Apache + Tomcat 负载均衡与集群配置
Apache + Tomcat 负载均衡与集群配置
-------------------------------------
1. 准备
下载 Apache Http Server
http://labs.renren.com/apache-mirror//httpd/binaries/win32/httpd-2.2.19-win32-x86-no_ssl.msi
下载 Tomcat
http://apache.etoak.com/tomcat/tomcat-6/v6.0.32/bin/apache-tomcat-6.0.32-windows-x86.zip
2. 安装 Apache Http Server
安装完成后, 配置 conf/httpd.conf
2.1 配置HTTP端口:
Listen 80
2.2 配置负载均衡, 去掉注释符#:
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.soLoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.soLoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.soLoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.soLoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.soLoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.soLoadModule proxy_scgi_module modules/mod_proxy_scgi.so
2.3 配置虚拟主机, 去掉注释符#:
Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
2.3 配置首页
<IfModule dir_module> DirectoryIndex index.htm index.html index.jsp</IfModule>
2.4 配置负载均衡, 在最后面加上:
ProxyRequests Off<proxy balancer://cluster>BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:8009 loadfactor=1 route=tomcat1BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9009 loadfactor=1 route=tomcat2ProxySet lbmethod=byrequests timeout=15</proxy>
2.5 配置 conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
2.5.1 注释所有虚拟主机节点:
2.5.2 添加虚拟主机, 注意格式:
<VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin amos_tl@126.com ServerName localhost ServerAlias localhost ProxyPass / balancer://cluster/ stickysession=JSESSIONID|jsessionid nofailover=Off ProxyPassReverse / balancer://cluster/</VirtualHost>
3. 安装 Tomcat
解压后, 将目录取名 tomcat1, 再复制一份取名tomcat2.
3.1 配置tomcat1:
配置 tomcat1/conf/server.xml
3.1.1 配置负载均衡路由, 增加 jvmRoute="tomcat1" :
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1">
3.1.2 配置集群, 去掉集群节点的注释符
3.1.3 配置端口, 去掉注释符:
<!-- See proxy documentation for more information about using this. --> <Connector port="8082" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75" enableLookups="false" acceptCount="100" connectionTimeout="20000" proxyPort="80" disableUploadTimeout="true" />
3.2 配置tomcat2:
配置 tomcat2/conf/server.xml
3.2.1 配置负载均衡路由, 增加 jvmRoute="tomcat2" :
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat2">
3.2.2 配置集群, 去掉集群节点的注释符, 修改Cluster|Receiver|tcpListenPort为4002.
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.ReplicationListener" tcpListenAddress="auto" tcpListenPort="4002" tcpSelectorTimeout="100" tcpThreadCount="6"/>
3.2.3 修改相关端口,避免与tomcat1 端口冲突:
<Server port="9005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"><!-- Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080 --> <Connector port="9080" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75" enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100" connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" /><!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 --> <Connector port="9009" enableLookups="false" redirectPort="9443" protocol="AJP/1.3" /> <!-- Define a Proxied HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8082 --> <!-- See proxy documentation for more information about using this. --> <Connector port="9082" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75" enableLookups="false" acceptCount="100" connectionTimeout="20000" proxyPort="80" disableUploadTimeout="true" />
4. ADSL 用户, 断开ADSL连接
5. 部署测试应用 到 tomcat1, tomcat2 webapps目录:
5.1 test.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@ page import="java.util.Enumeration, java.util.Date" %><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>负载均衡</title></head><body>Server Info:<%out.println(request.getLocalAddr() + " : " + request.getLocalPort()+"<br>");%><% out.println("<br> ID " + session.getId()+"<br>"); String dataName = request.getParameter("dataName"); if (dataName != null && dataName.length() > 0) { String dataValue = request.getParameter("dataValue"); session.setAttribute(dataName, dataValue); } out.print("<b>Session 列表</b><br />"); Enumeration e = session.getAttributeNames(); while (e.hasMoreElements()) { String name = (String)e.nextElement(); String value = session.getAttribute(name).toString(); out.println( name + " = " + value+"<br>"); System.out.println( name + " = " + value); }%><form action="test.jsp" method="POST">名称:<input type=text size=20 name="dataName"><br />值:<input type=text size=20 name="dataValue"> <br /><input type=submit></form><% System.out.println(new Date());%></body></html>5.2 配置应用 WEB-INF/web.xml, 增加<distributable />
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"><display-name>cluster</display-name><distributable /><welcome-file-list><welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file><welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file><welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file><welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file><welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file><welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file></welcome-file-list></web-app>
6. 测试
3.1 启动tomcat1, tomcat2, 然后启动apache.
6.2 打开测试页面:
http://localhost/cluster/test.jsp
6.3
输入aa aa 提交
输入bb bb 提交
输入cc cc 提交
输入dd dd 提交
输入ee ee 提交
输入ff ff 提交
结果:
可以看到, 请求分别轮流由tomcat1, tomcat2处理, 负载均衡成功,同时session 进行了复制,说明集群配置成功.