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git 服务器筹建 （git smart http）

发布时间： 2012-09-17 12:06:51 作者： rapoo

git 服务器搭建 （git smart http）

服务器 UBUNTU 11.04 （写了一下操作步骤， 理论网上找吧， 我也说不清楚， 呵）


(FIXME: 服务器上操作)


1. 更新当前系统

rdserver@server249:~/Desktop$ sudo apt-get update

rdserver@server249:~/Desktop$ sudo apt-get upgrade

2. 安装 OpenSSH

检查本机上是否已经运行ssh服务
rdserver@server249:~/Desktop$ ps -e | grep ssh


如果没有， 则安装
rdserver@server249:~/Desktop$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server openssh-client


3. 安装 git

rdserver@server249:~/Desktop$ sudo apt-get install git-core

4. 建立空仓库

rdserver@server249:/home$ sudo mkdir /home/repo
rdserver@server249:/home$ sudo mkdir /home/repo/cold.git
rdserver@server249:/home$ cd /home/repo/cold.git/
rdserver@server249:/home/repo/cold.git$ sudo git init --bare

5. 更改仓库顶层目录权限，适用与 http协议操作

rdserver@server249:/home$ sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /home/repo/

6. 安装gitweb


rdserver@server249:~/Desktop$ sudo apt-get install gitweb


rdserver@server249:/$ sudo vi /etc/apache2/sites-available/default


{[


<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost


DocumentRoot /var/www
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>


ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
<Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None
Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
Order allow,deny
Allow from all

</Directory>

# Git configuration
SetEnv GIT_PROJECT_ROOT /home/repo
SetEnv GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
SetEnv REMOTE_USER=$REDIRECT_REMOTE_USER

# This pattern matches git operations and passes them to http-backend
ScriptAliasMatch \
"(?x)^/git/(.*/(HEAD | \
info/refs | \
objects/(info/[^/]+ | \
[0-9a-f]{2}/[0-9a-f]{38} | \
pack/pack-[0-9a-f]{40}\.(pack|idx)) | \
git-(upload|receive)-pack))$" \
/usr/lib/git-core/git-http-backend/$1

# Anything not matched above goes to displayable gitweb interface
ScriptAlias /git /usr/share/gitweb/gitweb.cgi/

# Git repository # Read-Only
<LocationMatch "^/git/.*/git-receive-pack$">
#Write access
AuthType Basic
AuthName "git repository"
AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/gitAuth/Authfile
Require valid-user
</LocationMatch>

ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log

# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
LogLevel warn

CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined

Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/"
<Directory "/usr/share/doc/">
Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>


]}


rdserver@server249:/$ sudo vi /etc/gitweb.conf

{[

# path to git projects (<project>.git)
$projectroot = "/home/repo";

# directory to use for temp files
$git_temp = "/tmp";

# target of the home link on top of all pages
$home_link = $my_uri || "/";

# html text to include at home page
$home_text = "indextext.html";

# file with project list; by default, simply scan the projectroot dir.
$projects_list = $projectroot;

# stylesheet to use
$stylesheet = "/gitweb/gitweb.css";

# logo to use
$logo = "/gitweb/git-logo.png";

# the 'favicon'
$favicon = "/gitweb/git-favicon.png";

]}


(FIXME: 客户端上操作)
8. zhang@zhang:~/Desktop/xxx$ git clone http://192.168.0.249/git/cold.git
Cloning into cold...
warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository.


(FIXME: 服务器上操作)
9. 建立私有目录， 具有读写权限

rdserver@server249:/home/repo$ sudo mkdir private

10. 在 private 目录下建立仓库链接，提供用户读写访问

rdserver@server249:/home/repo/private$ sudo ln -s ../cold.git/ cold.git

11. rdserver@server249:/home$ sudo vi /etc/apache2/sites-available/default

rdserver@server249:/home$ sudo service apache2 restart （修改了default后，都需要重启apache）

<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost

DocumentRoot /var/www
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>

ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
<Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None
#Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
Options +ExecCGI -Includes
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>

# Git configuration
SetEnv GIT_PROJECT_ROOT /home/repo
SetEnv GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
SetEnv REMOTE_USER=$REDIRECT_REMOTE_USER

# This pattern matches git operations and passes them to http-backend
ScriptAliasMatch \
"(?x)^/git/(.*/(HEAD | \
info/refs | \
objects/(info/[^/]+ | \
[0-9a-f]{2}/[0-9a-f]{38} | \
pack/pack-[0-9a-f]{40}\.(pack|idx)) | \
git-(upload|receive)-pack))$" \
/usr/lib/git-core/git-http-backend/$1

# Anything not matched above goes to displayable gitweb interface
ScriptAlias /git/ /usr/share/gitweb/gitweb.cgi/

# Git repository #Read-Only and Read-Write
<LocationMatch "^/git/.*/git-receive-pack$">
#Write access
AuthType Basic
AuthName "git repository"
AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/gitAuth/Authfile
Require valid-user
</LocationMatch>
<LocationMatch "^/git/private/.*$">
AuthType Basic
AuthName "git repository"
AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/gitAuth/Authfile
Require valid-user
</LocationMatch>

ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log

# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
LogLevel warn

CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined

Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/"
<Directory "/usr/share/doc/">
Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>

{ //鉴权文件 /etc/apache2/gitAuth/Authfile

rdserver@server249:/etc/apache2/gitAuth$ sudo htpasswd -cmb Authfile zhang 123
Adding password for user zhang

rdserver@server249:/etc/apache2/gitAuth$ sudo htpasswd -mb Authfile dala 123
Adding password for user dala

}


(FIXME: 客户端上操作)
12. 下载具有读写权限的仓库

zhang@zhang:~/Desktop/xxx$ git clone http://192.168.0.249/git/private/cold.git
Cloning into cold...
Username:
Password:
warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository.

13. 向空仓库中添加文件

zhang@zhang:~/Desktop/xxx$ cd cold/
zhang@zhang:~/Desktop/xxx/cold$ echo "Hello World" > ReadMe (添加文件ReadMe)

zhang@zhang:~/Desktop/xxx/cold$ git add .
zhang@zhang:~/Desktop/xxx/cold$ git commit -m "add file 'ReadMe'"
zhang@zhang:~/Desktop/xxx/cold$ git push origin master

14. 测试只读下载

zhang@zhang:~/Desktop/xxx$ git clone http://192.168.0.249/git/cold.git
Cloning into cold...
remote: Counting objects: 3, done.

remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)


15. 完， 哈


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