Java基础---第十二天 多线程
一、线程间的通信
三、线程间通信-等待唤醒机制1、wait(),notify(),notifyAll(),都使用在同步中,因为要对持有监视器(锁)的线程操作。所以要使用在同步中,因为只有同步才具有锁。
2、为什么这些操作线程的方法要定义Object类中呢?因为这些方法在操作同步中,线程,都必须要表示它们所操作线程只有的锁,只有同一个锁上的被等待线程,可以被同一个锁上notify唤醒,不可以对不同锁中的线程进行唤醒。也就是说,等待和唤醒必须是同一个锁。
3、而锁可以是任意对象,所以可以被任意对象调用的方法定义Object类中。
[java] view plaincopy
- /*
- 线程间通讯:
- 其实就是多个线程在操作同一个资源,
- 但是操作的动作不同。
- */
- import java.lang.*;
- class Res{
- String name;
- String sex;
- boolean flag = false;
- }
- class Input implements Runnable{
- private Res r;
- Input(Res r){
- this.r = r;
- }
- public void run(){
- int x = 0;
- while(true){
- synchronized(r){
- if(r.flag){
- try{ r.wait();}catch(Exception e){}
- }
- if(x==0){
- r.name = "mike";
- r.sex = "man";
- }else{
- r.name = "丽丽";
- r.sex = "女女女女女";
- }
- x = (x+1)%2;
- r.flag = true;
- r.notify();
- }
- }
- }
- }
- class Output implements Runnable{
- private Res r;
- Output(Res r){
- this.r = r;
- }
- public void run(){
- while(true){
- synchronized(r){
- if(!r.flag){
- try{ r.wait();}catch(Exception e){}
- }
- System.out.println(r.name+" "+r.sex);
- r.flag = false;
- r.notify();
- }
- }
- }
- }
- public class Demo{
- public static void main(String args[]){
- Res r = new Res();
- Input in = new Input(r);
- Output out = new Output(r);
- Thread t1 = new Thread(in);
- Thread t2 = new Thread(out);
- t1.start();
- t2.start();
- }
- }
四、线程间通信-代码优化
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- class Res{
- private String name;
- private String sex;
- private boolean flag = false;
- public synchronized void set(String name,String sex){
- if(this.flag){
- try{ this.wait();}catch(Exception e){}
- }
- this.name = name;
- this.sex = sex;
- this.flag = true;
- this.notify();
- }
- public synchronized void out(){
- if(!this.flag){
- try{ this.wait();}catch(Exception e){}
- }
- System.out.println(this.name+" "+this.sex);
- this.flag = false;
- this.notify();
- }
- }
- class Input implements Runnable{
- private Res r;
- Input(Res r){
- this.r = r;
- }
- public void run(){
- int x = 0;
- while(true){
- if(x==0){
- r.set("mike","man");
- }else{
- r.set("丽丽","女女女女女");
- }
- x = (x+1)%2;
- }
- }
- }
- class Output implements Runnable{
- private Res r;
- Output(Res r){
- this.r = r;
- }
- public void run(){
- while(true){
- r.out();
- }
- }
- }
- public class Demo{
- public static void main(String args[]){
- Res r = new Res();
- new Thread(new Input(r)).start();
- new Thread(new Output(r)).start();
- }
- }
五、线程间通信-生产者消费者
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- class Demo{
- public static void main(String args[]){
- Resource r = new Resource();
- Producer pro = new Producer(r);
- Consumer con = new Consumer(r);
- Thread t1 = new Thread(pro);
- Thread t3 = new Thread(pro);
- Thread t2 = new Thread(con);
- Thread t4 = new Thread(con);
- t1.start();
- t2.start();
- t3.start();
- t4.start();
- }
- }
- class Resource{
- private String name;
- private int count = 1;
- private boolean flag = false;
- public synchronized void set(String name){
- while(flag){
- try{
- this.wait();
- }catch(Exception e){
- }
- }
- this.name = name+"--"+count++;
- System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"...生产者..."+this.name);
- flag = true;
- this.notifyAll();
- }
- public synchronized void out(){
- while(!flag){
- try{
- this.wait();
- }catch(Exception e){
- }
- }
- System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"...消费者..........."+this.name);
- flag = false;
- this.notifyAll();
- }
- }
- class Producer implements Runnable{
- private Resource res;
- Producer(Resource res){
- this.res = res;
- }
- public void run(){
- while(true){
- res.set("+商品+");
- }
- }
- }
- class Consumer implements Runnable{
- private Resource res;
- Consumer(Resource res){
- this.res = res;
- }
- public void run(){
- while(true){
- res.out();
- }
- }
- }
六、线程间通信-生产者消费者JDK5.0升级版
1、jdk1.5中,提供了,许多县城升级解决方案,将同步 synchrozed 替换成 显示 Lock 操作
将 object 中的 wait ,notify,notifyAll,替换成了condition 对象。
该对象可以 Lock锁,进行获取
2、该实例中,实现了,本方置换型对方的操作。
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- import java.util.concurrent.locks.*;
- class Demo{
- public static void main(String args[]){
- Resource r = new Resource();
- Producer pro = new Producer(r);
- Consumer con = new Consumer(r);
- Thread t1 = new Thread(pro);
- Thread t3 = new Thread(pro);
- Thread t2 = new Thread(con);
- Thread t4 = new Thread(con);
- t1.start();
- t2.start();
- t3.start();
- t4.start();
- }
- }
- class Resource{
- private String name;
- private int count = 1;
- private boolean flag = false;
- private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
- private Condition condition_pro = lock.newCondition();
- private Condition condition_con = lock.newCondition();
- public void set(String name) throws InterruptedException{
- lock.lock();
- try{
- while(flag){
- condition_pro.await();
- }
- this.name = name+"--"+count++;
- System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"...生产者..."+this.name);
- flag = true;
- condition_con.signal();
- }finally{
- lock.unlock();
- }
- }
- public void out() throws InterruptedException{
- lock.lock();
- try{
- while(!flag){
- condition_con.await();
- }
- System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"...消费者..........."+this.name);
- flag = false;
- condition_pro.signal();
- }finally{
- lock.unlock();
- }
- }
- }
- class Producer implements Runnable{
- private Resource res;
- Producer(Resource res){
- this.res = res;
- }
- public void run(){
- while(true){
- try{
- res.set("+商品+");
- }catch(InterruptedException e){
- }
- }
- }
- }
- class Consumer implements Runnable{
- private Resource res;
- Consumer(Resource res){
- this.res = res;
- }
- public void run(){
- while(true){
- try{
- res.out();
- }catch(InterruptedException e){
- }
- }
- }
- }
七、停止线程
stop方法已经过时。
如何停止线程?
只有一种,run()方法结束
开启多线程运行,运行代码通常是循环结构。
只要控制住循环,就可以让run方法结束,也就是线程结束
当线程处于冻结状态,就不会读取到标记,那么线程就不会结束
当没有指定的方式让冻结的线程恢复到运行状态时,这时需要对冻结进行清除。
强制让线程恢复到运行状态中来,这样就可以操作标记让线程结束
Thread类提供该方法, interrupt();
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- class Demo{
- public static void main(String args[]){
- StopThread st = new StopThread();
- Thread t1 = new Thread(st);
- Thread t2 = new Thread(st);
- t1.start();
- t2.start();
- int num = 0;
- while(true){
- if(num++ == 60){
- st.changeFlag();
- t1.interrupt();
- t2.interrupt();
- break;
- }
- System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+num);
- }
- }
- }
- class StopThread implements Runnable{
- private boolean flag = true;
- public void run(){
- while(flag){
- System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"....run");
- }
- }
- public void changeFlag(){
- flag = false;
- }
- }
八、守护线程
对象.setDemo(true) 如果主线程结束,则这个线程自动结束
九、Join方法
抢夺主线程行权,注意,只抢夺主线程
临时加入线程
当a线程执行到了b线程的 .join() 方法时,a就会等待,等b线程都执行完,a才会执行
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- class Demo{
- public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{
- StopThread st = new StopThread();
- Thread t1 = new Thread(st);
- Thread t2 = new Thread(st);
- t1.start();
- t1.join();
- t2.start();
- t2.join();
- for(int x=0;x<70;x++){
- System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" "+x);
- }
- System.out.println("over");
- }
- }
- class StopThread implements Runnable{
- public void run(){
- for(int x=0;x<70;x++){
- System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" "+x);
- }
- }
- }
10、Byield方法 礼让
setPriority 设置优先级