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UriMatcher种

发布时间: 2012-07-02 17:46:22 作者: rapoo

UriMatcher类

UriMatcher类

??? 在Content Provider中该类帮助匹配URI。

1.?????? 构造函数:创建URI树的根节点

a)?????? Public UriMatcher():默认根节点编码为-1;

b)?????? Public UriMatcher(int code):code参数指定根节点的编码。

2.?????? 方法

a)?????? Public void addURI(String authority,String path,int code)

添加一个用于匹配的URI,当匹配成功时则code。URI可以是精确的字符串,uri中带有*表示可匹配任意text,#表示只能匹配数字。

Authority:用于匹配的域名;

Path:匹配路径,*表示text的占位符,#表示使用数字的占位符;

Code:当使用匹配成功后返回code,值需要大于0,否则抛出IllegalArgument异常。

此方法将authority按照”/”进行拆分,然后将拆分后的每一部分保存到UriMatcher类型的ArrayList中;在添加的时候会判断当前authority是否已经添加过,若已加则break;若未添加过,则判断是否含有”#”则将其标识成1代表域名后面跟随的是数字;”*”标识成2,代表域名后面跟随的是文本;0代表后面没有跟随数据;最后创建一个新的UriMatcher对象添加到集合中。

b)?????? Public int match(Uri uri)

尝试在url中匹配相对应的路径

Uri:指定需要匹配的url;

返回值:在使用addURI时产生的code,若没有匹配则返回-1。

使用uri. getPathSegments()获取uri中各段存入list中,若list size为0或uri的Authority为null则返回默认值(此默认值在new时指定,若为指定则为-1);

然后遍历ArrayLis<UriMatcher>进行匹配uri。

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1.Uri

通用资源标志符(Universal Resource Identifier, 简称"URI")。

Uri代表要操作的数据,Android上可用的每种资源 - 图像、视频片段等都可以用Uri来表示。

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URI一般由三部分组成:

访问资源的命名机制。?

存放资源的主机名。?

资源自身的名称,由路径表示。?

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AndroidUri由以下三部分组成: "content://"、数据的路径、标示ID(可选)

举些例子,如:?

所有联系人的Uri content://contacts/people

某个联系人的Uri: content://contacts/people/5

所有图片Uri: content://media/external

某个图片的Uricontent://media/external/images/media/4

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我们很经常需要解析Uri,并从Uri中获取数据。

Android系统提供了两个用于操作Uri的工具类,分别为UriMatcher 和ContentUris 。

虽然这两类不是非常重要,但是掌握它们的使用,会便于我们的开发工作。

下面就一起看一下这两个类的作用。

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2.UriMatcher

UriMatcher 类主要用于匹配Uri.

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使用方法如下。

首先第一步,初始化:

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1.? UriMatcher?matcher?=?new?UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);??

[java] view plaincopyprint?

1.? UriMatcher?matcher?=?new?UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);??

第二步注册需要的Uri:

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1.? matcher.addURI("com.yfz.Lesson",?"people",?PEOPLE);??

2.? matcher.addURI("com.yfz.Lesson",?"person/#",?PEOPLE_ID);??

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1.? matcher.addURI("com.yfz.Lesson",?"people",?PEOPLE);??

2.? matcher.addURI("com.yfz.Lesson",?"person/#",?PEOPLE_ID);??

第三部,与已经注册的Uri进行匹配:

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1.? Uri?uri?=?Uri.parse("content://"?+?"com.yfz.Lesson"?+?"/people");??

2.? int?match?=?matcher.match(uri);??

3.? ???????switch?(match)??

4.? ???????{??

5.? ???????????case?PEOPLE:??

6.? ???????????????return?"vnd.android.cursor.dir/people";??

7.? ???????????case?PEOPLE_ID:??

8.? ???????????????return?"vnd.android.cursor.item/people";??

9.? ???????????default:??

10.? ???????????????return?null;??

11.? ???????}??

[java] view plaincopyprint?

1.? Uri?uri?=?Uri.parse("content://"?+?"com.yfz.Lesson"?+?"/people");??

2.? int?match?=?matcher.match(uri);??

3.? ???????switch?(match)??

4.? ???????{??

5.? ???????????case?PEOPLE:??

6.? ???????????????return?"vnd.android.cursor.dir/people";??

7.? ???????????case?PEOPLE_ID:??

8.? ???????????????return?"vnd.android.cursor.item/people";??

9.? ???????????default:??

10.? ???????????????return?null;??

11.? ???????}??

match方法匹配后会返回一个匹配码Code,即在使用注册方法addURI时传入的第三个参数。

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上述方法会返回"vnd.android.cursor.dir/person".

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总结:?

--常量 UriMatcher.NO_MATCH 表示不匹配任何路径的返回码

--# 号为通配符

--* 号为任意字符

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另外说一下,官方SDK说明中关于Uri的注册是这样写的:

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1.? private?static?final?UriMatcher?sURIMatcher?=?new?UriMatcher();??

2.? ????static??

3.? ????{??

4.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people",?PEOPLE);??

5.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#",?PEOPLE_ID);??

6.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/phones",?PEOPLE_PHONES);??

7.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/phones/#",?PEOPLE_PHONES_ID);??

8.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/contact_methods",?PEOPLE_CONTACTMETHODS);??

9.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/contact_methods/#",?PEOPLE_CONTACTMETHODS_ID);??

10.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/deleted_people",?DELETED_PEOPLE);??

11.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/phones",?PHONES);??

12.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/phones/filter/*",?PHONES_FILTER);??

13.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/phones/#",?PHONES_ID);??

14.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/contact_methods",?CONTACTMETHODS);??

15.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/contact_methods/#",?CONTACTMETHODS_ID);??

16.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("call_log",?"/calls",?CALLS);??

17.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("call_log",?"/calls/filter/*",?CALLS_FILTER);??

18.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("call_log",?"/calls/#",?CALLS_ID);??

19.? ????}??

[java] view plaincopyprint?

1.? private?static?final?UriMatcher?sURIMatcher?=?new?UriMatcher();??

2.? ????static??

3.? ????{??

4.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people",?PEOPLE);??

5.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#",?PEOPLE_ID);??

6.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/phones",?PEOPLE_PHONES);??

7.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/phones/#",?PEOPLE_PHONES_ID);??

8.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/contact_methods",?PEOPLE_CONTACTMETHODS);??

9.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/contact_methods/#",?PEOPLE_CONTACTMETHODS_ID);??

10.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/deleted_people",?DELETED_PEOPLE);??

11.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/phones",?PHONES);??

12.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/phones/filter/*",?PHONES_FILTER);??

13.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/phones/#",?PHONES_ID);??

14.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/contact_methods",?CONTACTMETHODS);??

15.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/contact_methods/#",?CONTACTMETHODS_ID);??

16.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("call_log",?"/calls",?CALLS);??

17.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("call_log",?"/calls/filter/*",?CALLS_FILTER);??

18.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("call_log",?"/calls/#",?CALLS_ID);??

19.? ????}??

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这个说明估计已经是Google官方没有更新,首先是初始化方法,没有传参,那么现在初始化时,实际是必须传参的。 可以看一下Android2.2的源码,无参数的构造方法已经是private的了。

另外就是addURI这个方法,第二个参数开始时不需要"/", 否则是无法匹配成功的。

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3.ContentUris

ContentUris 类用于获取Uri路径后面的ID部分

1)为路径加上ID: withAppendedId(uri, id)

比如有这样一个Uri

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1.? Uri?uri?=?Uri.parse("content://com.yfz.Lesson/people")??

[java] view plaincopyprint?

1.? Uri?uri?=?Uri.parse("content://com.yfz.Lesson/people")??

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通过withAppendedId方法,为该Uri加上ID

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1.? Uri?resultUri?=?ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri,?10);??

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1.? Uri?resultUri?=?ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri,?10);??

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最后resultUri为: content://com.yfz.Lesson/people/10

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2)从路径中获取ID: parseId(uri)

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1.? Uri?uri?=?Uri.parse("content://com.yfz.Lesson/people/10")??

2.? long?personid?=?ContentUris.parseId(uri);??

[java] view plaincopyprint?

1.? Uri?uri?=?Uri.parse("content://com.yfz.Lesson/people/10")??

2.? long?personid?=?ContentUris.parseId(uri);??

最后personid 为 :10

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附上实验的代码:

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1.? package?com.yfz;??

2.? import?com.yfz.log.Logger;??

3.? import?android.app.Activity;??

4.? import?android.content.ContentUris;??

5.? import?android.content.UriMatcher;??

6.? import?android.net.Uri;??

7.? import?android.os.Bundle;??

8.? public?class?Lesson_14?extends?Activity?{??

9.? ??????????

10.? ????????private?static?final?String?AUTHORITY?=?"com.yfz.Lesson";??

11.? ????????private?static?final?int?PEOPLE?=?1;??

12.? ????????private?static?final?int?PEOPLE_ID?=?2;??

13.? ??????????

14.? ????????//NO_MATCH表示不匹配任何路径的返回码??

15.? ????????private?static?final?UriMatcher?sURIMatcher?=?new?UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);??

16.? ????????static??

17.? ????????{??

18.? ????????????sURIMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,?"people",?PEOPLE);??

19.? ??????????????

20.? ????????????//这里的#代表匹配任意数字,另外还可以用*来匹配任意文本??

21.? ????????????sURIMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,?"people/#",?PEOPLE_ID);??

22.? ????????}??

23.? ??????????

24.? ????????@Override??

25.? ????????protected?void?onCreate(Bundle?savedInstanceState)?{??

26.? ????????????super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);??

27.? ????????????Logger.d("------?Start?Activity?!!!?------");??

28.? ??????????????

29.? ????????????Uri?uri1?=?Uri.parse("content://"?+?AUTHORITY?+?"/people");??

30.? ????????????Logger.e("Uri:"?+?uri1);??

31.? ????????????Logger.d("Match?1"?+?getType(uri1));??

32.? ??????????????

33.? ????????????Uri?uri2?=?Uri.parse("content://"?+?AUTHORITY?+?"/people"?+?"/2");??

34.? ??????????????

35.? ????????????Logger.e("Uri:"?+?uri2);??

36.? ????????????Logger.d("Match?2"?+?getType(uri2));??

37.? ??????????????

38.? ????????????//拼接Uri??

39.? ????????????Uri?cUri?=?ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri1,?15);??

40.? ????????????Logger.e("Uri:"?+?cUri);??

41.? ????????????//获取ID??

42.? ????????????long?id?=?ContentUris.parseId(cUri);??

43.? ????????????Logger.d("Uri?ID:?"?+?id);??

44.? ????????}??

45.? ??????????

46.? ????????private?String?getType(Uri?uri)?{??

47.? ????????????int?match?=?sURIMatcher.match(uri);??

48.? ????????????switch?(match)??

49.? ????????????{??

50.? ????????????????case?PEOPLE:??

51.? ????????????????????return?"vnd.android.cursor.dir/person";??

52.? ????????????????case?PEOPLE_ID:??

53.? ????????????????????return?"vnd.android.cursor.item/person";??

54.? ????????????????default:??

55.? ????????????????????return?null;??

56.? ????????????}??

57.? ????????}??

58.? }?

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