使用JDBC和Hibernate来写入Blob型数据到Oracle中(1)
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Oracle的Blob字段比较特殊,他比long字段的性能要好很多,可以用来保存例如图片之类的二进制数据。
写入Blob字段和写入其它类型字段的方式非常不同,因为Blob自身有一个cursor,你必须使用cursor对blob进行操作,因而你在写入Blob之前,必须获得cursor才能进行写入,那么如何获得Blob的cursor呢?
这需要你先插入一个empty的blob,这将创建一个blob的cursor,然后你再把这个empty的blob的cursor用select查询出来,这样通过两步操作,你就获得了blob的cursor,可以真正的写入blob数据了。
看下面的JDBC的demo,把oraclejdbc.jar这个二进制文件写入数据库表javatest的content字段(这是一个blob型字段)
代码
1.import java.sql.*;
2.import java.io.*;
3.import oracle.sql.*;
4.public class WriteBlob {
5.
6. public static void main(String[] args) {
7.
8. try {
9. DriverManager.registerDriver(new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());
10. Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl","fankai","fankai");
11. conn.setAutoCommit(false);
12.
13. BLOB blob = null;
14.
15. PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("insert into javatest(name,content) values(?,empty_blob())");
16. pstmt.setString(1,"fankai");
17. pstmt.executeUpdate();
18. pstmt.close();
19.
20. pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("select content from javatest where name= ? for update");
21. pstmt.setString(1,"fankai");
22. ResultSet rset = pstmt.executeQuery();
23. if (rset.next()) blob = (BLOB) rset.getBlob(1);
24.
25. String fileName = "oraclejdbc.jar";
26. File f = new File(fileName);
27. FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(f);
28. System.out.println("file size = " + fin.available());
29.
30. pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("update javatest set content=? where name=?");
31.
32. OutputStream out = blob.getBinaryOutputStream();
33.
34. int count = -1, total = 0;
35. byte[] data = new byte[(int)fin.available()];
36. fin.read(data);
37. out.write(data);
38. /*
39. byte[] data = new byte[blob.getBufferSize()]; 另一种实现方法,节省内存
40. while ((count = fin.read(data)) != -1) {
41. total += count;
42. out.write(data, 0, count);
43. }
44. */
45.
46. fin.close();
47. out.close();
48.
49. pstmt.setBlob(1,blob);
50. pstmt.setString(2,"fankai");
51.
52. pstmt.executeUpdate();
53. pstmt.close();
54.
55. conn.commit();
56. conn.close();
57. } catch (SQLException e) {
58. System.err.println(e.getMessage());
59. e.printStackTrace();
60. } catch (IOException e) {
61. System.err.println(e.getMessage());
62. }
63. }
64.
65.}
仔细看上例,分三步:
1、插入空blob
into javatest(name,content) values(?,empty_blob());
2、获得blob的cursor
select content from javatest where for update;
注意!!!必须加for update,这将锁定该行,直至该行被修改完毕,保证不产生并发冲突。
3、update javatest set content=? where >
用cursor往数据库写数据
这里面还有一点要提醒大家:
JDK1.3带的JDBC2.0规范是不完善的,只有读Blob的接口,而没有写Blob的接口,JDK1.4带的JDBC3.0加入了写Blob的接口。你可以使用JDBC3.0的接口,也可以直接使用Oracle的JDBC的API,我在上例中使用了Oracle的JDBC的API。
另外要注意的是:
java.sql.Blob
oracle.sql.BLOB
注意看blob的大小写,是不一样的。写程序的时候不要搞混了。
下面看看用Hibernate怎么写,原理是一样的,也要分三步,但是代码简单很多
这是Cat对象定义
代码
1.package com.fankai;
2.
3.import java.sql.Blob;
4.
5.public class Cat {
6. private String id;
7. private String name;
8. private char sex;
9. private float weight;
10. private Blob image;
11. public Cat() { }
12.
13. public String getId() { return id; }
14. public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; }
15.
16. public String getName() { return name; }
17. public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
18.
19. public char getSex() { return sex; }
20. public void setSex(char sex) { this.sex = sex; }
21.
22. public float getWeight() { return weight; }
23. public void setWeight(float weight) { this.weight = weight; }
24.
25. public Blob getImage() { return image; }
26. public void setImage(Blob image) { this.image = image;}
27.}
这是Cat.hbm.xml
代码
1.<?xml version="1.0"?>
2.<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping SYSTEM "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd">
3.
4.<hibernate-mapping>
5. <class name="com.fankai.Cat" table="cat">
6. <!--jcs-cache usage="read-only"/-->
7. <id name="id" unsaved-value="null">
8. <generator length="16" not-null="true"/>
11. <property name="sex" length="1" not-null="true"/>
12. <property name="weight" />
13. <property name="image" />
14. </class>
15.</hibernate-mapping>
下面是完整的用Hibernate写入Blob的例子,相比JDBC,已经简单轻松多了,也不用写那些Oracle特殊的sql了:
代码
1.package com.fankai;
2.
3.import java.sql.Blob;
4.import net.sf.hibernate.*;
5.import oracle.sql.*;
6.import java.io.*;
7.
8.public class TestCatHibernate {
9. public static void testBlob() {
10. Session s = null;
11. byte[] buffer = new byte[1];
12. buffer[0] = 1;
13. try {
14. SessionFactory sf = HibernateSessionFactory.getSessionFactory();
15. s = sf.openSession();
16. Transaction tx = s.beginTransaction();
17. Cat c = new Cat();
18. c.setName("Robbin");
19. c.setImage(Hibernate.createBlob(buffer));
20. s.save(c);
21. s.flush();
22. s.refresh(c, LockMode.UPGRADE);
23. BLOB blob = (BLOB) c.getImage();
24. OutputStream out = blob.getBinaryOutputStream();
25. String fileName = "oraclejdbc.jar";
26. File f = new File(fileName);
27. FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(f);
28. int count = -1, total = 0;
29. byte[] data = new byte[(int)fin.available()];
30. fin.read(data);
31. out.write(data);
32. fin.close();
33. out.close();
34. s.flush();
35. tx.commit();
36.
37. } catch (Exception e) {
38. System.out.println(e.getMessage());
39. } finally {
40. if (s != null)
41. try {
42. s.close();
43. } catch (Exception e) {}
44. }
45.
46. }
47.}