key to setting new records is better ............ .

  Q11Biomechanics films are proving particularly useful because they enable trainers to

  Q12Biomechanics specialists used theoretical models to

  Q13John S. Raglin believes our current knowledge of athletics is

  第二节 考点词

  Q1Modern official athletic records date from about 1900.

  Q2There was little improvement in athletic performance before the twentieth century.

  Q3Performance has improved most greatly in events requiring an intensive burst of energy.

  Q4Improvements in athletic performance can be fully explained by genetics.

  Q5The parents of top athletes have often been successful athletes themselves.

  Q6The growing international importance of athletics means that gifted athletes can be recognized at a younger age.

  画考点词的口诀

  第一类:是非判断考点词,简称“是非”考点,位于表语和谓语上。

  注意:只要在判断题上找不到考点词,就找这句话的表语或谓语。

  第二类:绝对的范围程度考点词,简称“绝对”考点。

  常考的绝对考点词包括四种:only, most, all和最高级(best, greatest等等)。还有几个不常考的也要记住:any(剑4P69Q9),every(剑6P43Q6)和never(剑4P99Q36)。

  注意:some和many这两个相对的范围程度词不是考点,因为他们相对而非绝对!

  第三类:数字时间考点词,简称“数字”考点,考察“精确性”。

  第四类:比较关系考点词,简称“比较”考点。

  比较包括两种:类比和对比。前者比较相同点,后者比较不同点。

  常见的类比关系词包括:as … as…, the same as …(剑4P99Q37)。

  常见的对比关系词包括:more/less…than…, higher … than…(剑4P48Q20)。

  例题:

  剑4 P99Q37Health-care came to be seen as a right at about the same time that the limits of health-care resources became evident.

  剑4 P48Q20Alternative therapists earn higher salaries than doctors.

  第五类:地点、目的、因果等考点词。

  例题:

  剑6 P43Q9In Melbourne, people prefer to live in the outer suburbs.

  剑5 P69Q20The Aswan dams were built to increase the fertility of the Nile delta.

  剑4 P45Q10The Navajo language will die out because it currently has too few speakers.

  口诀

  先画定位词,后画考点词(先定位、后判断、点对点)。

  第三节 关系词

  关系词的作用有两大类:顺承关系(维持上下文方向)和转折关系(改变上下文方向)。

  第一类:顺承关系词(维持上下文方向),包括并列、递进、因果、举例和类比五小类。

  1.并列关系词and, or, as well as, too, also, one … another …, neither … nor …, first … second … finally

  讲解(+)and(+),(-)and(-)。

  注意:and/or/as well as这三个词是可以在原文和题干之间互相替换的;too/also之间可以替换(剑5P46Q22);first…second…/one…another…/neither…nor…之间也是可以替换的(剑5P50Q30/31)。

  2.递进关系词moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, not only … but also …,

  讲解(+)moreover(++),(-)moreover(--)

  注意:in addition/also曾经出现过原文和题干之间的替换,这说明递进关系和并列关系之间本质上是相同的。

  3.因果关系词表示“原因”的:because, as, since, in that, due to, as a result of(=because of)

  表示“结果”的:so, therefore, thus, as a result, consequently

  讲解注意:because/so可以在原文和题干之间互相替换,只不过前因后果变成了前果后因;as a result/as a result of之间可以替换(剑4P44Q1);as a result of/as曾经也有过替换(剑5P50Q34)。

  4.举例关系词for example, for instance, such as

  讲解注意:for example/such as之间曾经出现过替换。

  5.类比关系词like, similarly, be similar to…, as … as…, the same as …

  讲解注意:like/be similar to可以互相替换(剑5P40Q1);like/such as也曾经出现过替换(剑5P97Q39)。

  第二类:转折关系(改变上下文关系),包括但是、虽然、对比等三小类。

  1.表示但是but, however, yet, on the other hand

  讲解(+)but(-),(-)but(+)。

  注意:but/however可以互相替换。

  2.表示虽然although, while, despite

  讲解“虽然”这半句话不重要,重要的在于后半句话。例如剑4P24最后一段首句:

  Although the senses of taste and smell appear to have deteriorated, and vision in water appears to be uncertain, such weaknesses are more than compensated for by cetaceans’ well-developed acoustic sense.

  although (+), (-) although (-), (+)

  注意:although/while可以互相替换;although/but也可以替换,只不过需要注意“虽然”和“但是”的转换(剑6P29Q36前面一句话)。

  3.表示对比unlike, more/less … than …

  讲解对比比较的是不同点。所以前后方向相反。

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