gentoo系统安装记录
这里是最直接的安装方法，官方文档：
http://www.gentoo.org/doc/zh_cn/handbook/handbook-x86.xml
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可能你会遇到个不爽的问题：
grub-install --no-floppy /dev/sda 时候
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end_request: I/O error, dev fd0, sector 0
end_request: I/O error, dev fd0, sector 0
Buffer I/O error on device fd0,logical block 0
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可能你等了很久会有反应，但是那样很不爽，这样吧，Ctr+C终结
nano /boot/grub/device.map
在列表中删除fd0
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下面备份一下安装过程：
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# 配置网络环境ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.150 netmask 255.255.255.0 uproute add default gw 192.168.0.1echo nameserver 192.168.0.253> /etc/resolv.confecho nameserver 192.168.0.254 >> /etc/resolv.conf# 看是否能通ping -c 3 www.gentoo.org# 修改root密码passwd# abc123 abc123#启动/etc/init.d/sshd start# ssh远程，如果不方便原机器操作#=========================================================================# 分区fdisk /dev/sda# Disk /dev/sda: 999.7 GB, 999653638144 bytes# 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121534 cylinders# Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes# Disk identifier: 0x698ef8db Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 1 14 112423+ 83 Linux/dev/sda2 15 276 2104515 83 Linux/dev/sda3 277 9729 75931222+ 83 Linux#=========================================================================# 格式化mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda1mkswap /dev/sda2mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda3# 激活交换分区swapon /dev/sda2 # 挂载分区mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/gentoomkdir /mnt/gentoo/bootmount /dev/sda1 /mnt/gentoo/bootscp lighttpd@192.168.0.129:/home/lighttpd/stage3-i486-20100413.tar.bz2 .scp lighttpd@192.168.0.129:/home/lighttpd/portage-20100413.tar.bz2 .# links http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml# 下载 /pub/gentoo/releases/x86/current-iso/stage3-i686-20091006.tar.bz2 # 下载 /pub/gentoo/releases/x86/current-iso/stage3-i686-20091006.tar.bz2.DIGESTS # 下载 /pub/gentoo/releases/snapshots/current/portage-latest.tar.bz2# 下载 /pub/gentoo/releases/snapshots/current/portage-latest.tar.bz2.md5sum# 解压mv stage3-i486-20100413.tar.bz2 /mnt/gentoo/mv portage-20100413.tar.bz2 /mnt/gentoo/cd /mnt/gentootar xvjpf stage3-i486-20100413.tar.bz2tar -xvjf portage-20100413.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/gentoo/usr#=========================================================================mirrorselect -i -o >> /mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf#=========================================================================mirrorselect -i -r -o >> /mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf#=========================================================================# 拷贝DNS信息cp -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/# 挂载/proc和/dev文件系统mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/procmount -o bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev# chroot到新环境里chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bashenv-updatesource /etc/profileexport PS1="(chroot) $PS1"＃更新Portage树emerge --sync# 如果系统警告你有一个新版本的Portage可用，你可以使用emerge --oneshot portage来更新它。eselect profile list# 切换profileeselect profile set 6#=========================================================================nano -w /etc/locale.gen{en_US ISO-8859-1en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8zh_CN GB18030zh_CN.GBK GBKzh_CN.GB2312 GB2312zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8 }#=========================================================================# 运行locale-gen。它会产生所有你在/etc/locale.gen文件里指定的locale。 locale-gen编辑全局变量# nano -w /etc/env.d/02locale{LANG="en_US"LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"}env-update && source /etc/profile修改系统语言localeexport LANG=en_USexport LC_CTYPE=zh_CN.UTF-8locale# 7.a. 时区cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime# 安装内核源码# 如果有内核源码就不用下面的命令来下载了emerge gentoo-sourcescd /usr/src/linuxmake menuconfig# 编译内核make && make modules_installcp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/kernel-2.6.30-gentoo-r6# 8. 配置系统nano -w /etc/fstab# NOTE: If your BOOT partition is ReiserFS, add the notail option to opts.{/dev/sda1 /boot ext3 defaults,noatime 1 2/dev/sda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0#/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0}# 设定主机名nano -w /etc/conf.d/hostname# Set to the hostname of this machineHOSTNAME="gentoo_0"nano -w /etc/conf.d/net{modules=( "ifconfig" )config_eth0=( "192.168.0.150 netmask 255.255.255.0 brd 192.168.0.255" )routes_eth0=( "default via 192.168.0.1" )}# 添加net.eth0到默认的运行级别rc-update add net.eth0 default# 设置root密码passwd# 必要安装系统日志工具emerge syslog-ngrc-update add syslog-ng default# 可选：Cron守护进程emerge vixie-cronrc-update add vixie-cron default# 可选：文件索引emerge slocate# 实用工具emerge usbutilsemerge pciutils# USE="-gtk" emerge evms# 配置引导程序# 安装GRUBemerge grub# 创建/boot/grub/grub.confnano -w /boot/grub/grub.conf{default 0timeout 30#splashimage=(hd0,0)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gztitle Gentoo Linux 2.6.32-gentoo-r7root (hd0,0)kernel /boot/kernel-2.6.32-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/sda3#kernel /boot/kernel-2.6.30-gentoo-r6 root=/dev/sda3 video=uvesafb:mtrr:3,ywrap,1024x768-32@85title Gentoo Linux 2.6.32-gentoo-r7 (rescue)root(hd0,0)kernel /boot/kernel-2.6.32-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/sda3 init=/bb}# 创建/etc/mtab grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab# 执行grub-install ，可能会遇到问题：nano /boot/grub/device.map 删除fd0，这是一个已知的BUGgrub-install --no-floppy /dev/sda# 卸载所有分区和重启exitcdumount /mnt/gentoo/boot /mnt/gentoo/dev /mnt/gentoo/proc /mnt/gentooreboot? 1 楼 iammonster 2010-04-20 开机自启动：rc-update add sshd default