推荐阅读：
针对阅读理解的三个要素，总结规律如下：
一、文章 —— 要分清主次
文章难易与否，关键在于对文章整体思路的把握。具体按照我们上课所讲路标来把握段落中心和文章的框架。
二、题干 —— 要明确题型(和确定题干的中心词)
不同的题型有不同的做题方法，所以在看到一道题的时候要首先明确是四大题型的哪一种，针对性的来作答;其次就是要确定每一道题题干的中心词，以题干中心为依据来回归原文定位，最后再确定答案
三、选项 —— 要回归原文
排除法首选，无论选择哪一个选项一定要回归原文找依据，有依据才能选。
Passage 1
Television has opened windows in everybodys life. Young men will never again go to war as they did in 1914.Millions of people now have seen the effects of a battle.And the result has been a general dislike of war，and perhaps more interest in helping those who suffer from all the terrible things that have been shown on the screen.
Television has also changed politics.The most distant areas can now follow state affairs. see and hear the politicians before an election，Better informed，people are more likely to vote，and so to make their opinion count.
Unfortunately，teleVisions influence has been extremely harmful to the young.Children do not have enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unreal World;that TV advertisements lie to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless.They believe that the violence they see is normal and acceptable.All educators agree that the“television generations”are more violent than their parents and grandparents.
Also，the young are less patient Used to TV shows， where everything is quick and Interesting，they do not have the patience to read an article without pictures;to read a book that requires thinking;to listen to a teacher who doesn't do funny things like the people on childrens programs.And they expect all problems to be solved happily in ten，fifteen，or thirty minutes.
That's the time it takes on the screen.
1.In the past，many young people__________.
A.knew the effects of war B.went in for politics
C.liked to save the wounded in wars D. were willing to be soldiers
2.Now with TV people can______________.
A.discuss politis at an information center
B.show more interest in politics
C.make their own decisions on political affairs
D.express their opinions freelv
3.The author thinks that TV advertisements
A.are not reliable on the whole B.are useless to people
C.are a good guide to adults D.are very harmful to the young
4.Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A.People have become used to crimes now
B.With a TV set some problems can be solved quickly
C.People now like to read books with pictures.
D.The adults are less violent than the young.
5. From the passage，we can conclude that
A.children should keep away from TV
B. TV programs should be improved
C.childrens books should have pictures
D.TV has a deep influence on the young
Passage 2
Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic.
Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grand-parents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal-clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds and, above all, the insects.
I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other people's observations and discoveries. Then something hap- pens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle (谜), because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor with the title of scientific research.
But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist; one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality 1 lack. A scientist requires not only self-discipline but hard training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.
1. The first paragraph tells us that the author_______________.
A. was born to a naturalist's family
B. lost his hearing when he was a child
C. didn't like his brothers and sisters
D. was interested in flowers and insects in his childhood
2. The author can't remember his relatives clearly because ______________.
A. he didn't live very long with them
B. he was fully occupied with observing nature
C. he was too young when he lived with them
D. the family was extremely large
3. It can be inferred from the passage that the author was _______________.
A. no more than a born naturalist B. a naturalist but not a scientist
C. a scientist as well as a naturalist D. first of all a scientist
4. The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he___________.
A. lacks some of the qualities required of a scientist
B. has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmetic
C. just reads about other people's observations and discoveries
D. comes up with solutions in a most natural way
5. According to the author, a born naturalist should first of all be ______________.
A. full of ambition B. full of enthusiasm
C. knowledgeable D. self-disciplined
Passage 3
With oil prices and interest rates low，more and more Americans are buying boats——and as traffic on the waterways increases，so does the number of accidents from drinking and driving on water.A National Transportation Safety Board study concludes that drinking may be a factor in 80 percent of the 1，000 or so deaths in boating accidents that occur every year.Yet anyone can drive a boat without a license (执照) drinking on board is almost universally 1egal.Experts say drunken boating may be even more dangerous than drunken driving.Boating on a crowded waterway can be in complete disorder：there are no stop signs, traffic lights or 1ane markers. Speed restrictions are nonexistent outside harbors.Some boats have terrible power and top speeds ——and no boat has brakes (制动器) .Combined with the effects of all the sun，wind，waves and happy tiredness that go with boadng,even moderate amounts of alcohol (酒精) can be dangerous.According to one recent study,a boater's judgment and behavior can be worsened by only about a third as much alcohol as it would take on land.Only recently have many states begun to take action against drunken boating.The key is passing laws to set a medical standard for bloodalcohol level and to a11ow police to test blood-alcohol levels on the spot. Increasingly，speed restrictions are also being set on crowded waterways.Some experts also suggest granting 1icenses for boat operators.The license requirement could be used to sbengthen safety training and to keep repeat offenders off the water.It would also make it arder for beginners and children to go joyriding in high—performance boats.
1.What is the main cause of the increase of traffic on water?
A.People are willing to spend money on boating
B.Boating enjoys greater freedom than drinking on land.
C. Boating is less expensive than before.
D. Boating is more exciting than driving on land.
2. In the passage, it is implied that____
A. drinking should be restricted as severely for drving on water as on land
B. traffic signs should also be adopted on crowded waterways
C. speed limits should be set inside and outside harbor
D. a limited amount of alcohol is allowable for driving on water
3.Why is drunken boating more dangerous than drunken driving?
A.Because of the enjoyment of boating
B.Because of the terrible power and high speed.
C.Because of the crowded waterways.
D.Because of the lack of traffic regulations.
4.The most effective means to reduce boating accidents is________________
A.to issue rigid traffic regulations
B.to make laws against drunken boating
C.to forbid the use of swift boats
D.to force boats to be equipped with brakes
5.Another effective measure suggested against accidents is______________
A.to issue license
B.to prevent beginners from driving boats
C.to keep offenders off the water
D.to prevent people from riding boats in bad weather
Passage 4
The United States is a country made up of many different races. Usually they are mixed together and can't be told one from another. But many of them still talk about where their ancestors came from. It is something they are proud of.
The original Americans, of course, were the Indians. The so-called white men who then came were mostly from England. But many crone from other countries like Germany and France.
One problem the United States has always had is discrimination. As new groups came to the United States they found they were discriminated against. First it was the Irish and Italians. Later it was the blacks. Almost every group has been able to eventually escape this discrimination. The only immigrants who have not are the blacks. Surprisingly enough the worst discrimination today is shown towards the Indians.
One reason the Indians are discriminated against is that they have tried so hard to keep their identity. Of course they are not the only ones who have done so. The Japanese have their Little Tokyo in Los Angeles and the Chinese a Chinatown New York. The Dutch settlement in Pennsylvania also stays separate from other people. Their towns are like something from the 19th century. They have a different reason than the other groups for staying apart. They live separately for religious reasons rather than keeping together in a racial group.
Although some groups have kept themselves separate and others have been discriminated against, all groups have helped make the United States a great country. There is no group that has not helped in some way. And there is no group that can say they have done the most to make it a great country.
Many people still come from other countries to help the United States grow. A good example is the American project that let a man walk on the moon. It was a scientist from Germany who was most responsible for doing that. It is certain that in the future the United States will still need tile help of people from all racial groups to remain a great country.
1. Which of the following statements can best describe the main idea of this passage?
A. The United States is a country made up of many different races.
B. Discrimination is the most serious problem in the United States.
C. All the races in the United States have helped make the country a great one.
D.The prosperity of the United States is mainly due to the hard work of the most discriminated races.
2. In the first paragraph, the word "told" means _______________.
A. separated B. distinguished C. revealed D. made known
3. This passage implies that discrimination is a problem which ______________.
A. many races in the United States have experienced
B. is still very serious in the United States
C. has already been solved in the United States
D. is strongly opposed by many different races in the United States
4. The main reason why the Indians are most discriminated against is that ____________.
A. they have tried hard to keep their religious
B. they have tried hard to live together to keep their Indian customs
C. they are the only ones who tried to keep their identity
D. they discriminate many other races
5. The Dutch live separately in Pennsylvania_________________.
A. to escape discrimination B. to enjoy themselves in their own towns
C. to keep together in a racial group D. for religious reasons
Passage 5
In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the worker's life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then variety is not an important factor.
Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modem factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it. Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line, It would seem that not only is degree of worker contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.
To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.
1. Which of these possible factors leading to greater productivity is not true?
A. To make jobs more varied.
B. To give the worker freedom to do his job in his own way.
C. Degree of work contribution.
D. Demands for longer working hours.
2. Why workers want more money?
A. Because their jobs are too boring. B. In order to enjoy more spare time.
C. To make their jobs more interesting. D. To demand shorter working hours.
3. The last sentence in this passage means that if we succeed in making workers' jobs more interesting______________.
A. they will want more money
B. they will demand shorter working hours
C. more money and shorter working hours are important factors
D. more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them
4. In this passage, the author tells us ______________.
A. how to make the workers more productive
B. possible factors leading to greater efficiency
C. to what extent more money leads to greater productivity
D. how to make workers' jobs more interesting
5. The author of this passage is probably a _______________.
A. teacher B. worker C. manager D. physicist
答案： passage 1 1—5 DDACB passage 2 1—5 BCCBB
passage 3 1—5 CADBA passage 4 1---5 BBBCC
passage 5 1—5 DADBC