java如何实现系统监控、系统信息收集、sigar开源API的学习
首先给大家介绍一个开源工具Sigar
官网:http://sigar.hyperic.com/
API:http://www.hyperic.com/support/docs/sigar/index-all.html(由于是英文的,英文不好的可以用谷歌浏览器的翻译功能,直接转换为简体中文进行阅读)
Sigar(System Information Gatherer And Reporter),是一个开源的工具,提供了跨平台的系统信息收集的API,由C语言实现的。可以收集的信息包括:
1, CPU信息,包括基本信息(vendor、model、mhz、cacheSize)和统计信息(user、sys、idle、nice、wait)
2, 文件系统信息,包括Filesystem、Size、Used、Avail、Use%、Type
3, 事件信息,类似Service Control Manager
4, 内存信息,物理内存和交换内存的总数、使用数、剩余数;RAM的大小
5, 网络信息,包括网络接口信息和网络路由信息
6, 进程信息,包括每个进程的内存、CPU占用数、状态、参数、句柄
7, IO信息,包括IO的状态,读写大小等
8, 服务状态信息
9, 系统信息,包括操作系统版本,系统资源限制情况,系统运行时间以及负载,JAVA的版本信息等.
Sigar在Java中的使用:
开发时将附件中sigar.rar中的所有文件及jar包放在工程的lib文件夹下。
package com.test_sigar;import java.net.InetAddress;import java.net.UnknownHostException;import java.text.DecimalFormat;import org.hyperic.sigar.CpuInfo;import org.hyperic.sigar.CpuPerc;import org.hyperic.sigar.FileSystem;import org.hyperic.sigar.FileSystemUsage;import org.hyperic.sigar.Mem;import org.hyperic.sigar.NetFlags;import org.hyperic.sigar.NetInterfaceConfig;import org.hyperic.sigar.NetInterfaceStat;import org.hyperic.sigar.OperatingSystem;import org.hyperic.sigar.Sigar;import org.hyperic.sigar.SigarException;import org.hyperic.sigar.SigarNotImplementedException;import org.hyperic.sigar.Swap;public class SysInfo {public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception{SysInfo s =new SysInfo();System.out.println("CPU个数:"+s.getCpuCount());s.getCpuTotal();s.testCpuPerc();s.getPhysicalMemory();s.testWho();s.testFileSystemInfo();s.testGetOSInfo();}/** * 1.CPU资源信息 */// a)CPU数量(单位:个)public static int getCpuCount() throws SigarException {Sigar sigar = new Sigar();try {return sigar.getCpuInfoList().length;} finally {sigar.close();}}// b)CPU的总量(单位:HZ)及CPU的相关信息public void getCpuTotal() {Sigar sigar = new Sigar();CpuInfo[] infos;try {infos = sigar.getCpuInfoList();for (int i = 0; i < infos.length; i++) {// 不管是单块CPU还是多CPU都适用CpuInfo info = infos[i];System.out.println("CPU的总量:" + info.getMhz());// CPU的总量MHzSystem.out.println("获得CPU的卖主:" + info.getVendor());// 获得CPU的卖主,如:IntelSystem.out.println("CPU的类别:" + info.getModel());// 获得CPU的类别,如:CeleronSystem.out.println("缓冲存储器数量:" + info.getCacheSize());// 缓冲存储器数量System.out.println("**************");}} catch (SigarException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}// c)CPU的用户使用量、系统使用剩余量、总的剩余量、总的使用占用量等(单位:100%)public void testCpuPerc() {Sigar sigar = new Sigar();// 方式一,主要是针对一块CPU的情况CpuPerc cpu;try {cpu = sigar.getCpuPerc();printCpuPerc(cpu);} catch (SigarException e) {e.printStackTrace();}// 方式二,不管是单块CPU还是多CPU都适用CpuPerc cpuList[] = null;try {cpuList = sigar.getCpuPercList();} catch (SigarException e) {e.printStackTrace();return;}for (int i = 0; i < cpuList.length; i++) {printCpuPerc(cpuList[i]);}}private void printCpuPerc(CpuPerc cpu) {System.out.println("用户使用率:" + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getUser()));// 用户使用率System.out.println("系统使用率:" + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getSys()));// 系统使用率System.out.println("当前等待率:" + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getWait()));// 当前等待率System.out.println("Nice :" + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getNice()));//System.out.println("当前空闲率:" + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getIdle()));// 当前空闲率System.out.println("总的使用率:" + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getCombined()));// 总的使用率System.out.println("**************");}/** * 2.内存资源信息 * */public void getPhysicalMemory() {// a)物理内存信息DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("#0.00");Sigar sigar = new Sigar();Mem mem;try {mem = sigar.getMem();// 内存总量System.out.println("内存总量:" + df.format((float)mem.getTotal() / 1024/1024/1024) + "G");// 当前内存使用量System.out.println("当前内存使用量:" + df.format((float)mem.getUsed() / 1024/1024/1024) + "G");// 当前内存剩余量System.out.println("当前内存剩余量:" + df.format((float)mem.getFree() / 1024/1024/1024) + "G");// b)系统页面文件交换区信息Swap swap = sigar.getSwap();// 交换区总量System.out.println("交换区总量:" + df.format((float)swap.getTotal() / 1024/1024/1024) + "G");// 当前交换区使用量System.out.println("当前交换区使用量:" + df.format((float)swap.getUsed() / 1024/1024/1024) + "G");// 当前交换区剩余量System.out.println("当前交换区剩余量:" + df.format((float)swap.getFree() / 1024/1024/1024) + "G");} catch (SigarException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/** * 3.操作系统信息 * */// a)取到当前操作系统的名称:public String getPlatformName() {String hostname = "";try {hostname = InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName();} catch (Exception exc) {Sigar sigar = new Sigar();try {hostname = sigar.getNetInfo().getHostName();} catch (SigarException e) {hostname = "localhost.unknown";} finally {sigar.close();}}return hostname;}// b)取当前操作系统的信息public void testGetOSInfo() {OperatingSystem OS = OperatingSystem.getInstance();// 操作系统内核类型如: 386、486、586等x86System.out.println("OS.getArch() = " + OS.getArch());System.out.println("OS.getCpuEndian() = " + OS.getCpuEndian());//System.out.println("OS.getDataModel() = " + OS.getDataModel());//// 系统描述System.out.println("OS.getDescription() = " + OS.getDescription());System.out.println("OS.getMachine() = " + OS.getMachine());//// 操作系统类型System.out.println("OS.getName() = " + OS.getName());System.out.println("OS.getPatchLevel() = " + OS.getPatchLevel());//// 操作系统的卖主System.out.println("OS.getVendor() = " + OS.getVendor());// 卖主名称System.out.println("OS.getVendorCodeName() = " + OS.getVendorCodeName());// 操作系统名称System.out.println("OS.getVendorName() = " + OS.getVendorName());// 操作系统卖主类型System.out.println("OS.getVendorVersion() = " + OS.getVendorVersion());// 操作系统的版本号System.out.println("OS.getVersion() = " + OS.getVersion());}// c)取当前系统进程表中的用户信息public void testWho() {try {Sigar sigar = new Sigar();org.hyperic.sigar.Who[] who = sigar.getWhoList();if (who != null && who.length > 0) {for (int i = 0; i < who.length; i++) {System.out.println("\n~~~~~~~~~" + String.valueOf(i)+ "~~~~~~~~~");org.hyperic.sigar.Who _who = who[i];System.out.println("获取设备getDevice() = " + _who.getDevice());System.out.println("获得主机getHost() = " + _who.getHost());System.out.println("获取的时间getTime() = " + _who.getTime());// 当前系统进程表中的用户名System.out.println("获取用户getUser() = " + _who.getUser());}}} catch (SigarException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}// 4.资源信息(主要是硬盘)// a)取硬盘已有的分区及其详细信息(通过sigar.getFileSystemList()来获得FileSystem列表对象,然后对其进行编历):public void testFileSystemInfo() throws Exception {Sigar sigar = new Sigar();FileSystem fslist[] = sigar.getFileSystemList();DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("#0.00");// String dir = System.getProperty("user.home");// 当前用户文件夹路径for (int i = 0; i < fslist.length; i++) {System.out.println("\n~~~~~~~~~~" + i + "~~~~~~~~~~");FileSystem fs = fslist[i];// 分区的盘符名称System.out.println("fs.getDevName() = " + fs.getDevName());// 分区的盘符名称System.out.println("fs.getDirName() = " + fs.getDirName());System.out.println("fs.getFlags() = " + fs.getFlags());//// 文件系统类型,比如 FAT32、NTFSSystem.out.println("fs.getSysTypeName() = " + fs.getSysTypeName());// 文件系统类型名,比如本地硬盘、光驱、网络文件系统等System.out.println("fs.getTypeName() = " + fs.getTypeName());// 文件系统类型System.out.println("fs.getType() = " + fs.getType());FileSystemUsage usage = null;try {usage = sigar.getFileSystemUsage(fs.getDirName());} catch (SigarException e) {if (fs.getType() == 2)throw e;continue;}switch (fs.getType()) {case 0: // TYPE_UNKNOWN :未知break;case 1: // TYPE_NONEbreak;case 2: // TYPE_LOCAL_DISK : 本地硬盘// 文件系统总大小System.out.println(" Total = " + df.format((float)usage.getTotal()/1024/1024) + "G");// 文件系统剩余大小System.out.println(" Free = " + df.format((float)usage.getFree()/1024/1024) + "G");// 文件系统可用大小System.out.println(" Avail = " + df.format((float)usage.getAvail()/1024/1024) + "G");// 文件系统已经使用量System.out.println(" Used = " + df.format((float)usage.getUsed()/1024/1024) + "G");double usePercent = usage.getUsePercent() * 100D;// 文件系统资源的利用率System.out.println(" Usage = " + df.format(usePercent) + "%");break;case 3:// TYPE_NETWORK :网络break;case 4:// TYPE_RAM_DISK :闪存break;case 5:// TYPE_CDROM :光驱break;case 6:// TYPE_SWAP :页面交换break;}System.out.println(" DiskReads = " + usage.getDiskReads());System.out.println(" DiskWrites = " + usage.getDiskWrites());}return;}// 5.网络信息// a)当前机器的正式域名public String getFQDN() {Sigar sigar = null;try {return InetAddress.getLocalHost().getCanonicalHostName();} catch (UnknownHostException e) {try {sigar = new Sigar();return sigar.getFQDN();} catch (SigarException ex) {return null;} finally {sigar.close();}}}// b)取到当前机器的IP地址public String getDefaultIpAddress() {String address = null;try {address = InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();// 没有出现异常而正常当取到的IP时,如果取到的不是网卡循回地址时就返回// 否则再通过Sigar工具包中的方法来获取if (!NetFlags.LOOPBACK_ADDRESS.equals(address)) {return address;}} catch (UnknownHostException e) {// hostname not in DNS or /etc/hosts}Sigar sigar = new Sigar();try {address = sigar.getNetInterfaceConfig().getAddress();} catch (SigarException e) {address = NetFlags.LOOPBACK_ADDRESS;} finally {sigar.close();}return address;}// c)取到当前机器的MAC地址public String getMAC() {Sigar sigar = null;try {sigar = new Sigar();String[] ifaces = sigar.getNetInterfaceList();String hwaddr = null;for (int i = 0; i < ifaces.length; i++) {NetInterfaceConfig cfg = sigar.getNetInterfaceConfig(ifaces[i]);if (NetFlags.LOOPBACK_ADDRESS.equals(cfg.getAddress())|| (cfg.getFlags() & NetFlags.IFF_LOOPBACK) != 0|| NetFlags.NULL_HWADDR.equals(cfg.getHwaddr())) {continue;}/* * 如果存在多张网卡包括虚拟机的网卡,默认只取第一张网卡的MAC地址,如果要返回所有的网卡(包括物理的和虚拟的)则可以修改方法的返回类型为数组或Collection * ,通过在for循环里取到的多个MAC地址。 */hwaddr = cfg.getHwaddr();break;}return hwaddr != null ? hwaddr : null;} catch (Exception e) {return null;} finally {if (sigar != null)sigar.close();}}// d)获取网络流量等信息public void testNetIfList() throws Exception {Sigar sigar = new Sigar();String ifNames[] = sigar.getNetInterfaceList();for (int i = 0; i < ifNames.length; i++) {String name = ifNames[i];NetInterfaceConfig ifconfig = sigar.getNetInterfaceConfig(name);print("\nname = " + name);// 网络设备名print("Address = " + ifconfig.getAddress());// IP地址print("Netmask = " + ifconfig.getNetmask());// 子网掩码if ((ifconfig.getFlags() & 1L) <= 0L) {print("!IFF_UP...skipping getNetInterfaceStat");continue;}try {NetInterfaceStat ifstat = sigar.getNetInterfaceStat(name);print("RxPackets = " + ifstat.getRxPackets());// 接收的总包裹数print("TxPackets = " + ifstat.getTxPackets());// 发送的总包裹数print("RxBytes = " + ifstat.getRxBytes());// 接收到的总字节数print("TxBytes = " + ifstat.getTxBytes());// 发送的总字节数print("RxErrors = " + ifstat.getRxErrors());// 接收到的错误包数print("TxErrors = " + ifstat.getTxErrors());// 发送数据包时的错误数print("RxDropped = " + ifstat.getRxDropped());// 接收时丢弃的包数print("TxDropped = " + ifstat.getTxDropped());// 发送时丢弃的包数} catch (SigarNotImplementedException e) {} catch (SigarException e) {print(e.getMessage());}}}void print(String msg) {System.out.println(msg);}// e)一些其他的信息public void getEthernetInfo() {Sigar sigar = null;try {sigar = new Sigar();String[] ifaces = sigar.getNetInterfaceList();for (int i = 0; i < ifaces.length; i++) {NetInterfaceConfig cfg = sigar.getNetInterfaceConfig(ifaces[i]);if (NetFlags.LOOPBACK_ADDRESS.equals(cfg.getAddress())|| (cfg.getFlags() & NetFlags.IFF_LOOPBACK) != 0|| NetFlags.NULL_HWADDR.equals(cfg.getHwaddr())) {continue;}System.out.println("cfg.getAddress() = " + cfg.getAddress());// IP地址System.out.println("cfg.getBroadcast() = " + cfg.getBroadcast());// 网关广播地址System.out.println("cfg.getHwaddr() = " + cfg.getHwaddr());// 网卡MAC地址System.out.println("cfg.getNetmask() = " + cfg.getNetmask());// 子网掩码System.out.println("cfg.getDescription() = "+ cfg.getDescription());// 网卡描述信息System.out.println("cfg.getType() = " + cfg.getType());//System.out.println("cfg.getDestination() = "+ cfg.getDestination());System.out.println("cfg.getFlags() = " + cfg.getFlags());//System.out.println("cfg.getMetric() = " + cfg.getMetric());System.out.println("cfg.getMtu() = " + cfg.getMtu());System.out.println("cfg.getName() = " + cfg.getName());System.out.println();}} catch (Exception e) {System.out.println("Error while creating GUID" + e);} finally {if (sigar != null)sigar.close();}}}