求snmp4j-agentx的使用经验及示例！
不知那位大哥有没有使用过snmp4j-agentx来开发相关的网络监控的应用呀，snmp4j-agentx虽然开源，但对于其使用却没有多少说明，只有一个简单的API的文档，小弟我看了那个根本不知道无从下手呀！希望高手们给点经验及意见，有Demo的更好呀，谢谢！
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up
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怎么解决呀!关注!!!
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严重支持开源snmp4j
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顶啊，我也是很关注snmp4j这个东东啊！
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利用snmp4j开源包来获取指定OID的信息(SNMPv3)
第一步测试Main方法：
- Java code
public class MainSnmpWalk{ static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(MainSnmpWalk.class); public MainSnmpWalk(){ } public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException{ //建立一个SNMPv2c PDU,它会从system(1.3.6.1.2.1.1)OID开始游走// SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("192.168.100.10","1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0");//物理位置// SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("127.0.0.1",".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.2");//RAM// SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("127.0.0.1","1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.6");//Hard Disk// SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("127.0.0.1",".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.5.1.1.1");//CPU Utilization // SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("127.0.0.1","1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1");//也含本机物理总内存 //cpu:1.3.6.1.2.1.25.5.1.1.1 //memory:1.3.6.1.2.1.25.5.1.1.2 //得到的是每个进程的的内存使用值 //1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.1 //一个比较通用的看设备CPU利用率的OID值。取最后一分钟的平均值。 // Linux下可以.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2和.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.5这两个值试试 //==================================================== //.1.3.6.1.4.1.311.1.1.3.1.1.1.2.0 // SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("127.0.0.1","1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1");//系统描述// SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("127.0.0.1","1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.7.0");//本机物理总内存// SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("127.0.0.1",".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2");//列出系统进程// SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("127.0.0.1",".1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.2.25.1.1");//列出系统用户列表// SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("127.0.0.1",".1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.4.1");//列出域名(工作组)// SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("127.0.0.1",".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.6.3.1.2");//列出安装的软件 // SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("127.0.0.1",".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2"); //SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("127.0.0.1",".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2");//当前进程列表 //可用的内存数量: .1.3.6.1.4.1.311.1.1.3.1.1.1.2.0 //磁盘利用率的OID: .1.3.6.1.4.1.311.1.1.3.1.1.5.1.3.0 //CPU的利用率: .1.3.6.1.4.1.311.1.1.3.1.1.2.1.3.1.48.0 //发送的字节数(包括组帧字符): 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.16.1 //收到的字节数(包括组帧字符): 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10.1 //cpuPercentProcessorTime .1.3.6.1.4.1.311.1.1.3.1.1.2.1.3 //memoryAvailableKBytes (OID: .1.3.6.1.4.1.311.1.1.3.1.1.1.29) //memoryAvailableMBytes (OID: .1.3.6.1.4.1.311.1.1.3.1.1.1.30) //================================================================================== // log.debug("Doing SNMPv2 walk.."); //1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6.0// SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("192.168.100.57","1.3.6.1.2.1.1.4.0");//1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0// String str = walk.doWalk();// log.debug("主方法str: "+ str); //================================================================================== /** * 在Windows操作系统上默认是没有安装snmp协议的，需要安装snmp，安装细节较简单，这里不再描述 * 1.在Windows上安装好了snmp之后，它默认是不支持SNMPv3的，需要重新安装一个SNMPv3的代理 * 2.在Windows上直接安装软件：snmpv3agent setup.exe并配置好安全名称(用户)、认证协订、认证密码、保密协定以及保密密码 * 3.设置好了之后，在代码里直接相对应就OK了. */ //.1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.2.25.1.1 //1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0 // 用来设定安全名称(用户)、认证协订、认证的通行密码、保密协定以及保密的通行密码 log.debug("doing snmpv3 walk.."); //建立一个snmpv3c pdu,它会以kschmidt做为安全名称,md5做为认证协定 SnmpWalk walk = new SnmpWalk("192.168.100.10","1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6.0","zmq","MD5","mysnmpzmq","DES","mysnmpzmq"); String str3 = walk.doWalk(); log.debug("主方法str: "+ str3); }}
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第三部分:
- Java code
public class SnmpUtil extends Thread implements PDUFactory, CommandResponder { private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(SnmpUtil.class); public static final int DEFAULT = 0; public static final int WALK = 1; private Target _target; private Address _address; private OID _authProtocol; private OID _privProtocol; private OctetString _privPassphrase; private OctetString _authPassphrase; private OctetString _community = new OctetString("mysnmp");//你自己的community private OctetString _contextEngineID; //SnmpEngineId s = null; private OctetString _contextName = new OctetString(); private OctetString _securityName = new OctetString(); private static Snmp _snmp = null; private int _numThreads = 1; private int _port = 0; private ThreadPool _threadPool = null; private boolean _isReceiver = false; private OctetString _authoritativeEngineID = new OctetString("1234567"); private TransportMapping _transport = null; private TimeTicks _sysUpTime = new TimeTicks(0); private OID _trapOID = new OID("1.3.6.1.4.1.****"); private int _version = 0; private int _retries = 1; private int _timeout = 4000; private int _pduType = 0; private Vector _vbs = new Vector(); protected int _operation = DEFAULT; static { if (System.getProperty("log4j.configuration") == null) { BasicConfigurator.configure(); } } public SnmpUtil(String host, String varbind, boolean receiver, int type) { _version = SnmpConstants.version2c; _isReceiver = receiver; if (type == 2) { _pduType = PDU.INFORM; } else if (type == 1) { _pduType = PDU.TRAP; } else if (type == 0) { _pduType = PDU.SET; } setPort(); if (!_isReceiver) { init(host, varbind); } else { initReceiver(host); } } // 用来设定安全名称(用户)、认证协订、认证的通行密码、保密协定以及保密的通行密码 // 保密的通行密码、认证的通行密码以及用户在内部都会被储成一个OctetString(与String不同,OctetString被实作成一个 // 与字符集无关的位元组字串) // 认证和保密协定在内部会被储存成OIDs public SnmpUtil(String host, String varbind, String user, String authProtocol, String authPasshrase, String privProtocol, String privPassphrase, boolean receiver, int type) { _version = SnmpConstants.version3; _isReceiver = receiver; _privPassphrase = new OctetString(privPassphrase); _authPassphrase = new OctetString(authPasshrase); _securityName = new OctetString(user); if (authProtocol.equals("MD5")) { _authProtocol = AuthMD5.ID; } else if (authProtocol.equals("SHA")) { _authProtocol = AuthSHA.ID; } if (privProtocol.equals("DES")) { _privProtocol = PrivDES.ID; } else if ((privProtocol.equals("AES128")) || (privProtocol.equals("AES"))) { _privProtocol = PrivAES128.ID; } else if (privProtocol.equals("AES192")) { _privProtocol = PrivAES192.ID; } else if (privProtocol.equals("AES256")) { _privProtocol = PrivAES256.ID; } if (type == 2) { _pduType = PDU.INFORM; } else if (type == 1) { _pduType = PDU.TRAP; } else if (type == 0) { _pduType = PDU.SET; } setPort(); if (!_isReceiver) { init(host, varbind); } else { initReceiver(host); } } public void setVersion(int version) { _version = version; } public void setOperation(int operation) { _operation = operation; if (_operation == WALK) { log.debug("==setOperation is=="+operation);// _pduType = PDU.GETNEXT; _pduType = PDU.GET; } } public int getOperation() { return _operation; } public int getPduType() { return _pduType; } public void setPort() { if (_pduType == PDU.INFORM || _pduType == PDU.TRAP || _isReceiver) { _port = 162; } else { _port = 161; } } public void init(String host, String varbind) { _vbs = getVariableBinding(varbind); if (_pduType == PDU.INFORM || _pduType == PDU.TRAP) { checkTrapVariables(_vbs); } _address = new UdpAddress(host + "/" + _port); LogFactory.setLogFactory(new Log4jLogFactory()); BER.setCheckSequenceLength(false); } public Vector getVariableBindings() { return _vbs; } // 如果使用的是SNMPv3,则会调用addUsmUser(snmp)方法,以便把一个用户加入此期程.<<BB // 接着会呼叫createTarget() private void addUsmUser(Snmp snmp) { snmp.getUSM().addUser( _securityName, new UsmUser(_securityName, _authProtocol, _authPassphrase, _privProtocol, _privPassphrase)); } // 第一步:创建一个SNMP期程(session),如果使用的是SNMPv3,则会调用addUsmUser(snmp)方法=============AA private Snmp createSnmpSession() throws IOException { AbstractTransportMapping transport; if (_address instanceof TcpAddress) { transport = new DefaultTcpTransportMapping(); } else { transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping(); } // Could save some CPU cycles: // transport.setAsyncMsgProcessingSupported(false); Snmp snmp = new Snmp(transport); if (_version == SnmpConstants.version3) { USM usm = new USM(SecurityProtocols.getInstance(), new OctetString(MPv3.createLocalEngineID()), 0); SecurityModels.getInstance().addSecurityModel(usm); addUsmUser(snmp); } return snmp; } // 建立一个目标:这所建立的若不是一个SNMPv3,就是一个SNMPv1和SNMPv2 private Target createTarget() {// CC if (_version == SnmpConstants.version3) { UserTarget target = new UserTarget(); if (_authPassphrase != null) { if (_privPassphrase != null) { target.setSecurityLevel(SecurityLevel.AUTH_PRIV); } else { target.setSecurityLevel(SecurityLevel.AUTH_NOPRIV); } } else { target.setSecurityLevel(SecurityLevel.NOAUTH_NOPRIV); } target.setSecurityName(_securityName); return target; } else { CommunityTarget target = new CommunityTarget(); target.setCommunity(_community); return target; } } // 一旦我们从createTarget()返回，send()方法会为该目标设定版本、位址、逾时和尝试次数等值 // 它还会让所有的传输对映(transport mappings)进入监听模式,这确保我们能够回应SNMP引擎所发现到的请求 public PDU send() throws IOException { _snmp = createSnmpSession(); this._target = createTarget(); _target.setVersion(_version); _target.setAddress(_address); _target.setRetries(_retries); _target.setTimeout(_timeout); _snmp.listen(); PDU request = createPDU(_target); for (int i = 0; i < _vbs.size(); i++) { request.add((VariableBinding) _vbs.get(i)); } PDU response = null; if (_operation == WALK) { response = walk(_snmp, request, _target); } else { ResponseEvent responseEvent; long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); responseEvent = _snmp.send(request, _target); if (responseEvent != null) { response = responseEvent.getResponse(); log.debug("=第241行==responseEvent.getResponse()===: " + responseEvent.getResponse()); log.debug("Received response after " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " millis"); } } _snmp.close(); return response; }
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- Java code
//续接上面第三部分:/** * 将十进六制转换成为中文 */ private static String hexString="0123456789ABCDEF"; public static String toStringHex(String bytes){ ByteArrayOutputStream baos=new ByteArrayOutputStream(bytes.length()/2); //将每2位16进制整数组装成一个字节 for(int i=0;i<bytes.length();i+=2){ baos.write((hexString.indexOf(bytes.charAt(i))<<4 |hexString.indexOf(bytes.charAt(i+1)))); } return new String(baos.toByteArray()); } protected static String printVariableBindings(PDU response) { String strCom=""; for (int i = 0; i < response.size(); i++) { VariableBinding vb = response.get(i); String[] str= vb.getVariable().toString().toUpperCase().split(":"); String strOut = ""; int intLength = str.length; log.debug("长度==> "+ intLength); for(int j=0; j<intLength; j++){ strOut += str[j]; } log.debug("==第270=vb.getOid()="+vb.getOid()); System.out.println("==第283行=vb.getVariable()="+vb.getVariable()); strCom += vb.getVariable(); if(str.length!=1){ log.debug("==第284行=vb.getVariable()="+ toStringHex(strOut));//显示中文 } } return strCom; } protected static String printReport(PDU response) { if (response.size() < 1) { System.out .println("REPORT PDU does not contain a variable binding."); return ""; } VariableBinding vb = response.get(0); OID oid = vb.getOid(); if (SnmpConstants.usmStatsUnsupportedSecLevels.equals(oid)) { log.info("REPORT: Unsupported Security Level."); } else if (SnmpConstants.usmStatsNotInTimeWindows.equals(oid)) { log.info("REPORT: Message not within time window."); } else if (SnmpConstants.usmStatsUnknownUserNames.equals(oid)) { log.info("REPORT: Unknown user name."); } else if (SnmpConstants.usmStatsUnknownEngineIDs.equals(oid)) { log.info("REPORT: Unknown engine id."); } else if (SnmpConstants.usmStatsWrongDigests.equals(oid)) { log.info("REPORT: Wrong digest."); } else if (SnmpConstants.usmStatsDecryptionErrors.equals(oid)) { log.info("REPORT: Decryption error."); } else if (SnmpConstants.snmpUnknownSecurityModels.equals(oid)) { log.info("REPORT: Unknown security model."); } else if (SnmpConstants.snmpInvalidMsgs.equals(oid)) { log.info("REPORT: Invalid message."); } else if (SnmpConstants.snmpUnknownPDUHandlers.equals(oid)) { log.info("REPORT: Unknown PDU handler."); } else if (SnmpConstants.snmpUnavailableContexts.equals(oid)) { log.info("REPORT: Unavailable context."); } else if (SnmpConstants.snmpUnknownContexts.equals(oid)) { log.info("REPORT: Unknown context."); } else { log.info("REPORT contains unknown OID (" + oid.toString()+ ")."); } System.out.println(" Current counter value is " + vb.getVariable().toString() + "."); return vb.getVariable().toString(); } // 可以为SNMPv3建立一个ScopedPDU,或是为SNMPv1和SNMPv2c建立一个PDU // 它会为ScopedPDU设定context Name和context Engine ID. // 最后传回的PDU，会被当成变数request,而且捎后可供其它方法使用 public PDU createPDU(Target target) { PDU request; if (_target.getVersion() == SnmpConstants.version3) { request = new ScopedPDU(); ScopedPDU scopedPDU = (ScopedPDU) request; if (_contextEngineID != null) { scopedPDU.setContextEngineID(_contextEngineID); } if (_contextName != null) { scopedPDU.setContextName(_contextName); } } else { request = new PDU(); } request.setType(_pduType); return request; } private Vector getVariableBinding(String varbind) { Vector v = new Vector(varbind.length()); String oid = null; char type = 'i'; String value = null; int equal = varbind.indexOf("={"); if (equal > 0) { oid = varbind.substring(0, equal); type = varbind.charAt(equal + 2); value = varbind.substring(varbind.indexOf('}') + 1); } else { v.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(varbind))); return v; } VariableBinding vb = new VariableBinding(new OID(oid)); if (value != null) { Variable variable; switch (type) { case 'i': variable = new Integer32(Integer.parseInt(value)); break; case 'u': variable = new UnsignedInteger32(Long.parseLong(value)); break; case 's': variable = new OctetString(value); break; case 'x': variable = OctetString.fromString(value, ':', 16); break; case 'd': variable = OctetString.fromString(value, '.', 10); break; case 'b': variable = OctetString.fromString(value, ' ', 2); break; case 'n': variable = new Null(); break; case 'o': variable = new OID(value); break; case 't': variable = new TimeTicks(Long.parseLong(value)); break; case 'a': variable = new IpAddress(value); break; default: throw new IllegalArgumentException("Variable type " + type + " not supported"); } vb.setVariable(variable); } v.add(vb); return v; } // 继createPDU()方法后 // 因为request是一个PDU实体，呼叫get(0)会传回一个VariableBinding. // 在一个VariableBinding上呼叫getOid()会为VariableBinding取得它的OID private static PDU walk(Snmp snmp, PDU request, Target target) throws IOException { request.setNonRepeaters(0); OID rootOID = request.get(0).getOid();// 首先取得root OID PDU response = null; int objects = 0; int requests = 0; long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 该代码段会按字典编纂顺序在我们想要游走的MIB树中取回下一个物件,以及从目标取得回应. // 如查回应为null,则我们不会收到回应 do { requests++; ResponseEvent responseEvent = _snmp.send(request, target); response = responseEvent.getResponse(); if (response != null) { objects += response.size(); } } while (!processWalk(response, request, rootOID)); log.info("Total requests sent: " + requests); log.info("Total objects received: " + objects); log.info("Total walk time: " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " milliseconds"); return response; } // 如果我们抵达MIB的结尾、收到一个错误讯息，或是所收到的回应在我们所游走的MIB中并未按照字典编纂次序，则返回true // 否则印出目标送来的结果。在请求物件中对所收到的OID进行编码，所以当我们送出下一个请求时，目标将会(按字典编纂次序) // 传送给我们树中下一个OID，如果存在的话 private static boolean processWalk(PDU response, PDU request, OID rootOID) { if ((response == null) || (response.getErrorStatus() != 0) || (response.getType() == PDU.REPORT)) { return true; } boolean finished = false; OID lastOID = request.get(0).getOid(); for (int i = 0; (!finished) && (i < response.size()); i++) { VariableBinding vb = response.get(i); if ((vb.getOid() == null) || (vb.getOid().size() < rootOID.size()) || (rootOID.leftMostCompare(rootOID.size(), vb.getOid()) != 0)) { finished = true; } else if (Null.isExceptionSyntax(vb.getVariable().getSyntax())) { System.out.println(vb.toString()); finished = true; } else if (vb.getOid().compareTo(lastOID) <= 0) { log.info("Variable received is not lexicographic successor of requested one:"); log.info(vb.toString() + " <= " + lastOID); finished = true; } else { log.info(vb.toString());// 这里显示结果的 lastOID = vb.getOid(); } } if (response.size() == 0) { finished = true; } if (!finished) { VariableBinding next = response.get(response.size() - 1); next.setVariable(new Null()); request.set(0, next); request.setRequestID(new Integer32(0)); } return finished; }
[解决办法]
- Java code
//续接上面类:SnmpUtilpublic void initReceiver(String host) { Address address = new UdpAddress(host + "/" + _port); try { _transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping((UdpAddress) address); } catch (IOException ioex) { log.info("Unable to bind to local IP and port: " + ioex); System.exit(-1); } // 使用_numThreads建立一个执行绪集区以便回应送进来的traps讯息 _threadPool = ThreadPool.create(this.getClass().getName(), _numThreads); // 将一个SNMPv2c讯息处理模型加入MessageDispatcher MessageDispatcher mtDispatcher = new MultiThreadedMessageDispatcher( _threadPool, new MessageDispatcherImpl()); // add message processing models,加入讯息处理模型 mtDispatcher.addMessageProcessingModel(new MPv1()); mtDispatcher.addMessageProcessingModel(new MPv2c()); // add all security protocols,加信所有的安全协定 SecurityProtocols.getInstance().addDefaultProtocols(); _snmp = new Snmp(mtDispatcher, _transport); if (_snmp != null) { _snmp.addCommandResponder(this); } else { log.info("Unable to create Target object"); System.exit(-1); } if (_version == SnmpConstants.version3) { mtDispatcher.addMessageProcessingModel(new MPv3()); MPv3 mpv3 = (MPv3) _snmp .getMessageProcessingModel(MessageProcessingModel.MPv3); // 为了接收找寻请求,我们还会建立一个USM项目以及一个本地引擎识别代号 USM usm = new USM(SecurityProtocols.getInstance(), new OctetString( mpv3.createLocalEngineID()), 0); SecurityModels.getInstance().addSecurityModel(usm); if (_authoritativeEngineID != null) { _snmp.setLocalEngine(_authoritativeEngineID.getValue(), 0, 0); } this.addUsmUser(_snmp); } } // 此类别的用户端会呼叫listen()以便开始一个期程 public synchronized void listen() { try { _transport.listen();// listen()被呼叫时,会让让程式进入等待状态 } catch (IOException ioex) { System.out.println("Unable to listen: " + ioex); System.exit(-1); } System.out.println("Waiting for traps.."); try { this.wait();// Wait for traps to come // in,等待traps讯息被送进来,//当有讯息被送进来时,processPdu()会被调用 } catch (InterruptedException ex) { log.info("Interrupted while waiting for traps: " + ex); System.exit(-1); } } // 当有讯息被送进来时,processPdu()会被调用 // 负责处理送进来的请求,因为SnmpWalk支援SNMPv3,所以我们必须能够回应来自权威SNMP引擎的找寻请求 public synchronized void processPdu(CommandResponderEvent e) { PDU command = e.getPDU(); if (command != null) { this.printVariableBindings(command); //String[] str = command.get(0).getVariable().toString().toUpperCase().split(":"); log.debug("这是==> "+command.toString()); if ((command.getType() != PDU.TRAP) && (command.getType() != PDU.V1TRAP) && (command.getType() != PDU.REPORT) && (command.getType() != PDU.RESPONSE)) { command.setErrorIndex(0); command.setErrorStatus(0); command.setType(PDU.RESPONSE); StatusInformation statusInformation = new StatusInformation(); StateReference ref = e.getStateReference(); try { e.getMessageDispatcher().returnResponsePdu( e.getMessageProcessingModel(), e.getSecurityModel(), e.getSecurityName(), e.getSecurityLevel(), command, e.getMaxSizeResponsePDU(), ref, statusInformation); } catch (MessageException ex) { log.info("Error while sending response: " + ex.getMessage()); } } } } public String sendAndProcessResponse() { try { PDU response = this.send(); if ((getPduType() == PDU.TRAP) || (getPduType() == PDU.REPORT) || (getPduType() == PDU.V1TRAP) || (getPduType() == PDU.RESPONSE)) { log.info(PDU.getTypeString(getPduType())+ " sent successfully"); return PDU.getTypeString(getPduType()); } else if (response == null) { log.info("Request timed out."); return "Request timed out"; } else if (response.getType() == PDU.REPORT) { return printReport(response); } else if (getOperation() == WALK) { log.info("End of walked subtree '" + ((VariableBinding) getVariableBindings().get(0)) .getOid() + "' reached at:"); return printVariableBindings(response); } else { log.info("Received something strange: requestID=" + response.getRequestID() + ", errorIndex=" + response.getErrorIndex() + ", " + "errorStatus=" + response.getErrorStatusText() + "(" + response.getErrorStatus() + ")"); return printVariableBindings(response); } } catch (IOException ex) { log.info("Error while trying to send request: " + ex.getMessage()); ex.printStackTrace(); return "s"; } } private void checkTrapVariables(Vector vbs) { if ((_pduType == PDU.INFORM) || (_pduType == PDU.TRAP)) { if ((vbs.size() == 0) || ((vbs.size() > 1) && (!((VariableBinding) vbs.get(0)) .getOid().equals(SnmpConstants.sysUpTime)))) { vbs.add(0, new VariableBinding(SnmpConstants.sysUpTime, _sysUpTime)); } if ((vbs.size() == 1) || ((vbs.size() > 2) && (!((VariableBinding) vbs.get(1)) .getOid().equals(SnmpConstants.snmpTrapOID)))) { vbs.add(1, new VariableBinding(SnmpConstants.snmpTrapOID, _trapOID)); } } }}
[解决办法]
opennms我在研究这，也没资料
[解决办法]
当然也可用工具:mibble-2.8.tar.gz来小试一下
[解决办法]
开源这种东西demo很完备的 从这里入手吧