【叨、校长】Android报表工具AChartEngine初探总结

AChartEngine?是一个安卓系统上制作图表的框架,目前它支持如下的图表类型:
?line chart (折线图)

?area chart (面积图；分区图，对比图)
?scatter chart ( 散点图)
?time chart (时间图；进度表)
?bar chart (条形图;柱状图)
?pie chart ( 饼图)
?bubble chart (气泡图)

?doughnut chart (圆环图)

?range (high-low) bar chart (范围条形图)

?dial chart / gauge (拨号盘/压力表)

?combined (any combination of line, cubic line, scatter, bar, range bar, bubble) chart(组合图)

?cubic line chart (立方折线图)
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上述所有支持的图表类型，都可以包含多个系列，都支持水平（默认）或垂直方式展示图表,并且支持许多其他的自定义功能。所有图表都可以建立为一个view,也可以建立为一个用于启动activity的intent.

这个模型和绘图过程的代码进行了很好优化处理，它可以处理和显示值的数量非常大。

目前为止AchartEngine最新版是1.0.0版本。

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以下代码基于１．０．０版本：?

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1.0.0版本相对以前的使用简单了很多！代码也很简洁！

下面是我整理、摸索出来的使用方法：

折线图：

首先通过阅读官方代码可以发现有俩个很重要的类：

1、接口IDemoChart：

/** * Copyright (C) 2009, 2010 SC 4ViewSoft SRL *   * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at *   *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 *   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */package org.achartengine.chartdemo.demo.chart;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;/** * Defines the demo charts. */public interface IDemoChart {  /** A constant for the name field in a list activity. */  String NAME = "name";  /** A constant for the description field in a list activity. */  String DESC = "desc";  /**   * Returns the chart name.   *    * @return the chart name   */  String getName();  /**   * Returns the chart description.   *    * @return the chart description   */  String getDesc();  /**   * Executes the chart demo.   *    * @param context the context   * @return the built intent   */  Intent execute(Context context);}

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这个接口对实现chart图标的方法进行了抽象！

我们可以通过实现这个接口的方法来很方便的实现我们想要的Chart

在官方Demo中有一个类对此进行了实现、我们只要经常该类就可以很方便的实现我们自己的chart而不像之前版本那样的繁琐！

类AbstractDemoChart：

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/** * Copyright (C) 2009, 2010 SC 4ViewSoft SRL *   * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at *   *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 *   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */package org.achartengine.chartdemo.demo.chart;import java.util.Date;import java.util.List;import org.achartengine.chart.PointStyle;import org.achartengine.model.CategorySeries;import org.achartengine.model.MultipleCategorySeries;import org.achartengine.model.TimeSeries;import org.achartengine.model.XYMultipleSeriesDataset;import org.achartengine.model.XYSeries;import org.achartengine.renderer.DefaultRenderer;import org.achartengine.renderer.SimpleSeriesRenderer;import org.achartengine.renderer.XYMultipleSeriesRenderer;import org.achartengine.renderer.XYSeriesRenderer;/** * An abstract class for the demo charts to extend. It contains some methods for * building datasets and renderers. */public abstract class AbstractDemoChart implements IDemoChart {  /**   * Builds an XY multiple dataset using the provided values.   *    * @param titles the series titles   * @param xValues the values for the X axis   * @param yValues the values for the Y axis   * @return the XY multiple dataset   */  protected XYMultipleSeriesDataset buildDataset(String[] titles, List<double[]> xValues,      List<double[]> yValues) {    XYMultipleSeriesDataset dataset = new XYMultipleSeriesDataset();    addXYSeries(dataset, titles, xValues, yValues, 0);    return dataset;  }  public void addXYSeries(XYMultipleSeriesDataset dataset, String[] titles, List<double[]> xValues,      List<double[]> yValues, int scale) {    int length = titles.length;    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {      XYSeries series = new XYSeries(titles[i], scale);      double[] xV = xValues.get(i);      double[] yV = yValues.get(i);      int seriesLength = xV.length;      for (int k = 0; k < seriesLength; k++) {        series.add(xV[k], yV[k]);      }      dataset.addSeries(series);    }  }  /**   * Builds an XY multiple series renderer.   *    * @param colors the series rendering colors   * @param styles the series point styles   * @return the XY multiple series renderers   */  protected XYMultipleSeriesRenderer buildRenderer(int[] colors, PointStyle[] styles) {    XYMultipleSeriesRenderer renderer = new XYMultipleSeriesRenderer();    setRenderer(renderer, colors, styles);    return renderer;  }  protected void setRenderer(XYMultipleSeriesRenderer renderer, int[] colors, PointStyle[] styles) {    renderer.setAxisTitleTextSize(16);    renderer.setChartTitleTextSize(20);    renderer.setLabelsTextSize(15);    renderer.setLegendTextSize(15);    renderer.setPointSize(5f);    renderer.setMargins(new int[] { 20, 30, 15, 20 });    int length = colors.length;    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {      XYSeriesRenderer r = new XYSeriesRenderer();      r.setColor(colors[i]);      r.setPointStyle(styles[i]);      renderer.addSeriesRenderer(r);    }  }  /**   * Sets a few of the series renderer settings.   *    * @param renderer the renderer to set the properties to   * @param title the chart title   * @param xTitle the title for the X axis   * @param yTitle the title for the Y axis   * @param xMin the minimum value on the X axis   * @param xMax the maximum value on the X axis   * @param yMin the minimum value on the Y axis   * @param yMax the maximum value on the Y axis   * @param axesColor the axes color   * @param labelsColor the labels color   */  protected void setChartSettings(XYMultipleSeriesRenderer renderer, String title, String xTitle,      String yTitle, double xMin, double xMax, double yMin, double yMax, int axesColor,      int labelsColor) {    renderer.setChartTitle(title);    renderer.setXTitle(xTitle);    renderer.setYTitle(yTitle);    renderer.setXAxisMin(xMin);    renderer.setXAxisMax(xMax);    renderer.setYAxisMin(yMin);    renderer.setYAxisMax(yMax);    renderer.setAxesColor(axesColor);    renderer.setLabelsColor(labelsColor);  }  /**   * Builds an XY multiple time dataset using the provided values.   *    * @param titles the series titles   * @param xValues the values for the X axis   * @param yValues the values for the Y axis   * @return the XY multiple time dataset   */  protected XYMultipleSeriesDataset buildDateDataset(String[] titles, List<Date[]> xValues,      List<double[]> yValues) {    XYMultipleSeriesDataset dataset = new XYMultipleSeriesDataset();    int length = titles.length;    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {      TimeSeries series = new TimeSeries(titles[i]);      Date[] xV = xValues.get(i);      double[] yV = yValues.get(i);      int seriesLength = xV.length;      for (int k = 0; k < seriesLength; k++) {        series.add(xV[k], yV[k]);      }      dataset.addSeries(series);    }    return dataset;  }  /**   * Builds a category series using the provided values.   *    * @param titles the series titles   * @param values the values   * @return the category series   */  protected CategorySeries buildCategoryDataset(String title, double[] values) {    CategorySeries series = new CategorySeries(title);    int k = 0;    for (double value : values) {      series.add("Project " + ++k, value);    }    return series;  }  /**   * Builds a multiple category series using the provided values.   *    * @param titles the series titles   * @param values the values   * @return the category series   */  protected MultipleCategorySeries buildMultipleCategoryDataset(String title,      List<String[]> titles, List<double[]> values) {    MultipleCategorySeries series = new MultipleCategorySeries(title);    int k = 0;    for (double[] value : values) {      series.add(2007 + k + "", titles.get(k), value);      k++;    }    return series;  }  /**   * Builds a category renderer to use the provided colors.   *    * @param colors the colors   * @return the category renderer   */  protected DefaultRenderer buildCategoryRenderer(int[] colors) {    DefaultRenderer renderer = new DefaultRenderer();    renderer.setLabelsTextSize(15);    renderer.setLegendTextSize(15);    renderer.setMargins(new int[] { 20, 30, 15, 0 });    for (int color : colors) {      SimpleSeriesRenderer r = new SimpleSeriesRenderer();      r.setColor(color);      renderer.addSeriesRenderer(r);    }    return renderer;  }  /**   * Builds a bar multiple series dataset using the provided values.   *    * @param titles the series titles   * @param values the values   * @return the XY multiple bar dataset   */  protected XYMultipleSeriesDataset buildBarDataset(String[] titles, List<double[]> values) {    XYMultipleSeriesDataset dataset = new XYMultipleSeriesDataset();    int length = titles.length;    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {      CategorySeries series = new CategorySeries(titles[i]);      double[] v = values.get(i);      int seriesLength = v.length;      for (int k = 0; k < seriesLength; k++) {        series.add(v[k]);      }      dataset.addSeries(series.toXYSeries());    }    return dataset;  }  /**   * Builds a bar multiple series renderer to use the provided colors.   *    * @param colors the series renderers colors   * @return the bar multiple series renderer   */  protected XYMultipleSeriesRenderer buildBarRenderer(int[] colors) {    XYMultipleSeriesRenderer renderer = new XYMultipleSeriesRenderer();    renderer.setAxisTitleTextSize(16);    renderer.setChartTitleTextSize(20);    renderer.setLabelsTextSize(15);    renderer.setLegendTextSize(15);    int length = colors.length;    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {      SimpleSeriesRenderer r = new SimpleSeriesRenderer();      r.setColor(colors[i]);      renderer.addSeriesRenderer(r);    }    return renderer;  }}

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通过阅读这个类的源码我们可以发现、对Chart实现了封装！我们只要简单的继承该类、重写以下方法即可实现我们自己的Chart！如下代码所示：折线图的实现：

这是我自己的一个业务Chart实现：

package com.example.shishi;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashMap;import org.achartengine.ChartFactory;import org.achartengine.chart.AbstractChart;import org.achartengine.chart.PointStyle;import org.achartengine.chartdemo.demo.chart.AbstractDemoChart;import org.achartengine.renderer.XYMultipleSeriesRenderer;import com.example.service.GetSSCDate;import com.example.service.GetSSCDate.DateStruct;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.graphics.Color;import android.graphics.Paint.Align;public class ShishiTrendChart extends AbstractDemoChart {private int _type;private ArrayList<String> _data;/** * 构造方法可以实现自定义的初始化工作：如：数据的获得 * @param type * @param data */public ShishiTrendChart(int type,ArrayList<String> data) {this._data =data;this._type=type;}@Overridepublic String getName() {return "号码走势图";}@Overridepublic String getDesc() {return null;}@Overridepublic Intent execute(Context context) {String[] legends = { "万", "千", "百", "十", "个" };// 图例名称数组String[] legend =new String[_type];// 图例名称数组for(int i=0;i<_type;i++){legend[i]=legends[4-i];}ArrayList<double[]> x = new ArrayList<double[]>();ArrayList<double[]> y = new ArrayList<double[]>();int size = _data.size();for(int j=0;j<legend.length;j++){//有几条曲线、就有几个x轴double[] xValues = new double[100];for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {xValues[i] = i + 1;}x.add(xValues);}for (int i = 1; i <= _type; i++) {//有几条曲线、就有几个y轴的坐标double[] yValues = new double[100];for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {yValues[j] = getNum(_data.get(j), i);}y.add(yValues);}int[] color = new int[] { Color.GRAY, Color.GREEN, Color.CYAN,Color.YELLOW, Color.GREEN };// 设置每条曲线的颜色 默认是5条int[] colors =new int[_type];// 实际曲线数量for(int i=0;i<_type;i++){colors[i]=color[4-i];}PointStyle[] style = new PointStyle[] { PointStyle.POINT,PointStyle.DIAMOND, PointStyle.TRIANGLE, PointStyle.SQUARE,PointStyle.CIRCLE };//设置默认曲线的点的形状PointStyle[] styles =new PointStyle[_type];// 实际曲线for(int i=0;i<_type;i++){styles[i]=style[4-i];}XYMultipleSeriesRenderer renderer = buildRenderer(colors, styles);//setChartSettings(renderer, getName(), "期号", "号码", 0, 100, 0, 9,Color.GRAY, Color.GRAY);renderer.setXLabels(10);// 设置x轴显示10个点,根据setChartSettings的最大值和最小值自动计算点的间隔renderer.setYLabels(10);// 设置y轴显示10个点,根据setChartSettings的最大值和最小值自动计算点的间隔renderer.setShowGrid(true);// 是否显示网格renderer.setApplyBackgroundColor(true);renderer.setBackgroundColor(Color.BLACK);renderer.setMarginsColor(Color.BLACK);renderer.setXLabelsAlign(Align.RIGHT);// 刻度线与刻度标注之间的相对位置关系renderer.setYLabelsAlign(Align.CENTER);// 刻度线与刻度标注之间的相对位置关系renderer.setZoomButtonsVisible(true);// 是否显示放大缩小按钮renderer.setPanLimits(new double[] { 0, 100, -1, 10 }); // 设置拖动时X轴Y轴允许的最大值最小值.//renderer.setZoomLimits(new double[] {  0, 100, -10, 20 });// 设置放大缩小时X轴Y轴允许的最大最小值.Intent intent = ChartFactory.getLineChartIntent(context,buildDataset(legend, x, y), renderer,getName());// 构建Intentreturn intent;}public double getNum(String s, int i) {s = s.split(",")[5-i];return Double.parseDouble(s);}}

?这样的代码是不是比以前版本的实现清晰、简洁了很多！

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以上代码根据官方实例得出！所以务必要写入官方的俩个实现类：public interface IDemoChart，public abstract class AbstractDemoChart implements IDemoChart这俩个类官方源码已经给出！复制到自己的项目当中就行！

对于饼图、柱状图就更简单了！

参考下列代码：

饼图：

package org.achartengine.chartdemo.demo.chart;import org.achartengine.ChartFactory;import org.achartengine.renderer.DefaultRenderer;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.graphics.Color;public class BudgetPieChart extends AbstractDemoChart {  public String getName() {    return "Budget chart";  }  public String getDesc() {    return "The budget per project for this year (pie chart)";  }  public Intent execute(Context context) {    double[] values = new double[] { 12, 14, 11, 10, 19 };//饼图分层5块,每块代表的数值    int[] colors = new int[] { Color.BLUE, Color.GREEN, Color.MAGENTA, Color.YELLOW, Color.CYAN };//每块饼图的颜色    DefaultRenderer renderer = buildCategoryRenderer(colors);    renderer.setZoomButtonsVisible(true);//设置显示放大缩小按钮    renderer.setZoomEnabled(true);//设置允许放大缩小.    renderer.setChartTitleTextSize(20);//设置图表标题的文字大小    return ChartFactory.getPieChartIntent(context, buildCategoryDataset("Project budget", values),        renderer, "Budget");//构建Intent, buildCategoryDataset是调用AbstraDemoChart的构建方法.    }}

?柱状图：

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package org.achartengine.chartdemo.demo.chart;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import org.achartengine.ChartFactory;import org.achartengine.chart.BarChart.Type;import org.achartengine.renderer.XYMultipleSeriesRenderer;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.graphics.Color;import android.graphics.Paint.Align;public class SalesStackedBarChart extends AbstractDemoChart {  public String getName() {    return "Sales stacked bar chart";  }  public String getDesc() {    return "The monthly sales for the last 2 years (stacked bar chart)";  }  public Intent execute(Context context) {    String[] titles = new String[] { "2008", "2007" };//图例    List<double[]> values = new ArrayList<double[]>();    values.add(new double[] { 14230, 12300, 14240, 15244, 15900, 19200, 22030, 21200, 19500, 15500,        12600, 14000 });//第一种柱子的数值    values.add(new double[] { 5230, 7300, 9240, 10540, 7900, 9200, 12030, 11200, 9500, 10500,        11600, 13500 });//第二中柱子的数值    int[] colors = new int[] { Color.BLUE, Color.CYAN };//两种柱子的颜色    XYMultipleSeriesRenderer renderer = buildBarRenderer(colors);//调用AbstractDemoChart中的方法构建renderer.    setChartSettings(renderer, "Monthly sales in the last 2 years", "Month", "Units sold", 0.5,        12.5, 0, 24000, Color.GRAY, Color.LTGRAY);//调用AbstractDemoChart中的方法设置renderer的一些属性.    renderer.getSeriesRendererAt(0).setDisplayChartValues(true);//设置柱子上是否显示数量值    renderer.getSeriesRendererAt(1).setDisplayChartValues(true);//设置柱子上是否显示数量值    renderer.setXLabels(12);//X轴的近似坐标数    renderer.setYLabels(5);//Y轴的近似坐标数    renderer.setXLabelsAlign(Align.LEFT);//刻度线与X轴坐标文字左侧对齐    renderer.setYLabelsAlign(Align.LEFT);//Y轴与Y轴坐标文字左对齐    renderer.setPanEnabled(true, false);//允许左右拖动,但不允许上下拖动.    // renderer.setZoomEnabled(false);    renderer.setZoomRate(1.1f);//放大的倍率    renderer.setBarSpacing(0.5f);//柱子间宽度    return ChartFactory.getBarChartIntent(context, buildBarDataset(titles, values), renderer,        Type.STACKED);//构建Intent, buildBarDataset是调用AbstractDemochart中的方法.  }}

?可以发现都是继承了抽象类AbstractDemoChart而实现的！

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很简单吧！

以下是一些技巧：

如何设置背景色：

renderer.setApplyBackgroundColor(true);//是否可以自定义背景色renderer.setBackgroundColor(Color.BLACK); //chart内部的背景色renderer.setMarginsColor(Color.BLACK);//chart边缘部分的背景色

?以上所述由校长整理、研究所得！

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1 楼 xiaozhi6156 2013-05-01 更想看到的是图 2 楼 wb1991wb 2013-05-01 xiaozhi6156 写道更想看到的是图
哈哈、百度一下你就会看AChartEngine官方Demo的实例图了！
我也上传了一个自己的图！
3 楼 sunsdw 2013-05-08 我用了你的曲线图，感觉你根据逗号截取的时候好像不对啊，还是要传什么固定格式的，我开始传的是1,2,3,但是不行，后来把你split那块去掉了，好使了，但是曲线明显不对啊，感觉你这块写的还不如官网的例子...其他部分都是一样的... 4 楼 wb1991wb 2013-05-15 sunsdw 写道我用了你的曲线图，感觉你根据逗号截取的时候好像不对啊，还是要传什么固定格式的，我开始传的是1,2,3,但是不行，后来把你split那块去掉了，好使了，但是曲线明显不对啊，感觉你这块写的还不如官网的例子...其他部分都是一样的...
我的曲线图只适合我的业务逻辑！