JDK5.0新特性系列---7.使用ProcessBuilder执行本地命令
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import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.BufferedWriter;import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map; /** * 在J2SE5.0之前使用Runtime的exec方法执行本地命令. * 在J2Se5.0之后,可以使用ProcessBuilder执行本地命令 * 它提供的功能更加丰富,能够设置设置工作目录、环境变量等 * 本例PorcessBuilder执行Windows操作系统的"ipconfig/all"命令,获取本机网卡的MAC地址*//**关键技术剖析 * 用本命令名和命令的参数选项构造ProcessBuilder对象,它的start方法执行命令,启动一个进程,返回一个Process对象 * ProcessBuilder的environment方法获得运行进程的环境变量,得到一个Map,可以修改环境变量 * ProcessBuilder的directory方法切换工作目录 * Process的getInputStream方法获得进程的标准输出流,getErrorStream方法获得进程的错误输出流*/public class UsingProcessBuilder { /**获取Windows系统下的网卡的MAC地址*/ public static List<String> getPhysicalAddress(){ Process p = null; List<String> address = new ArrayList<String>(); //物理网卡列表 try{ p = new ProcessBuilder("ipconfig","/all").start(); //执行ipconfig/all命令 }catch(IOException e){ return address; } byte[] b = new byte[1024]; int readbytes = -1; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); //读取进程输出值 //在JAVA IO中,输入输出是针对JVM而言,读写是针对外部数据源而言 InputStream in = p.getInputStream(); try{ while((readbytes = in.read(b)) != -1){ sb.append(new String(b,0,readbytes)); } }catch(IOException e1){ }finally { try{ in.close(); }catch (IOException e2){ } } //以下是分析输出值,得到物理网卡 String rtValue = sb.toString(); int i = rtValue.indexOf("Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :"); while (i > 0){ rtValue = rtValue.substring(i + "Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :".length()); address.add(rtValue.substring(1,18)); i = rtValue.indexOf("Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :"); } return address; } /**执行自定义的一个命令,该命令放在C:/temp下,并且需要两个环境变量的支持*/ public static boolean executeMyCommand1(){ //创建系统进程创建器 ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder("myCommand","myArg1","myArg2"); Map<String, String> env = pb.environment(); //获得进程的环境 //设置和去除环境变量 env.put("VAR1", "myValue"); env.remove("VAR0"); env.put("VAR2", env.get("VAR1") + ";"); //迭代环境变量,获取属性名和属性值 Iterator it=env.keySet().iterator(); String sysatt = null; while(it.hasNext()) { sysatt = (String)it.next(); System.out.println("System Attribute:"+sysatt+"="+env.get(sysatt)); } pb.directory(new File("C:/temp")); try{ Process p = pb.start(); //得到进程实例 //等待进程执行完毕 if(p.waitFor() != 0){ //如果进程运行结果不为0,表示进程是错误退出的 //获得进程实例的错误输出 InputStream error = p.getErrorStream(); //do something } InputStream sdin = p.getInputStream(); //获得进程实例的标准输出 //do something }catch(IOException e){ }catch(InterruptedException e){ } return true; } public static void executeMyCommand2(){ ProcessBuilder pb = null; String sysatt = null; try { //创建一个进程示例 pb = new ProcessBuilder("cmd.exe"); //获取系统参数并打印显示 Map<String, String> env = pb.environment(); Iterator it=env.keySet().iterator(); while(it.hasNext()) { sysatt = (String)it.next(); System.out.println("System Attribute:"+sysatt+"="+env.get(sysatt)); } //设置工作目录 pb.directory(new File("d://myDir")); Process p = pb.start(); //将要执行的Windows命令写入 BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(newOutputStreamWriter(p.getOutputStream())); //'/r/n'是必须写入的 bw.write("test.bat /r/n"); bw.write("ping -t www.yahoo.com.cn /r/n"); //flush()方法是必须调用的 bw.flush(); //将执行结果打印显示 InputStream is = p.getInputStream(); InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is, "GBK"); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr); String line; while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println(line); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void main(String[] args){ List<String> address = UsingProcessBuilder.getPhysicalAddress(); for(String add : address){ System.out.printf("物理网卡地址: %s%n",add); } executeMyCommand1(); executeMyCommand2(); }}