321. A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind.

　　The word "altered" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) determined

　　(B) changed

　　(C) accumulated

　　(D) needed

　　322. With encouragement from the park, local landowners initiated a land-use planning effort to guide the future of the North Fork.

　　The word "initiated" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) started

　　(B) requested

　　(C) purchased

　　(D) considered

　　323. The willingness of local landowners to participate in this protection effort may have been stimulated by concerns that Congress would impose a legislative solution.

　　The word "stimulated" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) motivated

　　(B) anticipated

　　(C) substituted

　　(D) undermined

　　324. Nevertheless, many local residents want to retain the existing the character of the area.

　　The word "retain" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) preserve

　　(B) possess

　　(C) enjoy

　　(D) improve

　　325. There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods

　　The word "divergent" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) different

　　(B) distributed

　　(C) recorded

　　(D) prominent

326. Descriptive statistics is a tool for describing or summarizing or reducing to comprehensible form the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data.

　　The word "unwieldy" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) unmanageable

　　(B) unpredictable

　　(C) understandable

　　(D) unreliable

　　327. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild-and the accumulated knowledge of lens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.

　　The word "controlled" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) abundant

　　(B) managed

　　(C) required

　　(D) advanced

　　328. This century, the work of cognitive psychologists has illuminated the subtle forms of daily learning on which intellectual progress depends.

　　The word "illuminated" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) illustrated

　　(B) accepted

　　(C) clarified

　　(D) lighted

　　329. They have also suggested that the very concept of abstract numbers-the idea of a oneness, a twoness, a threeness that applies to any class of objects and is a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematically demanding than setting a table-is itself far from innate.

　　The word "prerequisite" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) reason

　　(B) theory

　　(C) requirement

　　(D) technique

　　330. The droplets or ice crystals in clouds are exceedingly small. The effect of gravity on them is minute. Air currents move and lift droplets so that the net downward displacement is zero, even though the droplets are in constant motion.

　　The word "minute" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) second

　　(B) tiny

　　(C) slow

　　(D) steady

331. Air currents move and lift droplets so that the net downward displacement is zero, even though the droplets are in constant motion.

　　The word "motion" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) wind

　　(B) change

　　(C) movement

　　(D) humidity

　　332. To the casual observer, dust seems to act in a totally random fashion, moving about chaotically without fixed direction.

　　The word "random" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) unpredictable

　　(B) perplexing

　　(C) independent

　　(D) abnormal

　　333. During the 1920's she was editor of The Dial, an important literary magazine of the period.

　　The word "period" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) movement

　　(B) school

　　(C) region

　　(D) time

　　succeeding generations of poets and readers.

　　The word "succeeding" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) inheriting

　　(B) prospering

　　(C) diverse

　　(D) later

　　334. The Southwest has always been a dry country, where water is scarce. The Hopi and Zuni brought water from streams to their fields and gardens through irrigation ditches.

　　The word "scarce" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) limited

　　(B) hidden

　　(C) pure

　　(D) necessary

　　335. Like tree roots breaking up a sidewalk, the growing crystals exert pressure on the rock and eventually pry the rock apart along planes of weakness, such as banding in metamorphic rocks, bedding in sedimentary rocks, or preexisting or incipient fractions, and along boundaries between individual mineral crystals or grains.

　　The word "exert" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) put

　　(B) reduce

　　(C) replace

　　(D) control

336. A rock durable enough to have withstood natural conditions for a very long time in other areas could probably be shattered into small pieces by salt weathering within a few generations.

　　The word "durable" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) large

　　(B) strong

　　(C) flexible

　　(D) pressured

　　The word "shattered" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) arranged

　　(B) dissolved

　　(C) broken apart

　　(D) gathered together

　　337. The dominant salt in Death Valley is halite, or sodium chloride, but other salts, mostly carbonates and sulfates, also cause prying and wedging, as does ordinary ice.

　　The word "dominant" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) most recent

　　(B) most common

　　(C) least available

　　(D) least damaging

　　338. Overland transport in the United States was still extremely primitive in 1790. Roads were few and short, usually extending from inland communities to the nearest river town or seaport.

　　The word "primitive" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) unsafe

　　(B) unknown

　　(C) inexpensive

　　(D) undeveloped

　　339. Nearly all interstate commerce was carried out by sailing ships that served the bays and harbors of the seaboard. Yet, in 1790 the nation was on the threshold of a new era of road development.

　　The phrase "on the threshold of" in line 4 and 5 is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) in need of

　　(B) in place of

　　(C) at the start of

　　(D) with the purpose of

　　340. The company built a gravel road within two years, and the success of the Lancaster Pike encouraged imitation. Northern states generally relied on private companies to build their toll roads, but Virginia constructed a network at public expense.

　　The word "imitation" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) investment

　　(B) suggestion

　　(C) increasing

　　(D) copying