21.aid, help, assist
用作动词均可表“帮助”。
aid为正式用词,help最常用。
assist最正式,表示协助某人做某事,尤指在体力上或具体事务上帮助和扶持。如:She employed a woman to assist her with the housework. (她雇了一名妇女帮她做家务。)
22.alive, living, live
alive 指虽有死的可能,但仍活着,一般只作表语。
living可用于人或物,作定语时可前可后。
live只做前置定语,用于动物和个别事物前。
23.almost, nearly 一般说来,almost比nearly 表示的意思更接近“开始”、“完成” (目标)等。在all, every, always 前,两者都可用。如:He is almost (nearly) smoking.(他几乎每天抽烟。)
almost可同never, no, nobody, none, nothing 连用,而nearly却不能。如:Almost no one believed her. (几乎没人相信他。)
24.alone, lonely
alone只表“独自”的客观状态,没有感情色彩,只作表语;lonely表“孤独”,:“寂寞“,能作定语和表语。如:When she is left alone, she feels lonely. (剩下她一人时她就感到寂寞。)
alone, only均可表“只有”,但alone须置于被修饰词之后,only往往置于被修饰词前。
如:He alone (Only he) can remember the story. (只有他才能记起这段经历。)
25.already, all ready
already已经(副词)。如:The plane had already landed before we got to the airport.
all ready准备好的(作表语)。如:We were all ready to leave when the telephone rang.