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BW惯用术语

发布时间： 2012-12-21 12:03:50 作者： rapoo

BW常用术语

A

Aggregate

An aggregate is a subset of an InfoCube. The objective when using aggregates is to reduce I/O volume.The BW OLAP processor selects an appropriate aggregate during a query run or a navigation step. If no appropriate aggregate exists, the BW OLAP processor retrieves?data?from the original InfoCube instead.

For examples, assume you may have 10 dimensions and each one have 10 value, that means you may have up to 10^10 possible records. If high level manager often access the report focus revenue in?2008?by customer, that's mean only 2 dimension are involved. You can do aggregate and it may only contain 2 dimensions with 100 records. It reduce the I/O and improve the performance.

Aggregate rollup

Aggregate rollup is a procedure to update aggregates with new data loads. Reference Aggregate

Application component

Application components are used to organize InfoSources. They are similar to the InfoAreas used with InfoCubes. The maximum number of characters allowed for the technical name is 32.

Authorization

An authorization defines what a user can do, and to which?SAP?objects. For example, a user with an authorization can display and execute, but not change, a query. Authorizations are defined using authorization objects.

Authorization object

An authorization object is used to define user authorizations. It has fields with values to specify authorized activities, such as display and execution, on authorized business objects, such as queries. The maximum number of characters allowed for the technical name is 10.

Authorization profile

An authorization profile is made up of multiple authorizations. The maximum number of characters allowed for the technical name is 10.

B

BEx

Short for Business Explorer. It includes following tools to present the reports to end user: Analyzer? / Web Application Designer / Report Designer / Web Analyzer.

Bitmap index

A bitmap index uses maps of bits to locate records in a table. Bitmap indices are very effective for Boolean operations of the WHERE clause of a SELECT statement. When the cardinality of a column is low, a bitmap index size will be small, thereby reducing I/O volume.

Another possible choice in BW on this topic is B-tree index.

Business Content

Business Content is a complete set of BW objects developed by SAP to support the OLAP tasks. It contains roles, workbooks, queries, InfoCubes, key figures, characteristics, update rules, InfoSources, and extractors for SAP R/3, and other mySAP solutions.

You can simply use business content directly, or take it as template for your project to speed up implementations.

BW

BW is a Data Warehousing solution from SAP.

When we talking about BW, it often talking about BW3.5. The latest version is SAP Business Intelligence 7.0.

BW Monitor

BW Monitor displays data loading status and provides assistance in troubleshooting if errors occur. T-code: RSMO

BW Scheduler

BW Scheduler specifies when to load data. It is based on the same techniques used for scheduling R/3 background jobs.

BW Statistics

BW Statistics is a tool for recording and reporting system activity and performance information.

BWA / BIA

BW/BI Accelarator is a tool that improves the performance of BW 7.x queries on InfoCubes. It enables quick access to any data with a low amount of administrative effort and is especially useful for sophisticated scenarios with unpredictable query types, high data volume and high frequency of queries

C

Cache / OLAP Cache

A technology to improve the performance. Cache buffers query result data, in order to provider them for further accesses.??

Cache Mode

Determines whether and in what way the? query result and navigational states are to be saved in the OLAP? Cache.

Change run

Change run is a procedure used to activate characteristic data changes.

Characteristic

Characteristics are descriptions of fields, such as Customer ID, Material Number, Sales Representative ID, Unit of Measure, and Transaction Date. The maximum number of characters allowed for the technical name is 9.

Client

A client is a subset of data in an SAP system. Data shared by all clients is called client-independent data, as compared with client-dependent data. When logging on to an SAP system, a user must specify which client to use. Once in the system, the user has access to both client-dependent data and client-independent data.

Communication structure

The communication structure is the structure underlying the InfoSource.

Compound attribute

A compound attribute differentiates a characteristic to make the characteristic uniquely identifiable. For example, if the same characteristic data from different source systems mean different things, then we can add the compound attribute 0SOURSYSTEM (source system ID) to the characteristic; 0SOURSYSTEM is provided with the Business Content.

Compress

Compressing will bringing data from different requests together into one single request (request ID 0) in Infocube.

When you load data into Infocube, they are group with Requests ID. You can easily manage the data with Request ID. But the request ID have disadvantages cause the same data record (with same characteristics but different request ID) to appear more than once in the fact table. It waste the table space and affects query performance.

You can eliminate these disadvantages by compressing data and bringing data from different requests together into one single request (request ID 0).

Technically, Compress will move the data in F table to E table and aggregate the records with same char. automatically.

It is widly used when you are sure that the data in InfoCube is correct and you won't need Request ID in the future. And be careful if you defined your own delta mechanism.

D

Data packet size

For the same amount of data, the data packet size determines how work processes will be used in data loading. The smaller the data packet size, the more work processes needed.You can set it in SPRO

Data Mining

Data mining is the process of extracting hidden patterns from data. It is one of the function provided by SAP BI.

Take the most famous story "beer and diapers" as example. Wall-Mart noticed that men often bought beer at the same time they bought diapers. They mined its receipts and proved the observations. So they put diapers next to the beer coolers, and sales skyrocketed. The story is a myth, but it shows how data mining seeks to understand the relationship between different actions.

Data Warehouse

Data Warehouse is a dedicated reporting and analysis environment based on the star schema (Extended) database design technique and requiring special attention to the data ETTL process.

DataMart

The distribution of contents of ODS or InfoCube into other BW data targets on the same or on other BW systems

DataSource

A DataSource is not only a structure in which source system fields are logically grouped together, but also an object that contains ETTL-related information. Four types of DataSources exist:

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