国务院新闻办新闻发布会上的开场白
中国红十字会常务副会长 赵白鸽
2012年8月2日
Opening Remarks for Press Conference of the State Council Information Office
By Dr. Zhao Baige, Executive Vice President of the Red Cross Society of China
August 2, 2012
女士们、先生们：
Ladies and gentlemen:
大家上午好!非常高兴参加今天的新闻发布会，和各位新闻媒体的朋友们见面和交流。在这里，我首先代表中国红十字会对各新闻媒体、各位记者朋友长期以来对红十字事业以及我们的工作所给予的关心、支持和帮助，表示衷心的感谢。下面，我就《国务院关于促进红十字事业发展的意见》有关情况做一个简要介绍。
Good morning. It’s a pleasure for me to attend today’s press conference and meet all the media friends. Here on behalf of Red Cross Society of China, I would like to thank the mass media as well as all journalist friends for your consistent support. Now, I would like to make a brief introduction of the “Opinions of the State Council on the Promotion of Red Cross Cause Development”.
新中国成立特别是改革开放以来，中国红十字会大力弘扬“人道、博爱、奉献”的红十字精神，积极开展人道主义工作，为改善易受损害群体境况、保护人的生命与健康、促进社会和谐文明进步做出了重要贡献。当前，我国经济、政治、文化、社会、生态建设取得长足进步，为红十字事业发展提供了前所未有的良好机遇;但同时，我国地域辽阔、各地发展不平衡、自然灾害频发、社会矛盾复杂，又对人道事业发展和红十字会工作提出了新的更高要求。近日，国务院出台《关于促进红十字事业发展的意见》，这是进一步加强和改进红十字会工作的纲领性文件，对于当前和今后较长时期内中国红十字事业发展具有里程碑式的指导意义。
Since the founding of the P.R.C., especially after the reform and opening-up, the Red Cross Society of China have made great efforts in advocating the spirit of “Humanity, Fraternity and Dedication”, providing humanitarian services, improving the lives of the vulnerable, and promoting social harmony and stability. China has made strong progress in economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological terms, which lays a solid basis for the cause of Red Cross to build on; however, the facts of unbalanced economic development among different regions, frequent natural disasters, and complicated social contradictions have raised higher expectations for the Red Cross work. Lately, the Opinions of the State Council on the Promotion of Red Cross Cause Development (hereafter referred to as “the Opinions”) was promulgated by the State Council, which is the guiding document for further promotion of Red Cross undertaking and is of landmark significance in directing the development of Red Cross at present and for a long time to come.
一、关于红十字会的定位
Ⅰ. Positioning of the Red Cross
《意见》明确肯定，中国红十字会作为中华人民共和国统一的红十字组织和国际红十字运动的重要成员，遵守宪法和法律，遵循国际红十字运动基本原则，依照中国参加的日内瓦公约及其附加议定书，认真履行法定职责，充分发挥其在人道领域的政府助手作用，为我国经济社会发展作出了重要贡献，成为社会主义和谐社会建设的重要力量、精神文明建设的生力军和民间外交的重要渠道。
The Opinions clearly recognizes that the RCSC, as the united Red Cross national society in the People's Republic of China and an important member of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, abides by the Constitution and laws of China, follows the fundamental principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, and carefully performs its statutory duties according to the Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols to which China has acceded. The Opinions also confirms that as an auxiliary to the government in the humanitarian field, the Red Cross Society of China plays an important role in contributing to China’s economic and social development, constructing our harmonious society, and facilitating the progress of cultural civilization and people-to-people diplomacy.
二、关于红十字会的作用
Ⅱ. Role of the Red Cross
《意见》明确提出红十字事业是中国特色社会主义事业的重要组成部分。中国红十字会积极服务经济社会发展大局，在参与应急救援、应急救护、人道救助、无偿献血、造血干细胞捐献、遗体和人体器官捐献、国际人道援助以及开展民间外交等方面发挥了不可替代的作用。红十字会作为从事人道主义工作的社会救助团体，在开展人道救助、反映民生诉求、化解社会矛盾等方面具有独特优势。
As confirmed by the Opinions, the Red Cross cause is a part of the socialism with Chinese characteristic. The Red Cross Society of China has been playing an irreplaceable role in serving the overall economic and social development, providing and facilitating services like emergency relief, first aid, humanitarian assistance, non-remunerated blood donation, hematopoietic stem cell donation, body and organ donation, international humanitarian assistance, and people-to-people diplomacy. As a social aid organization, the Red Cross has unique advantages in carrying out humanitarian aid, reflecting people’s livelihood needs, and resolving social contradictions.
三、关于红十字会的改革创新
Ⅲ. Reform and Innovation of the Red Cross
《意见》提出了三方面要求：一是要建立与社会主义市场经济体制和国际人道主义原则相适应的体制机制，强调通过改革和完善红十字会内部治理结构，创新管理模式，强化民主决策机制，提高组织执行能力等措施，探索建立“ 高效、透明、规范”的管理体制和运行机制;二是要求各级红十字会按照规定严格执行信息公开制度，做到资金募集、财务管理、招标采购、分配使用等捐赠信息的公开透明，切实保障捐赠人和社会公众的知情权、监督权，同时要求将红十字会的信息化建设纳入各地信息化建设总体规划，通过信息化手段着力打造公开透明的红十字会;三是全面建立综合性监督体系，强调要建立和完善法律监督、政府监督、社会监督、自我监督相结合的综合性监督体系，同时要求监察、审计部门加强对红十字会的监察、审计，要建立绩效考评和问责机制，严格实行责任追究。
Three requirements are brought up by the Opinions. Firstly, an organizational structure that is aligned with China’s socialist market system as well as the international humanitarian principles should be set up, and an efficient, transparent and normative management system should be established on the basis of reform and improvement of Red Cross governance, innovation of management model and democratic decision-making and strengthening of executive capacity. Secondly, organizations of all levels of Red Cross must adhere to the rules of information disclosure, make the information of funds-raising, financial management, bidding and procurement, and funds allocation public and transparent, respect the rights of donors and the public to know and supervise, and build up openness and transparency with information-based means by including the informatization of Red Cross into the local informatization undertakings of all regions. Lastly, a comprehensive supervision system must be established to integrate self-monitoring with the government as well as civil watchdogs, and meanwhile supervision and auditing authorities are required to strengthen monitoring over the Red Cross and set up performance assessment and accountability mechanisms.
四、关于红十字会的法定职责
Ⅳ. Legal Obligations of the Red Cross
《意见》从五个方面支持红十字会依法履行职责：一是应急救援，强调要建立健全红十字应急救援体系，加强备灾工作，依托志愿人员建立各类专业救援队伍，依法保障红十字会组织社会力量执行国内国际应急救援任务;二是建立红十字应急救护培训长效机制，充分发挥红十字会在公众参与的应急救护培训中的主体作用，支持红十字会在重点领域和行业开展相关培训;三是支持红十字会面向困难群体开展符合其宗旨的人道救助工作;四是加强无偿献血、造血干细胞捐献、遗体和人体器官捐献工作;五是积极开展国际人道援助和港澳台交流合作，强调要将红十字会的对外人道援助工作纳入国家对外援助整体部署，并加强与香港、澳门红十字会以及台湾红十字组织的交流与合作。
The Opinions provides support for the fulfillment of legal obligations of the Red Cross from five aspects. Firstly, the Opinions emphasizes the establishment of an emergency rescue system to guarantee Red Cross capacity in pooling social resources to carry out emergency rescue missions both home and abroad in legal term; it further advocates the strengthening of disaster preparedness work and the establishment of specialized disaster response teams based on the capacity of volunteers. Secondly, the Opinions requires that a long term Red Cross emergence rescue training mechanism should be established, so as to give full play to the leading role of the Red Cross in public-participated first aid trainings and to support Red Cross training in prioritized areas and professions. Thirdly, the Opinions advocates assistance programs that conform to humanitarian purposes and aim at vulnerable groups. Fourthly, the Opinions encourages the promotion of voluntary donation of blood, hematopoietic stem cell, and body and organ. Lastly, the Opinions advocates for more Red Cross participation in international humanitarian programs, integration of Red Cross international operations into the overall national international aid system, and more exchange and cooperation with counterparts from Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.
五、关于红十字会的组织队伍建设
Ⅴ. Team building of the Red Cross
《意见》从四个方面提出了要求：一是组织建设，强调要理顺管理体制，加强市、县级红十字会的组织机构建设，在乡村、街道、社区、学校等积极发展红十字志愿服务组织;二是法人治理结构，强调要优化理事会、常务理事会人员构成，提高执行委员会的执行力，完善专家咨询论证制度，健全民主决策程序，强化决策和监督职能;三是人才队伍职业化，强调要创新选人用人机制，通过公开选拔、竞争上岗等多种方式充实红十字会管理队伍，通过招聘项目人员等方式充实专业人才队伍;四是志愿者队伍，强调要将红十字志愿服务工作纳入当地志愿服务工作整体规划和公共文明指数测评体系，建立和完善按专业、分领域的红十字志愿服务体系。
The Opinions brings up four requirements on team building of the Red Cross. Firstly, with respect to organizational development, it is required that municipal and county-level networks should be strengthened and voluntary organizations in rural areas and communities and schools be established. Secondly, with respect to legal person management system, the Opinions requires that the personnel of Red Cross Council and Executive Council be optimized, enhance the executive capacity of the Executive Committee, improve the expert advisory system and democratic decision-making systems so as to strengthen the decision-making and monitoring. Thirdly, with respect to the building of talent team, the Opinions stresses the innovation of talent selection system and encourages the enrichment the Red Cross’ management and professional staff through professional means such as public employment and competitive tests. Lastly, with respect to the team of volunteers, the Opinions requires that the Red Cross’s voluntary work be included into the overall voluntary service planning of local authorities and a voluntary service system comprising different specialized sectors be set up.
六、关于红十字事业发展的社会环境
Ⅵ. Social Environment Required for the Red Cross’ Development
《意见》强调要营造有利于红十字事业发展的法制环境、政策环境和舆论环境。在法制环境方面，《意见》指出要加强执法监督检查，保障红十字会依法办会，依法履责，同时要推动修订和完善相关法律法规，依法查处擅自使用或滥用、篡改红十字标志的违法行为。
The Opinions requires that favorable environment of law, policy, and public opinion should be created. With respect to legal environment, the Opinions points out that the oversight of enforcement of the Red Cross Law must be under strict supervision to ensure legal guarantee of the Red Cross work. At the same time, the Opinions aims at improving relevant laws and regulations to investigate and punish acts of illegal use or abuse of the Red Cross emblem.
七、关于红十字会的资金管理
Ⅶ. Funds Management of the Red Cross
《意见》从四个方面作了规定：一是红十字会应将财政拨款资金和社会捐赠资金分开管理，对于使用捐赠资金开展人道救助工作所产生的实际成本，可从捐赠资金中据实列支，并向社会公开，但要严格限制列支额度和使用范围;二是各级政府要根据红十字会的法定职能，逐步增加对红十字事业的经费投入，保障红十字会依法履行职责;三是建立并完善政府向包括红十字会在内的社会组织购买服务制度，推动红十字事业可持续发展;四是对资金使用情况进行绩效考评，严格资金管理，提高使用效益。
The Opinions brings up four requirements with regard to the funds management of the Red Cross. Firstly, the Red Cross must manage governmental grants and public donation separately. The costs for carrying out humanitarian work supported by donated funds can be disbursed but must be made known to the public and must be limited in terms of amount and purpose. Secondly, governments of various levels should, according to the legal functions of the Red Cross, increase their financial support in a gradual manner to guarantee the Red Cross’ ability to perform its legal duties. Thirdly, the mechanism of service purchase should be set up, under which the government is the buyer that is supposed to purchase service from social organizations such as the Red Cross, so as to guarantee a sustainable Red Cross cause. Lastly, a performance evaluation mechanism must be set up to ensure efficient use of fund.
女士们，先生们，《意见》是新时期发展红十字事业的纲领性文件，对中国红十字会的性质、定位、法定职责以及未来的改革方向和保障措施都做了重要的阐述。围绕贯彻落实《意见》，中国红十字会将秉承人道使命，依托自身覆盖面广、动员力强、与群众密切联系的优势，广泛参与到国家的经济、政治、社会、文化和生态的全面建设和发展中去，做出应有的贡献。
Ladies and gentlemen, The Opinions is a guidance document for the Red Cross development in the new era, outlining the RCSC’s nature, positioning, core businesses, direction of its reform and supporting measures. With the implementation of the Opinions, the RCSC will uphold its humanitarian mission, and make due contribution to the overall national economic, political, social, cultural and ecological development based on its widespread network, strong force of mobilization and extensive connections with the public.
中国红十字会开展活动的合法性来源于“三重赋权”。一是国家赋权。依据《中华人民共和国红十字会法》、《中华人民共和国突发事件应对法》等法律规定，中国各级红十字会是政府在人道领域的得力助手，履行国内相关法律赋予的职责和义务。政府对红十字会给予支持和资助，并对其进行监督;二是社会公众的赋权。根据民事委托或公益信托的法律原则，接受捐赠人、红十字会员等社会公众的委托赋权，履行人道主义受托人的权利和义务，同时接受社会公众、新闻媒体的监督;三是国际红十字运动的赋权。依据《日内瓦公约》及其附加议定书的规定，履行国际人道法赋予的职责和义务。在遵循国际红十字运动基本原则的前提下，中国红十字会独立自主地开展工作，履行成员职责，享有成员权利。
The legitimacy of the RCSC’s activities stems from threefold empowerment. The first is the empowerment by the state. According to the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Red Cross Society and Emergency Response Law of the People's Republic of China, Red Cross organizations at all levels in China are a favorable auxiliary to the government, and carries out its responsibilities and obligations as conferred by relevant domestic laws. Government provides support and grants to the Red Cross and oversees its work; The second is the empowerment by the public. Based on legal principles of civil entrustment or public trust, the RCSC is entrusted by the public such as donors and Red Cross members to perform its humanitarian rights and duties, and in the mean time accepts the oversight of the public and the news media; The third is the empowerment by the International Movement. In light of the International Humanitarian Law, particularly the Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols have rendered, the RCSC, abiding by the fundamental principles of the International Movement, carries out it work independently, performs its obligations and enjoys its right as a member of the Movement.
面对未来，中国红十字会的改革势在必行，只有改革才能应对我们所面临的种种挑战，只有改革才能适应未来人道工作的需要。我想介绍一下我们未来一个时期贯彻落实《意见》和深化改革的三个重点：
Looking into the future, reform is a must for the Red Cross Society of China to cope with various challenges. Reform is the only way to address the myriads of challenges we face and to better prepare to meet the humanitarian needs. I would like to share with you the three priorities of RCSC to implement the Opinions and further reform in near future.
第一，加快推进体制机制创新，为事业长远发展提供有力支撑。《意见》明确提出“建立与社会主义市场经济体制和国际人道主义原则相适应的体制机制”，这是我们努力的重要方向。体制机制创新主要涵盖三个方面：一是处理好与政府的关系，切实发挥好政府在人道工作领域的助手作用。重点是从法律、规划、政策、投入等多方面，争取各级政府进一步加大对人道工作的支持和保障力度，并接受政府的监督;二是形成由政府、社会组织、企业、媒体和公众参与的合作伙伴关系。重点是建立高效的工作机制，健全相应的公开透明机制和社会监督体系，促进利益相关方共同参与和支持红十字事业;三是着力改善红会系统内部的治理结构和管理制度。重点是形成民主决策机制、高效的执行机制和全方位的监督机制，以及夯实基层组织建设、规范品牌管理、完善会员和志愿者制度、加强职业化人才建设和建立起严格的项目管理和款物管理制度等。
The first priority is to speed up institutional innovation so as to provide a sound foundation for long-term development of the Red Cross. The Opinions indicates clearly that “to establish a system that corresponds with the socialist market economy system and international humanitarian values”, this is where we should go. Institutional innovation implies three aspects: first, to establish a proper relationship with the government. To be a good auxiliary to the government in the humanitarian field, more efforts shall be made to gain support from government at all levels in various ways including legal support, planning, policy and investment etc. Supervision from the government is welcomed. Second, to establish cooperation and partnership involving government departments, social organizations, enterprises, media and the public. Priority is to establish a highly efficient operational mechanism by improving transparency and social accountability, involving stakeholders to participate in and support Red Cross work; third, make efforts to improve governance and management of the Red Cross. Priority is to set up a democratic decision-making system, establish an efficient executive mechanism and all-round monitoring system, strengthen grassroots network development, improve brand management, strengthen membership and volunteer management, improve professionalism of its human resource, and develop strict system on program management and donation management.
深入推进体制机制创新的载体是综合改革。包括：一是加强战略研究和顶层设计。我们借助专家力量，启动了红十字事业发展的战略研究，并希望全面梳理和完善相关的法律、规划、政策和制度，对未来一个时期红十字会工作的定位、职责、体制、品牌、人才、投入等多方面予以明确和保障。二是主动参与国家的社会组织综合改革试点，并纳入到国家“十二五”时期重点领域改革规划(2011-2015年)和国务院2012年经济体制改革重点中。三是围绕管理体制、治理结构、人才保障、监督体系等重点议题和关键环节，开展先导性的改革研讨和实践。这将有力推动红十字会的体制机制改革创新，并为中国的社会组织建设和管理形成探索和示范。
The way leading to further institutional innovation is to reform comprehensively, which includes the following: First is to strengthen strategic study and top-level design With the support form experts, we have launched a strategic research of organization development of Red Cross and we hope to sort out and improve the legal, regulations, policy and system. We wish to clarify and protect the positioning, responsibilities, systems, brands, personnel and input from Red Cross Society of China. Second is to actively take part in the pilot comprehensive reform of national social organization and to be incorporated into the reform priorities of the 12th national five-year-plan(2011-2015) and the State Council's 2012 economic reform focus. Third is to start the study and practice on the key topics of the management system, governance structure, personnel protection and supervision mechanism. This will push forward the reform and innovation of institutional mechanisms of the RCSC, and the formation of the exploration and demonstration for the construction and management of Chinese social organizations.
第二，突出重点，切实做精做强核心业务。红十字会的宗旨是保护人的生命和健康，核心业务大体上可以概括为“三救”(应急救援、应急救护、人道救助)、“三献”(献血液、献造血干细胞、献人体器官组织)和国际人道援助合作与港澳台交流。
The second priority is to be focused and strengthen the core business. The Red Cross mission is to protect human life and health, the core business in general can be summarized as "three saves" (emergency rescue, first aid and humanitarian aid), "three offers" ( blood donation, hematopoietic stem cells donation, human organs donation) and humanitarian assistance co-operation with international partners and those from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.
对于中国红十字会的核心业务，《红十字会法》有专门的表述，在国务院《意见》中对此进一步细化和明晰。这些核心业务大都属于公共服务的范畴，是红十字会作为一个人道组织的重要使命和责任。我们将围绕这些法定的核心业务，更加突出重点，进一步做精、做实、做强。
There is further clarification and refinement of the core businesses of the Red Cross Society of China in the paper of the State Council on the basis of the stipulation of the Red Cross Law. The core businesses of Red Cross Society of China mostly fall into the public sector with an important mission and responsibilities as a humanitarian organization. We will try to focus our work on the statutory core businesses, and further to be refined, solid, and strong.
第三，加强职业化和信息化，全面提升红十字会的工作水平。人才和信息是一项事业发展的关键要素。未来一个时期红十字会的改革与发展，将以职业化和信息化作为战略举措。在职业化方面，我们已经启动了干部人事制度改革，通过公开选拔、竞争上岗、公开选聘项目工作人员、加强人才培养与激励、广泛建立专家智库、扩大国际交流等多个方面稳步推进。在信息化方面， 我们将围绕建立综合信息集成、决策支持、综合业务应用、信息服务与发布等四个平台，筹划和推进信息管理系统的建设，全面提升红十字工作的信息化水平。
Third, strengthen professionalism and informationization to raise the overall quality of the work of the Red Cross. Individual ability and information are crucial to the development of a career. This period of reform and development will strategically focus on professionalism and informationization. Regarding professionalism, we have already begun reforming the cadre and personnel systems through open selection, competitive tests, and open employment of project staff, strengthening personnel training and motivation, establishing an expert think tank, and expanding international exchange. Regarding informationization, we will focus on the establishment of comprehensive information integration, decision support, integrated business applications, information services and release platforms in order to plan and promote construction of information management systems, raising the quality and efficiency of informational technology in the RCSC.
下面，我和我的同事愿意回答大家的提问。谢谢大家!
Now, my colleagues and I would like to answer your questions. Thank you