操作型模式
Template Method(模板)模式

State(状态)模式
意图在于将与状态有关的处理逻辑分散到代表对象状态的各个类中。
封装变化

public interface State {    void push(PaintBoard paintBoard);    void pull(PaintBoard paintBoard);    String name();}public class PaintBoard {    private State state = new RedState();    //other methods and fields…    public void setState(State state) {        this.state = state;    }    public String getCurrentColor() {        return state.name();    }    public void push() {        state.push(this);    }    public void pull() {        state.pull(this);    }}public class GreenState implements State {    @Override    public void push(PaintBoard paintBoard) {        paintBoard.setState(new BlueState());    }    @Override    public void pull(PaintBoard paintBoard) {        paintBoard.setState(new RedState());    }    @Override    public String name() {        return "GREEN";    }}public class RedState implements State {    @Override    public void push(PaintBoard paintBoard) {        paintBoard.setState(new GreenState());    }    @Override    public void pull(PaintBoard paintBoard) {        paintBoard.setState(new BlueState());    }    @Override    public String name() {        return "RED";    }}public class BlueState implements State {    @Override    public void push(PaintBoard paintBoard) {        paintBoard.setState(new RedState());    }    @Override    public void pull(PaintBoard paintBoard) {        paintBoard.setState(new GreenState());    }    @Override    public String name() {        return "BLUE";    }}public class PaintBoardTestDrive {    public static void main(String[] args) {        PaintBoardTestDrive test = new PaintBoardTestDrive();        PaintBoard paintBoard = new PaintBoard();        System.out.println("Push Test:");        System.out.println("Paint board current color:" + paintBoard.getCurrentColor());        test.pushTest(paintBoard);        System.out.println("\nPull Test:");        System.out.println("Paint board current color:" + paintBoard.getCurrentColor());        test.pullTest(paintBoard);    }    public void pushTest(PaintBoard paintBoard) {        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {            System.out.printf("%s ---push---> ", paintBoard.getCurrentColor());            paintBoard.push();            System.out.println(paintBoard.getCurrentColor());        }    }    public void pullTest(PaintBoard paintBoard) {        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {            System.out.printf("%s ---pull---> ", paintBoard.getCurrentColor());            paintBoard.pull();            System.out.println(paintBoard.getCurrentColor());        }    }}

使用enum类型

public interface State {    void push(PaintBoard paintBoard);    void pull(PaintBoard paintBoard);    String name();}public class PaintBoard {    private State state = Color.RED;    public void setState(State state) {        this.state = state;    }    public String getCurrentColor() {        return state.name();    }    public void push() {        state.push(this);    }    public void pull() {        state.pull(this);    }}public enum Color implements State {    RED {        @Override        public void push(PaintBoard paintBoard) {            paintBoard.setState(GREEN);        }        @Override        public void pull(PaintBoard paintBoard) {            paintBoard.setState(BLUE);        }    },    GREEN {        @Override        public void push(PaintBoard paintBoard) {            paintBoard.setState(BLUE);        }        @Override        public void pull(PaintBoard paintBoard) {            paintBoard.setState(RED);        }    },    BLUE {        @Override        public void push(PaintBoard paintBoard) {            paintBoard.setState(RED);        }        @Override        public void pull(PaintBoard paintBoard) {            paintBoard.setState(GREEN);        }    };    @Override    public void push(PaintBoard paintBoard) {        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Invalid push!");    }    @Override    public void pull(PaintBoard paintBoard) {        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Invalid pull!");    }}public class PaintBoardTestDrive {    public static void main(String[] args) {        PaintBoard paintBoard = new PaintBoard();        System.out.println("Push Test:");        System.out.println("Paint board current color:" + paintBoard.getCurrentColor());        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {            pushTest(paintBoard);        }        System.out.println("\nPull Test:");        System.out.println("Paint board current color:" + paintBoard.getCurrentColor());        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {            pullTest(paintBoard);        }    }    private static void pushTest(PaintBoard paintBoard) {        System.out.printf("%s ---push---> ", paintBoard.getCurrentColor());        paintBoard.push();        System.out.println(paintBoard.getCurrentColor());    }    private static void pullTest(PaintBoard paintBoard) {        System.out.printf("%s ---pull---> ", paintBoard.getCurrentColor());        paintBoard.pull();        System.out.println(paintBoard.getCurrentColor());    }}

Strategy(策略)模式
意图在于把可选的策略或方案封装在不同的类中，并在这些类中实现一个共同的操作。

Command(命令)模式
意图是把请求封装在对象中。

Interpreter(解析器)模式
意图是可以按照自己定义的组合规则集合来组合可执行对象。