Struts1.3+Spring2.5+Hibernate3手动整合
1.首先准备好整合用的jar包
Hibernate的jar包:hibernate3.jar、lib\required下的所有jar包(共6个)、lib\optional\ehche下的ehcache-1.2.3.jar、slf4j-nop-1.5.2.jar共9个包
Spring的jar包:dist\spring.jar、lib\jakarta-commons下的commons-logging.jar、commons-dbcp.jar、commons-pool.jar、lib\aspectj下的两个jar包、lib\cglib\cglib-nodep-2.1_3.jar、lib\j2ee下的common-annotations.jar、lib\log4j\log4j-1.2.15.jar、dist\modules\spring-webmvc-struts.jar共10个包
Struts的jar包:lib下面的包除antlr-2.7.6.jar(由于Spring中已经存在一个antlr-2.7.6.jar,所以把Struts中的antlr-2.7.2.jar删除，避免jar冲突)外，全部都要，共19个
另外还有数据库驱动包,我用的是MySQL数据库,mysql-connector-java-5.0.5-bin.jar
2.在创建好的WEB项目中引入Hibernate、Spring、Struts以及数据库驱动等所必须的jar包
3.先整合Spring和Hibernate,在SpringXML配置文件中配置数据源
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"><!-- 配置数据源 --><bean id="dataSource"/><!--&是XML支持的&符号，在XML文件中一定记得转义--><property name="url"value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/czcspring?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" /><property name="username" value="root" /><property name="password" value="netjava" /><!--连接池启动时的初始值--><property name="initialSize" value="1" /><!--连接池的最大值--><property name="maxActive" value="500" /><!--最大空闲值，当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的链接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止--><property name="maxIdle" value="2" /><!--最小空闲值，当空闲的链接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些链接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请--><property name="minIdle" value="1" /></bean><context:annotation-config /></beans>
4.在SpringXML配置文件中配置Hibernate的SessionFacotry
<!-- 用于定义SessionFactory对象，对象在容器中是一个单例的形式 --><bean id="sessionFactory"ref="dataSource" /><!-- hibernate实体bean的映射文件,可以配置有多个映射文件 --><property name="mappingResources"><list><value>cn/netjava/bean/Userinfo.hbm.xml</value></list></property><!--用来配置hibernate的属性信息--><property name="hibernateProperties"><value>hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialecthibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update hibernate.show_sql=falsehibernate.format_sql=false</value></property></bean>
5.SpringXML配置文件中配置事务管理
<!-- 配置事务管理 --><bean id="txManager"ref="sessionFactory"></property></bean><!--采用@Transaction注解方式使用事务 事务管理器由txManager配置好的--><tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />
6.建立user表的pojo类
package cn.netjava.pojo;public class Userinfo {private Integer id;private String name;private Integer age;public Userinfo() {}public Userinfo(String name) {this.name = name;}public Integer getId() {return id;}public void setId(Integer id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public Integer getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(Integer age) {this.age = age;}public String toString() {return "id: " + id + " name: " + name + " age: " + age;}}7.实体Bean配置Userinfo.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN""http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-mapping><!-- 这里一定要指明不延迟加载才行 --><class name="cn.netjava.pojo.Userinfo" table="user" lazy="false"><id name="id" column="id"><generator /></id><property name="name" column="name" length="20"not-null="true"></property><property name="age" column="age" not-null="true"></property></class></hibernate-mapping>
8.创建业务层服务接口UserinfoService
package cn.netjava.service;import java.util.List;import cn.netjava.pojo.Userinfo;public interface UserinfoService {/** * 保存Userinfo * * @param user */public void save(Userinfo user);/** * 更新Userinfo * * @param user */public void update(Userinfo user);/** * 获取Userinfo * * @param userId * @return */public Userinfo getUserinfo(Integer userId);/** * 获取所有Userinfo * * @return */public List<Userinfo> getUserins();/** * 删除指定id的Userinfo * * @param userId */public void delete(Integer userId);}9.建立业务层服务类UserinfoServiceBean
package cn.netjava.service.impl;import java.util.List;import javax.annotation.Resource;import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;import cn.netjava.pojo.Userinfo;import cn.netjava.service.UserinfoService;//spring xml文件中配置事务时采用注解方式进行配置的，所以在此处我们要加上@Transaction@Transactionalpublic class UserinfoServiceBean implements UserinfoService {// 使用SpringIOC依赖注入的方式注入SessionFactory对象@Resourceprivate SessionFactory sessionFactory;public void delete(Integer userId) {sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().delete(sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().load(Userinfo.class,userId));System.out.println("用户删除成功");}@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.NOT_SUPPORTED, readOnly = true)public Userinfo getUserinfo(Integer userId) {return (Userinfo) sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().load(Userinfo.class, userId);}@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.NOT_SUPPORTED, readOnly = true)@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")// 终止警告public List<Userinfo> getUserins() {//这个hql语句里面的Userinfo不是表名，而是pojo类名字return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery("from Userinfo").list();}public void save(Userinfo user) {// 调用persist方法进行保存sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().persist(user);System.out.println("用户保存成功");}public void update(Userinfo user) {// 从Spring容器中得到当前被Spring容器管理的Session对象 调用merge方法进行更新。sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().merge(user);System.out.println("用户信息更新成功");}}最后把下面这代码加入到SpringXML配置文件中去
<bean id="userinfoService"name="code">package cn.netjava.test;import java.util.List;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;import cn.netjava.pojo.Userinfo;import cn.netjava.service.UserinfoService;public class TestUtil {private static UserinfoService userinfoService;public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");userinfoService = (UserinfoService) applicationContext.getBean("userinfoService");}public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {setUpBeforeClass();List<Userinfo> userlist = userinfoService.getUserins(); for (Userinfo u : userlist) {System.out.println(u.toString());}}}测试结果如下:
到此已经将Spring与Hibernate整合成功,接下来再整合Struts
11.在Web容器中配置Struts，即在web.xml中配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"><!-- 配置struts --><servlet><servlet-name>struts</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>config</param-name><param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>struts</servlet-name><url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern></servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list><welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file></welcome-file-list></web-app>
12.在Web容器中实例化Spring容器,在web.xml中配置如下：
<!-- 制定Spring配置文件,默认从Web根目录寻找配置文件, --><context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value></context-param><!-- 在Web容器中实例化Spring容器,并将实例放入Application范围内 --><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener>
13.建立Struts的Action文件UserinfoAction
package cn.netjava.action;import java.util.List;import javax.annotation.Resource;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.apache.struts.action.Action;import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;import cn.netjava.pojo.Userinfo;import cn.netjava.service.UserinfoService;public class UserinfoAction extends Action {public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws Exception { // 取得被放置在Application范围里边的Spring容器实例WebApplicationContext ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(this.servlet.getServletContext());// 通过Spring容器得到业务bean实例UserinfoService userinfoService = (UserinfoService) ctx.getBean("userinfoService");List<Userinfo> userinfoList = userinfoService.getUserins();System.out.println("得到总数：" + userinfoList.size());request.setAttribute("userinfoList", userinfoList);return mapping.findForward("list");}}14.建立Struts配置文件struts-config.xml,把UserinfoAction配置好
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd"><struts-config><action-mappings><action path="/userinfo" type="cn.netjava.action.UserinfoAction" scope="request"><forward name="list" path="/userinfoList.jsp" /></action></action-mappings></struts-config>
15.创建一个显示查询结果的userinfoList.jsp页面
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()+ path + "/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html><head><base href="<%=basePath%>"><title>用户信息列表</title><meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"><meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"><meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"><meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"><meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"><!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">--></head><body><h1>Test Reslut</h1><c:forEach items="${userinfoList}" var="user">ID=${user.id},Name=${user.name},Age=${user.age}<br></c:forEach></body></html>[size=medium]页面显示结果如下：
虽然已成功将SSH整合成功了，但有一点缺陷的地方就是在Action每次要取得Spring容器时，都要通过
WebApplicationContext ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(this.servlet.getServletContext());去获取Spring容器实例,其实我们可以通过Spring的依赖注入原理省去其中的步骤
16.使用SpringIOC依赖注入管理Struts的Action
把struts.cfg.xml的内容改为如下形式：[/size]
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd"><struts-config><!--采用SpringIOC的依赖注入，此处的type可以不配置。如果配置type，请求处理器会在Spring容器寻找不到的Bean实例情况下，会交给Struts进行处理，Struts会创建该对象并放入缓存中。建议：如果使用了Spring的依赖注入，type也就无需要配置了。 --><action-mappings><action path="/userinfo" scope="request"><forward name="list" path="/userinfoList.jsp" /></action></action-mappings><!-- 配置spring的请求控制器 --><!-- 请求路径是/userinfo.do首先交给ActionServlet处理，接下来交给Spring的请求处理器来处理Spring的请求处理器的工作就是：请求处理器会根据用户请求的路径(/userinfo)，到Spring容器中寻找和名称匹配的Bean，寻找到之后就采用Bean实例处理用户的请求。--><controller><set-property property="processorClass"value="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor"></set-property></controller></struts-config>
将下面这行代码加到SpringXML配置文件中去
<!-- 配置struts中处理bean的Action--><bean name="/userinfo" name="code">package cn.netjava.action;import java.util.List;import javax.annotation.Resource;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.apache.struts.action.Action;import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;import cn.netjava.pojo.Userinfo;import cn.netjava.service.UserinfoService;public class UserinfoAction extends Action {@ResourceUserinfoService userinfoService;public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)List<Userinfo> userinfoList = userinfoService.getUserins();System.out.println("得到总数：" + userinfoList.size());request.setAttribute("userinfoList", userinfoList);return mapping.findForward("list");}}org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor处理流程如下:
由于用到的库文件太多，在此我只能把源码和数据库文件传上来,希望对刚接触SSH的人有所帮助。