Android平台和java平台 DES加密解密互通程序及其不能互通的原因
网上的demo一搜一大堆，但是，基本上都是一知半解（包括我）。为什么呢？我在尝试分别在两个平台加密的时候，竟然发现Android DES 加密和java DES加密的程序不能互通。就是加密的结果不一样，更不要说Android平台的加密输入作为java DES的解密输出了。这样的话，客户端和服务器端就不能进行通信了。我网上之前也发帖子问了不少人，但是回答都不满意。
今天部门的另外一个同事跟我说了一下，才解决了这个不能互通的问题。
调用DES加密算法包最精要的就是下面两句话：
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key, zeroIv);
CBC是工作模式，DES一共有电子密码本模式（ECB）、加密分组链接模式（CBC）、加密反馈模式（CFB）和输出反馈模式（OFB）四种模式，
PKCS5Padding是填充模式，还有其它的填充模式：
然后，cipher.init（)一共有三个参数：Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key, zeroIv，zeroIv就是初始化向量，一个8为字符数组。
工作模式、填充模式、初始化向量这三种因素一个都不能少。否则，如果你不指定的话，那么就要程序就要调用默认实现。问题就来了，这就与平台有关了。难怪网上一搜"DES加密结果不一致“，出现n多网页结果。（之前我并没有指定IV，被折磨了2周）
源程序如下（从java平台到android平台，我根本没有更改一行代码）：
另外，一般情况下，加密后的结果都会用base64编码进行传输。
java平台:主程序public class testDES { /** * @param args * @throws Exception */ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String key = "12345678"; String text = "12345678"; String result1 = DES.encryptDES(text,key); String result2 = DES.decryptDES(result1, key); System.out.println(result1); System.out.println(result2); } } public class testDES {/** * @param args * @throws Exception */public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {// TODO Auto-generated method stubString key = "12345678";String text = "12345678";String result1 = DES.encryptDES(text,key);String result2 = DES.decryptDES(result1, key);System.out.println(result1);System.out.println(result2);}}用到的DES加密类import javax.crypto.Cipher; import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec; import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec; import javax.crypto.Cipher;import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;public class DES { private static byte[] iv = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}; public static String encryptDES(String encryptString, String encryptKey) throws Exception { // IvParameterSpec zeroIv = new IvParameterSpec(new byte[8]); IvParameterSpec zeroIv = new IvParameterSpec(iv); SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(encryptKey.getBytes(), "DES"); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES/CBC/PKCS5Padding"); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key, zeroIv); byte[] encryptedData = cipher.doFinal(encryptString.getBytes()); return Base64.encode(encryptedData); } public static String decryptDES(String decryptString, String decryptKey) throws Exception { byte[] byteMi = new Base64().decode(decryptString); IvParameterSpec zeroIv = new IvParameterSpec(iv); // IvParameterSpec zeroIv = new IvParameterSpec(new byte[8]); SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(decryptKey.getBytes(), "DES"); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES/CBC/PKCS5Padding"); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, zeroIv); byte decryptedData[] = cipher.doFinal(byteMi); return new String(decryptedData); } } public class DES {private static byte[] iv = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8};public static String encryptDES(String encryptString, String encryptKey) throws Exception {//IvParameterSpec zeroIv = new IvParameterSpec(new byte[8]);IvParameterSpec zeroIv = new IvParameterSpec(iv);SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(encryptKey.getBytes(), "DES");Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key, zeroIv);byte[] encryptedData = cipher.doFinal(encryptString.getBytes()); return Base64.encode(encryptedData);}public static String decryptDES(String decryptString, String decryptKey) throws Exception {byte[] byteMi = new Base64().decode(decryptString);IvParameterSpec zeroIv = new IvParameterSpec(iv);//IvParameterSpec zeroIv = new IvParameterSpec(new byte[8]);SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(decryptKey.getBytes(), "DES");Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, zeroIv);byte decryptedData[] = cipher.doFinal(byteMi); return new String(decryptedData);}}用到的BASE64工具类：view plaincopy to clipboardprint?import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; public class Base64 { private static final char[] legalChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/".toCharArray(); /** * data[]进行编码 * @param data * @return */ public static String encode(byte[] data) { int start = 0; int len = data.length; StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(data.length * 3 / 2); int end = len - 3; int i = start; int n = 0; while (i <= end) { int d = ((((int) data[i]) & 0x0ff) << 16) | ((((int) data[i + 1]) & 0x0ff) << 8) | (((int) data[i + 2]) & 0x0ff); buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 18) & 63]); buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 12) & 63]); buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 6) & 63]); buf.append(legalChars[d & 63]); i += 3; if (n++ >= 14) { n = 0; buf.append(" "); } } if (i == start + len - 2) { int d = ((((int) data[i]) & 0x0ff) << 16) | ((((int) data[i + 1]) & 255) << 8); buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 18) & 63]); buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 12) & 63]); buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 6) & 63]); buf.append("="); } else if (i == start + len - 1) { int d = (((int) data[i]) & 0x0ff) << 16; buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 18) & 63]); buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 12) & 63]); buf.append("=="); } return buf.toString(); } private static int decode(char c) { if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') return ((int) c) - 65; else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') return ((int) c) - 97 + 26; else if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') return ((int) c) - 48 + 26 + 26; else switch (c) { case '+': return 62; case '/': return 63; case '=': return 0; default: throw new RuntimeException("unexpected code: " + c); } } /** * Decodes the given Base64 encoded String to a new byte array. The byte * array holding the decoded data is returned. */ public static byte[] decode(String s) { ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); try { decode(s, bos); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(); } byte[] decodedBytes = bos.toByteArray(); try { bos.close(); bos = null; } catch (IOException ex) { System.err.println("Error while decoding BASE64: " + ex.toString()); } return decodedBytes; } private static void decode(String s, OutputStream os) throws IOException { int i = 0; int len = s.length(); while (true) { while (i < len && s.charAt(i) <= ' ') i++; if (i == len) break; int tri = (decode(s.charAt(i)) << 18) + (decode(s.charAt(i + 1)) << 12) + (decode(s.charAt(i + 2)) << 6) + (decode(s.charAt(i + 3))); os.write((tri >> 16) & 255); if (s.charAt(i + 2) == '=') break; os.write((tri >> 8) & 255); if (s.charAt(i + 3) == '=') break; os.write(tri & 255); i += 4; } } } import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.OutputStream;public class Base64 {private static final char[] legalChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/".toCharArray();/** * data[]进行编码 * @param data * @return */ public static String encode(byte[] data) { int start = 0; int len = data.length; StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(data.length * 3 / 2); int end = len - 3; int i = start; int n = 0; while (i <= end) { int d = ((((int) data[i]) & 0x0ff) << 16) | ((((int) data[i + 1]) & 0x0ff) << 8) | (((int) data[i + 2]) & 0x0ff); buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 18) & 63]); buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 12) & 63]); buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 6) & 63]); buf.append(legalChars[d & 63]); i += 3; if (n++ >= 14) { n = 0; buf.append(" "); } } if (i == start + len - 2) { int d = ((((int) data[i]) & 0x0ff) << 16) | ((((int) data[i + 1]) & 255) << 8); buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 18) & 63]); buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 12) & 63]); buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 6) & 63]); buf.append("="); } else if (i == start + len - 1) { int d = (((int) data[i]) & 0x0ff) << 16; buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 18) & 63]); buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 12) & 63]); buf.append("=="); } return buf.toString(); } private static int decode(char c) { if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') return ((int) c) - 65; else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') return ((int) c) - 97 + 26; else if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') return ((int) c) - 48 + 26 + 26; else switch (c) { case '+': return 62; case '/': return 63; case '=': return 0; default: throw new RuntimeException("unexpected code: " + c); } } /** * Decodes the given Base64 encoded String to a new byte array. The byte * array holding the decoded data is returned. */ public static byte[] decode(String s) { ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); try { decode(s, bos); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(); } byte[] decodedBytes = bos.toByteArray(); try { bos.close(); bos = null; } catch (IOException ex) { System.err.println("Error while decoding BASE64: " + ex.toString()); } return decodedBytes; } private static void decode(String s, OutputStream os) throws IOException { int i = 0; int len = s.length(); while (true) { while (i < len && s.charAt(i) <= ' ') i++; if (i == len) break; int tri = (decode(s.charAt(i)) << 18) + (decode(s.charAt(i + 1)) << 12) + (decode(s.charAt(i + 2)) << 6) + (decode(s.charAt(i + 3))); os.write((tri >> 16) & 255); if (s.charAt(i + 2) == '=') break; os.write((tri >> 8) & 255); if (s.charAt(i + 3) == '=') break; os.write(tri & 255); i += 4; } } }adnroid平台的主函数：public class main extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); String key = "12345678"; String text = "12345678"; try { String result1 = DES.encryptDES(text,key); String result2 = DES.decryptDES(result1, key); Log.i("DES encode text is ", result1); Log.i("DES encode text is ", result2); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } } public class main extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); String key = "12345678";String text = "12345678";try {String result1 = DES.encryptDES(text,key);String result2 = DES.decryptDES(result1, key);Log.i("DES encode text is ", result1);Log.i("DES encode text is ", result2);} catch (Exception e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} }}通过查看log日志就可以看到结果。两个平台的结果是一样的，都是：加密结果：X2p9Uo45Tzk6Ntu6W7Ev+Q==解密结果：12345678