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  四、 完形填空与阅读

   

　　(一)　知识概要

　　完形填空是一种在语意封闭的情况下考察学生阅读能力及掌握语言基础知识能力的综合性题目。パ生应根据语义完整、语法正确的原则进行通篇阅读。借助文章的现成文字，通过逻辑思维，联系上下文，推断出可能的答案。然后再从所给选择答案中逐空选出在通读全文时脑海中已出现的答案填入空内。试推想在小学五六年级时去读"西游记"，"水浒传"，你也并非每个字都认得，每句话都能真正理解。但你还是可以明了全文的意思，读得有滋有味。这就是语言能力。所以完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字，不认得字、词语的情况下，能否全面理解文章的正确意思，然后选入适当的词语。在选择后还要前后彼此呼应反复验证所选答案。有时答案一时不易验证，不要急于顺序填写，可能在填出后面答案时，而得到前面的答案。有时则需运用所学的词法、句法、时态和固定搭配等知识对4个选项进行分析，比较、排除干扰项，确定正确的答案。ゴ答案全部选定后，一定要复读全文以验证：①　所选答案是否能使全文流畅，逻辑推理是否正确。②　具体实事是否成立，前后关系是否理顺。③　语法是否正确，其中包括时态的选择、词汇选择、固定搭配等。在通读全文时最好在可能的条件下将所选答案填入文章中，反复阅读。而不要在文章空中只写选项的代号，这样影响全文的理解，不易找出错误之处。在做完形填空时，应注意以下几点：

　　(1)　重视首句，首段的开篇启示作用，读懂了第一句，或第一段有可能预测到全篇大意。

　　(2)　一定要顾及上下文间的语意联系。在完形填空的设计中，一般是以语义为第一要素同时兼顾语法。有的4个选项单独填入这个单句中全是正确的，但拿到文中从下文联系起来看，则文理不通。为此要通篇考虑，顾及上下文的联系是十分重要的。

　　(3)　要坚持语意第一的原则，而语法应放于第二位。完形填空形式上是一种单项选择式的考察。但实质上也是一种阅读能力和学生重建文意能力的考察。它一般是利用语法的正确性与内容排斥性的矛盾而命题的。所给答案大都是离开上下文均可说得通的。但语意上辩析、排斥才能找到答案。例如：

　　It took Charlie Mui several months to save up seven dollars He wanted to ______ a model plane and went to the shop with the money豹

　　A薄sell B薄buy C薄hold D薄bring

　　这里肯定需要一个动词，所给答案也都是动词，但只能从意义上考虑而选B项。

　　(4)　要认真注意细节，做到语法正确。一些答案在意义上讲都是正确的，但从线索上看要找出语法正确的答案。如：

　　Mr Evans is an old man of about sixty His wife died a few years ago His chi

　　ldren ______ him by then.

　　A薄left B薄would leave C薄have left D薄had left

　　答案应为D。这句话正确的语意都是"离开"，但仔细发现有 by then 之说，由此可得出这是个动作的截止时间，应选为 had left 过去完成时态。ハ旅嬖倏匆恍├子。

　　(1)　语意第一原则

　　A young father was visiting an old neighbour They were standing in the old man's garden and talking about ______ .

　　A薄trees B薄flowers C薄children D薄old people

　　那么他们谈论的中心是什么呢?可能是树、花，由于他们是在花园里谈论。但如果前后的段落配合看，则其谈论的也可能是孩子和老年人。这就是要求我们切勿望文生义。

　　(2)　语法正确，注意细节的原则

　　在语意正确的前题下，还要根据学过的语法知识，及词语的固定搭配，选择正确答案。ト纾

　　One night the dog began to bark suddenly It made Mr Erens ______ ①______ to sleep He had to get up and tried his ______ ② ______ to stop it， but the beast wouldn't stop， and kept on ______ ③ ______ 豹

　　①　A薄go not B薄not go C薄not to go D薄to not go

　　②　A薄well B薄good C薄better D薄best

　　③　A薄bark B薄to bark C薄barking D薄barked

　　以上3个小题中所给答案从语意上都是正确的，这就要求选择语法正确的那一个。サ谝豢罩懈据句子结构，要填一个宾语补足语。而动词 make 后面的定语补足语应省去不定式符号 to， 且其否定式 + not，即不定式的否定式为 not to do， 而省去 to 后则应为 not do. 在动词前直接+ not惫视ρB。ザ第二个空显然是一个固定搭配。语意上为： Mr Erens 尽力地阻止狗叫，所以应选D。 try one's best 是尽力而为之意。サ谌个空显然是 keep on doing something 连续不断之意，应选 ing 的动词形式。其答案为C。

　　(3)　根据所给答案的不同词类，从不同角度分别考虑选择

　　完形填空所给的词往往是不同类的，这就要求对不同词类作不同考虑。如果所缺的是动词，那么首先在选择语意正确的前提下，考虑动词的时态、语态和是否是要填入非谓语动词。若是介词或副词则要考虑是否固定搭配，以及介词、副词在结构和意义上的选择。若是连词，则应更多地从句子结构和上下文的连接上选择。若是代词，则应考虑性、数、格等方面，以及形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。

　　例如： A man and his wife had a small bar near a station They often worked late into the night， ______ ① ______ people came to drink there while they were ______ ② ______ trains豹At two o'clock one morning， one man was still at a table in the small bar He was asleep The bar man's wife wanted to leave She looked ______ ③ ______ the bar several times， and each time the man was ______ ④ ______ there Then at last she went to her husband and said to him， "You ______ ⑤ ______ that man six times， George ，

　— ______ ⑥ ______ he isn't drinking anything"

　　①　 A薄as soon as B薄because C薄so D薄though

　　②　 A薄catching up with B薄getting on C薄looking after D薄waiting for

　　③　 A薄at B薄for C薄into D薄out of

　　④　 A薄always B薄often C薄still D薄already

　　⑤　 A薄have woken B薄wake C薄had woken D薄will wake

　　⑥　 A薄and B薄but C薄yet D薄too

　　从文中看，第一选项，由于给了不同的连词，从意义选择应为B。第二选项均为分词形式，也应从语意上选择，其答案是D。 第三选项给了四个介词，而 into 则是从外向里观看，所以应选C。第四项是副词 still 意为仍然，从意义上应选择C。 而第五项所给的是同个动词，只是时态不同。从故事情景看，只能选完成时态A。 而最后一个选项是连词，由于句意则只能用 but 转折连词。

　　从目前完形填空初中阶段的考察看，除语意第一外，更多地选择了单词的用法及意义，动词的时态，短语和惯用法等。为此，要做好完形填空题目，除有较好的阅读能力外，更要有扎实的语言基础知识及日常生活的逻辑推理能力。ピ亩晾斫饽芰υ诮萄Т蟾僦杏忻魅返囊求。它是目前条件下考查学生英语运用能力的常规题型之一，也是分值最高的题型之一。学生的阅读理解能力如何，标志着学生继续深入学习的潜力有多大，它是集语法，词汇，逻辑推理背景知识于一体的综合语言能力的测试。它除对学生的阅读理解的正确性进行测试外，同时从阅读速度、技巧、文化背景常识等方面对学生进行测试。ゴ咏年各地中考题分析看，阅读类测试除为一般常规测试题型外，在试题中所占分值较大，为此应引起学生特别注意。ト绾巫龊迷亩晾斫馓饽?首先要求考生有足够的基础知识和较好的阅读速度以及技巧方面的训练。同时还要注意以下几个方面的问题。

　　1薄∫了解阅读测试的重点

　　如上所述，阅读过程是一个综合作用的过程，为此阅读的测试就不能仅将着眼点放在语言结构的测试上，而是通过看，通过阅读获取信息的能力。ピ谠亩烈黄文章时，我们首先会想到：①　文章说的是什么事情(即中心思想是什么)。②　事情发生的时间、地点、人物是什么。③　作者所持态度如何。④　结论是什么。ビ行┧得餍孕畔⒃谖恼轮腥菀谆袢。如：时间、数字、地点、人物等。有些信息如作者的态度，事件的结论，中心思想，文章的标题，则需通过文中线索，说明信息等等去分析推断才能获取。而这些说明性及内隐性的信息正是阅读理解的测试重点内容。而其难点在于理解、推断、得出结论时，应从英语国家的风俗习惯、语言习惯、宗教信仰、民族问题等方面来考虑，而不是仅从中国人的语言习惯来作推论。这也是这方面的难点之一。

　　例： John drove a taxi through the busy streets of Boston every day豹John was ___________

　　A薄a manager B薄a driver C薄a policeman D薄a dustman

　　由此我们应能由drive a taxi 来得出结论约翰是位出租车司机而不是别的什么人。

　　例：Mrs Barker's sister was ill薄She had someone to look after her from Monday to Friday， but not at the weekend， so every Friday evening Mrs Baker used to go off to spend the weekend at her home in a neighboring town…This meant that Mr薄Baker … First he had to drive home from the station薄Then he had to drive his wife to the station to catch her train豹Who was ill? ____________ 豹

　　A薄Mraker B薄Mrs Baker

　　C薄Mr薄Baker's sister D薄Mrs Baker's sister

　　从这些只言片语中可以看出有三个人物出场，而问题的设计是表浅的，只要细心即可。

　　[答案] D.

　　从中考阅读命题中，由于考虑到考生的能力有限，和大部分学生毕业的要求，语言结构的测试占很大一部分比重。但对于要考入重点中学的学生来讲，仅仅几分较高要求的题目可能会决定他们的升学命运。因为这一部分分值是往往使学生棘手的那些隐性问题的测试。如：

　　Like many other families in 1870， Katie Olson and her family had come to the grassy plains of Kansas薄Katie liked the prairie and their new sold house薄But with no friends to play with， she was very lonely薄Besides her mother and father， she had only her little brother， Matt， for company薄She missed their old home in Wisconsir薄—Then one day her father had exciting news薄Some settlers had bought the farm near the Olson's land薄Katie became so excited on hearing the news that she thought she might burst薄She begged her father to let her ride over with him to greet their new neighbors豹The two rode across the prairie薄They found Mr薄and Mrs Laski were hard at working building their sod home薄Katie was disappointed薄She had hoped there would be some children to play with薄But soon Mr Laski called out" Anna， and Carl,　come out of the wagon" A boy and a girl薄jumped down and came over to Katie薄Katie didn't believe it薄Her wish had come true豹

　　1薄 Who was the most important person in the story?

　　A薄Matt B薄Katie C薄Mr Laski D薄Anna and Carl

　　2薄 What was Katie's problem in the story?

　　A薄She had no friend. B薄She didn't like Kansas.

　　C薄She couldn't ride a horse. D薄She didn't like Anna and Carl.

　　从上文中看，信息的获得不是直接的，而是必须通过整个文章的阅读，理清人物关系，掌握中心思想，才能作出正确的判定。如第一问故事中人物众多，但一直到读完才知，故事讲述了一个女孩Katie的事情。则她是故事的中心，所以应选择B薄〉诙问是测试通过阅读是否了解了人物的心理情绪。这些信息必须通过线索，综合判定，从而其结论是A。

　　2薄≡亩晾斫獾慕馓馑悸泛头椒í

　　阅读理解的测试点是在通过由于阅读所能够获取信息的能力上，所以解题思路的重点应放在：

　　(1) 通读全文，了解文章的主题和大意;了解作者的写作目的、对事件的态度上。

　　People sometimes change their way of doing business薄In a village in Africa， people are using money for the first time薄They're doing business with the world Before this tribe (部落) used money， people came to the market in the village to trade (交易) things they had for things they needed薄Now people must use money to buy what they want豹Before using money， people helped one another薄Their father who was head of the family， gave food， and clothing to his sons and their families薄In return， the sons worked for their father薄Now people no longer work for one another free薄Instead， they are paid for the work they do豹When a new road was needed. Everyone in the village helped build it,　Now people must pay money to the village chief (首领) for roads and schools薄The chief hires workers to build these new projects薄More and better roads and schools are being builtt is not easy for people to change a way of doing business薄To change from trading goods to using money takes time豹

　　①　 The story doesn't say so， but it makes you think that ____________.

　　A薄family members often quarrel (争吵) about money

　　B薄Africans do not change their way of doing business

　　C薄Africans refuse to use money

　　D薄families do not help one another in the same way now

　　[答案] D.

　　②　 On the whole this story is about ____________ 豹

　　A薄the life of some Africans

　　B薄changing from goods to using money

　　C薄people helps one another

　　D薄building roads across Africa

　　[答案] B.

　　从以上的问题看，所设提问均不是对某个具体事实。而是真对整篇文章，由此可见通读全文，掌握中心和作者的态度的重要性。

　　(2) 要注重文句间的相互关系。既注重主要情节又不可忽视细节。中考中阅读命题很多情况下是对事件的某个细节而进行测试的。

　　例：… on Saturday afternoon they began with the back of the house薄The next Saturday Tom went to a football match while his wife painted the front of the house薄The next day they found they couldn't open any of the front windows薄They get them open at last， but they broke three of the seven and they were very expensive to repair

　—ア侏薄 They lasted for about ______ days豹

　　A薄two B薄three

　　C薄more than seven D薄Less than seven

　—

　　[答案] A.

　　②薄 They had to get someone to make repair for ______ windows豹

　　A薄seven B薄four C薄ten D薄three

　—

　　[答案] D.

　　第一问中，如不分析第一句和第二句中的两个 Saturday， 很可能会选择答案C。事实上，他们只干了两个 Saturday， 而不是从这个星期六到下个星期六的7天时间。而第二问是他们弄坏了所有7个窗户中的3个，所以应选D。

　　(3) 特别注意首尾句在整个文章中的作用，以及它起到的启示和结论性作用。

　　例： Man has a big brain薄He can think， learn and speak…ァut no animal learns when we speak? Scientists do not really know薄They only know that man can speak because he has a big brain豹

　　这篇文章只要我们注意了首尾句，即可得出结论，它是讲述人类大脑与语言的关系的。人脑的其中一个作用是使他拥有语言，也就是和动物 apes， dogs 有了根本的区别。这样这篇文章的许多细节可以迎刃而解了。

　　①薄 In what way are men different from animals?

　　A薄Men can understand things quickly.

　　B薄Men can learn.

　　C薄Men have learned language.

　　D薄Men have brains.

　　[答案] C.

　　②薄 Scientists now know _____

　　A薄how children learn to speak

　　B薄why apes can learn a few words

　　C薄men's brain helps him to learn to speak

　　D薄what happens when men speak

　—

　　[答案] C.

　　③薄 What is the topic the writer wants to talk about?

　　A薄ape's language

　　B薄men's brain and language

　　C薄human brain

　　D薄animals' learning

　—

　　[答案] B.

　　以上只是做阅读练习中的一般分析，要取得优异成绩，还有赖于扎实的阅读基础和语言能力，以及平时的技巧训练和刻苦练习。要坚持每天至少读三四篇文章，以逐步提高自己的英语水平。

　　(二) 例题解析

　　通读下面短文，掌握其大意。然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。

　　Once there was a clever farmer薄Though he was poor， he decided one day to take the king a roast goose (烤鹅) as a present薄He had not had ____ 1 ____o cat that day， and soon the ____ 2 ____ of the roast goose became too much for him as (当……时) he ____ 3 ____ it to the king， so he ate one of its legs豹When he came before the king and gave him the goose， the king ____ 4 ___ saw that it had only one leg豹Now， the king ____ 5 ____ was born with one bad leg， so he had never been able to ____ 6 ____ properly (正常地)薄When he saw the goose with only one leg， he thought the farmer had ____ 7 ____ this to laugh at him薄Of course he was very ____ 8 ____ 薄The farmer was told that if anybody laughed at the king， he would be ____ 9____ at once豹"Where is ____ 10 ____ leg of the goose?" the king asked豹" All the geese (goose 的复数) in this ____ 11 ____ of the country have one leg only， " the farmer answered豹"Do you think I'm a fool(傻子)?" the king shouted豹"____ 12 ____ ，" said the farmer， "if you look out of the window， you will see geese with one leg by the ____ 13____ "The king looked， and there the geese were ____ 14 ____ on one leg beside the water薄The king at once told one of his men to ____ 15 ____ them with a big stick， and of course， they ____ 16 ____ heir other legs and ran away豹"There， " said the king薄" You were lying(说谎)薄That ____ 17 ____ that the geese here have two legs， like all other ____ 18 ____ in the country""But it doesn't show anything，" answered the farmer， "if your men threw a big stick like that at me， I would grow two ____19 ____ legs myself to help me to run away ____ 20 ____ "

　　1薄A薄less B薄all C薄little D薄much

　　2薄A薄head B薄neck C薄smell D薄temperature

　　3薄A薄returned B薄carried C薄sent D薄handed

　　4薄A薄at once B薄at last C薄by then D薄on time

　　5薄A薄once B薄really C薄himself D薄yet

　　6薄A薄come B薄walk C薄see D薄eat

　　7薄A薄kept B薄done C薄made D薄found

　　8薄A薄sorry B薄worried C薄sad D薄angry

　　9薄A薄helped B薄killed C薄saved D薄covered

　　10薄A薄other B薄another C薄that D薄the other

　　11薄A薄city B薄village C薄farm D薄part

　　12薄A薄Certainly not B薄Of course C薄That's nothing D薄Never mind

　　13薄A薄hole B薄forest C薄lake D薄house

　　14薄A薄swimming B薄resting C薄flying D薄lying

　　15薄A薄fill B薄lock C薄hit D薄keep

　　16薄A薄sent up B薄put down C薄did with D薄moved away

　　17薄A薄shows B薄talks C薄sees D薄knows

　　18薄A薄geese B薄animals C薄legs D薄farmers

　　19薄A薄slower B薄faster C薄less D薄more

　　20薄A薄more slowly B薄more carefully C薄faster D薄earlier

　　[答案] 1薄D 2薄C 3薄B 4薄A 5薄C

　　6薄B 7薄B 8薄D 9薄B 10薄D

　　11薄D 12薄A 13薄C 14薄B 15薄C

　　16薄B 17薄A 18薄A 19薄D 20薄C

　　其中1选 much是应能从文章字里行间中猜到的，它应为much food to eat薄《将food 省略。2要知道 smell 可以作系动词，但也可以作名词，而4则为多个短语的词语辨析：at once 立刻， at last 最终， by then 到那时为止，on time 准时。所以应为at once薄7则要熟悉英语的习惯用法，即干这件事要用do，而不用make薄10之所以要用D则是因为鹅有两只腿，由于只剩一只而问另一只哪里去了，要用特指的定冠词。而 other 则为泛指的形容词，一般指复数， another虽然也指单数，但也应用于泛指的情况。而11题因其后有 of the country， 是在乡村的这个部分，所以只能用part薄country 是不可数名词作"乡村"讲，作为可数名词则作"国家"讲。而作"乡村"讲时，前面的定冠词不可少。19则是要通读全文才知道鹅一只腿站立体息，而一被哄赶则放下另一只腿跑走了，人是两条腿站着，当被哄赶时那应是再长出两条腿奔跑着逃走。由此可见中考的难题越来越不在语法项，而在阅读和完形上用以选拔高质量的学生。

　　We were going to play a team from a country school薄They didn't come until the game time arrived薄They looked ____ 1 ____ than we had thought薄They were wearing dirty blue jeans (仔裤) and looked like farm boys薄We even thought that they had never seen a basketball before豹We all sat down薄We felt that we didn't ____ 2 ____ any practice (训练) against a team like that豹It was already so late that no ____ 3 ____ could be given to them for a warmp豹The game began豹One of our boys ____ 4 ____ the ball and he shot (掷) a long pass to our forward (前锋)薄From out of nowhere a boy in a dirty Thirt ____ 5____ the pass and with a beautiful form (姿势) he shot and got two points (分)豹They ____ 6 ____ us豹Then they got another ____ 7____ of points in a minute豹Soon it was all over薄The country team ____ 8____ us豹We certainly learned that even though a team is good， there is usually another ____ 9 ____ a little better薄But the important lesson learned was: One can't tell a man， or a team， by the ____10 ____ 豹

　　1薄A薄stronger B薄younger C薄worse D薄less

　　2薄A薄get B薄try C薄use D薄need

　　3薄A薄basket B薄space C薄ball D薄time

　　4薄A薄got B薄played C薄missed D薄carried

　　5薄A薄caught B薄changed C薄started D薄stopped

　　6薄A薄surprised B薄kept C薄broke D薄hit

　　7薄A薄half B薄pair C薄group D薄double

　　8薄A薄won B薄saved C薄beat D薄joined

　　9薄A薄just B薄already C薄about D薄almost

　　10薄A薄Thirts B薄clothes C薄places D薄points

　　[答案] 1薄C 2薄D 3薄D 4薄A 5薄D

　　6薄A 7薄B 8薄C 9薄A 10薄B

　　[析] 在1题中可以看出stronger， younger worse， less 四个选项全可以选，语法是正确的。从文章开始到这里并看不出其原因为什么要选择C，这时只能将其选择空出往后面看，所以提醒考生要注意的是千万不要一一对完形填空作出选择，有很多情况 是后面的情景决定了前面的选择。当看到 We even thought that they had never seen a basketball before 和 We felt that we didn't need (2) any practice against a team like that薄≡蚓涂隙岬玫降谝桓隹盏难∠罹霾皇潜任颐乔孔常也不可能是少，更不可能是年轻、而是球技不佳，比我们差得很远。ザ5题是要仔细考虑才能得到正确的结论。这四个动词都可以用在篮球运动中，但要注意的是，其后面的名词是pass，在这里应译为"长传"。而这个长传这里决不是开始，而是被截住了。所以这里应用stopped。 即"拦截了一个长传。"而 caught 的宾语应换为ball球就对了。B 选项为"改变"，用于这里就不合题意了。而7项虽然很多人都知道篮球规则，投一球按两分计算，但这里应选哪个词则拿不准了，主要在B选项与D选项之间发生了问题。不知double的真实意义是"加倍，翻一翻"之意，还是"一对，一双，两倍"之意。其困难点还有9项，它的选择应为 just，这是由全文所决定的。它的意思是不论一个队多么好，总会有一个队会比你强出一点儿，哪怕是仅仅一点点。这也就是完形填空不易拿满分之处。这里要提醒大家的是：语言是十分灵活的，要经常不断地学习思考才会有所进步。

　　Peter was a small boy薄He lived with his parents in a small house near some hills薄The people there were all poor豹One night it was very dry and windy豹When everybody was asleep， Peter suddenly heard some noise薄It came out from the kitchen (厨房)薄He got up and walked to the kitchen薄He found that the wood beside the stove (火炉) was burning薄There was no water tap (水龙头) in the house， so he could not put out (扑灭) the fire薄He shouted loudly to wake up everyone in the house薄Then he ran out of his house and knocked on the doors of many houses to wake the people up薄They all left their houses quickly豹At last the fire was put out by the firemen薄Many houses were burnt薄But nobody was hurt in the fire豹

　　1薄 Peter lived with his ______ 豹

　　A薄sisters B薄brothers C薄uncles D薄parents

　—

　　2薄 One night he found that ______ beside the stove was burning豹

　　A薄the table B薄the wood C薄the door D薄the window

　—

　　3_____　 ， so he could not put out the fire豹

　　A薄Everybody was asleep B薄He couldn't shout loudly

　　C薄The kitchen was very big D薄There was no water tap in the house

　—

　　4薄 Peter knocked on the doors of many houses ______z豹

　　A薄to wake the people up B薄to get some water

　　C薄to find his classmates D薄to visit them

　　5_____　 hurt in the fire豹

　　A薄People in other houses were B薄Peter's parents were

　　C薄Nobody was D薄Peter was

　　[答案] 1薄D 2薄B 3薄D 4薄A 5薄C

　　[析] 本题属于表层理解阅读考查题目，因为完成其答案所需要的信息基本上可以直接从文章中获取，并不太多的需要推理和对环境，习俗的分析与了解。例如1题可直接从文章中 He lived with his parents in a small…中获取。2 题则可以从 He found that the wood beside the stove was buring 获取答案。3 题几乎是文章中的原句， There was no water tap in the house薄∷以得分率会很高。4 题也可从文章中：Then he ran out of his house and knocked on the doors of many houses to wake the people up薄≈苯诱页龃鸢浮5题的答案则可以从文章中最后一句获得，如： But nobody was hurt in the fire。 这样的阅读题目，是属于表层理解题目，也就是为了那些获取毕业成绩的分数所设计的。其目的在于对普通同学给予适当的分以求达到毕业之目的。这样的题目虽然容易，但还是要小心为好，不要粗心大意，以免不必要的丢分。

　　"You're just in time， Joe薄We're going to play cowboys (牛仔) and Indians， and you can be the Indians， " one of my cousins (堂兄弟) said豹"How many Indians?" I asked豹"Oh， about a thousand，" he answered， and before I could say no， I was pushed out into the night and became a thousand Indians薄Two minutes later I was running in the fields with a group of cowboys behind薄The shouts of "After them薄Let's catch the killers!" and other such TVlay language came into my ears as I ran round a corner and hurried into my Grandpa's car豹"We've got him,　boys薄Let's go and catch him!"But no one wanted to come to get me薄All of my cousins except one were always very friendly with me薄It was quiet outside薄And I went out of the car to have a look豹Just then I heard a shout， "Bring the rope (绳子)， and we can burn him""Only Indians burn people薄Cowboys …，" I stopped just in time薄I had almost said， "Cowboys hang (绞死) people"I was tied to a tree， and the cowboys were looking for some wood when my dear mother called， "We're leaving now""Untie me，" I shouted薄"We're going""Why did Bobby want matches (火柴)?" Mum asked when we were in the car薄"He was asking Dad whether he had any""Oh， he was just going to matches? MATCHES? Are you sure he wanted matches?"Mother was quite sure， and I didn't say any more豹

　　1薄 How many children played the Indians?

　　A薄One thousand. B薄One hundred. C薄One group. D薄One.

　—

　　2薄 Why did Joe's cousin say that Joe was just in time? Because ______ 豹

　　A薄there were not enough children for the game

　　B薄the game was just going to start

　　C薄none of his cousins wanted to be the Indians

　　D薄they were waiting for Joe

　　3薄 Joe didn't say "Cowboys hang people" out because ______豹

　　A薄he was tied to a tree

　　B薄that would make things worse

　　C薄he was caught by the cowboys

　　D薄that would make the cowboys angry

　　4薄 Which of the following is TRUE?

　　A薄One of Joe's cousins was looking for matches.

　　B薄Dad didn't want to give the children any matches.

　　C薄Bobby wanted to get some matches from his father.

　　D薄Mum didn't think children should play with matches.

　—

　　5薄 The name of the story should be "______ "豹

　　A薄Joe and his cousins

　　B薄Who knows what danger is waiting there

　　C薄Cowboysndndians is a favourite children's game

　　D薄How cowboys and Indians fought in the past

　　[答案] 1薄D 2薄C 3薄B 4薄A 5薄B

　　[析] 本文在阅读过程中会感到难度，而其问题与选项的设计更为困难。其难点不仅在于要阅读好文章，而且要对问题和问题中的选择项作深入仔细地阅读。如1题的问句之意是有多少个孩子在游戏中扮演印第安人。而文章中又有"How many Indians?" I asked 当作者问到有多少印第安人时，其答语为" about a thousand" 这对于看不懂全文，而只认识个别单词的人就是一种很强的误导作用。因题目中问的是 How many，而文章中的数字是 a thousand薄〉如果认真往下看