Apache2.2与tomcat7 集群配置
以前就对集群比较感兴趣，今天在网上收集资料，自己也尝试配置了一个demo。
准备环境：
安装Apache是http服务器，我们利用其对Tomcat进行负载均衡，我用的是apache2.2。下载Tocmat7，我这里用的是tomcat-7.0.21
集群主要有两种方式：
1.mod_proxy_blancer方式
我这里的demo是两个tomcat7的集群。
首先将apache安装目录下的conf目录下的httpd.conf文件的下图中的注释去掉
然后再这个文件最后添加下列文字
#虚拟机配置,负载均衡配置
<VirtualHost *:8000>ServerAdmin zengzhaoshuai@qq.comServerName localhostServerAlias localhost#小心，有些地方要有空格，要不然会出错哈哈。ProxyPass / balancer://cluster/ stickysession=JSESSIONID|jsessionid nofailover=OnProxyPassReverse / balancer://cluster/#ErrorLog "logs/error.log"#CustomLog "logs/access.log" common</VirtualHost> #The ProxyRequests directive should usually be set off when using ProxyPass.ProxyRequests Off<proxy balancer://cluster>BalancerMember ajp://localhost:8009 loadfactor=1 route=tomcat7_a smax=5 max=20 ttl=120 retry=300 timeout=15BalancerMember ajp://localhost:9009 loadfactor=1 route=tomcat7_b smax=5 max=20 ttl=120 retry=300 timeout=15# status=+H为配置热备，当所有机器都over时，才会请求该机器#BalancerMember http://192.168.1.218:8009 status=+HProxySet lbmethod=bytraffic</proxy>
在这里特别注意的是httpd.conf文件编码一定是utf-8 ,要不然apache启动不了。
<VirtualHost *:8000>，虚拟的主页，访问时：http://localhost:8000/项目名
ajp://localhost:8009 ,一个tomcat的，8009为ajp端口
ajp://localhost:9009，另外一个一个tomcat的，9009为ajp端口
route=tomcat7_a，其中的一个tomcat
route=tomcat7_a，另外一个tomcat
最后修改tomcat的confmuluxia的server.xml配置文件件
tomcat7_a的server.xml配置文件如下：
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" /> <GlobalNamingResources> <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" /> </GlobalNamingResources> <Service name="Catalina"> <Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat7_a"> <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="8"> <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager" expireSessionsOnShutdown="false" notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/> <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel"> <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService" address="228.0.0.4" port="45564" frequency="500" dropTime="3000"/> <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver" address="auto" port="4000" autoBind="100" selectorTimeout="5000" maxThreads="6"/> <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter"> <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/> </Sender> <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/> <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/> </Channel> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve" filter=""/> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/> <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer" tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/" deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/" watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/" watchEnabled="false"/> <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/> <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/> </Cluster> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm> <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service></Server>
由于我是在同一台机器上搭建的两个tomcat集群，故端口不能有冲突,如果不是的话就不需要修改了端口。
下面是tomcat7_b的配置文件
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" /> <GlobalNamingResources> <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" /> </GlobalNamingResources> <Service name="Catalina"> <Connector port="8082" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> <Connector port="9009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat7_b"> <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="8"> <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager" expireSessionsOnShutdown="false" notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/> <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel"> <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService" address="228.0.0.4" port="45564" frequency="500" dropTime="3000"/> <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver" address="auto" port="4001" autoBind="100" selectorTimeout="5000" maxThreads="6"/> <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter"> <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/> </Sender> <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/> <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/> </Channel> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve" filter=""/> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/> <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer" tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/" deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/" watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/" watchEnabled="false"/> <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/> <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/> </Cluster> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm> <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service></Server>
配置就大告成功了，我发布的项目是cluster，访问只需要访问http://localhost:8000/cluster/testCluster.jsp.
二、利用mod_jk集群
首先要下载mod_jk.so，我附件中与apache2.2匹配的。
详细说我就不说了，我就贴出配置文件吧
apache安装目录的conf目录结构，没有就创建文件
在httpd.conf开头添加这句：
# 监听端口和监听地址Listen 8000
在httpd.conf最后添加以下文字：
Include conf/mod_jk.conf
mod_jk.conf文件内容:
# Load mod_jk moduleLoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so# Where to find workers.propertiesJkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties# Where to put jk logsJkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log# Set the jk log level [debug/error/info]JkLogLevel info# Select the log formatJkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y] "# JkOptions indicate to send SSL KEY SIZE,JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat -ForwardDirectories# JkRequestLogFormat set the request formatJkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T"# Send servlet for context /examples to worker named ajp13#JkMount /servlet/* controller# Send JSPs for context /examples to worker named ajp13JkMount /* controller
workers.properties文件内容:
#========controller,负载均衡控制器======== worker.list=controller,tomcat7_a,tomcat7_b worker.controller.type=lb #========tomcat7_a======== worker.tomcat7_a.port=8009 #ajp13 端口号，在tomcat下server.xml配 置,默认8009 worker.tomcat7_a.host=localhost #tomcat的主机地址，如不为本机，请填写ip地址 worker.tomcat7_a.type=ajp13 worker.tomcat7_a.lbfactor = 1 #server的加权比重，值越高，分得的请求越多 #========tomcat7_b======== worker.tomcat7_b.port=9009 #ajp13 端口号，在tomcat下server.xml配置, worker.tomcat7_b.host=localhost #tomcat的主机地址，如不为本机，请填写ip地址 worker.tomcat7_b.type=ajp13 worker.tomcat7_b.lbfactor = 1 #server的加权比重，值越高，分得的请求越多 worker.controller.balanced_workers=tomcat7_a,tomcat7_b #指定分担请求的tomcat worker.controller.sticky_session=false #worker.controller.sticky_session=1
tomcat那部分的与上面第一种方法配置一样就就行了，运行方式也一样。