Directions：For this part,you are allowed 30minutesto write a short essay entitled Students’Evaluation of Their Teachers followingthe outline given below.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
1.学生对教师的评估被越来越广泛地应用。
2.人们对其持不同态度
3.你的看法
Students’Evaluationof Their Teachers
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Part II ReadingComprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over thepassage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
The"Lost" Great Wall of China
A forgotten section of the Great Wall of China has been discovereddeep in the Gobi Desert--and outside of China--researchers say.
With the help of Google Earth, an international expeditiondocumented the ancient wall for roughly 100 kilometers (62 miles) in arestricted border zone in southern Mongolia in August 2011.
The defensive barrier formed part of the Great Wail system builtby successive Chinese dynasties to repel Mongol invaders from the north,according to findings published in the March issue of the Chinese edition of NationalGeographic magazine. (The National Geographic Society is responsible for both themagazine and Nationai Geographic News.)
Preserved to a height of 9 feet (2.75 meters) in places, thedesert discovery belongs to a sequence of remnant( 遗留的 ) walls in Mongoliacollectively known as the Wall of Genghis Khan, said expedition leader and GreatWall researcher William Lindesay.
Named after the founder of the Mongol Empire, the Wall of GenghisKhan usually survives only as "a faint trace," Lindesay said in anemail.
But "we found a 'real wail', standing high and existing as adominant landscape feature," he said.
What's more, it wasn't the work of Genghis Khan or his heirs butactually a long-lost segment of the Great Wall of China network, the team'sfindings suggest.
First to Investigate New Great Wall?
Close to China in the border region of omnogovi Province, theancient structure hadn't been scientifically explored or studied before, saidLindesay, director of the International Friends of the Great Wall conservation group,based in Beijing, China.
"We're the first to investigate the ruins," he said.
"According to the army officers who minded us, we were thefirst outsiders to be allowed into the area,"
Lindesay added. "We assumed various local Mongolians had beento the area, but had not considered the structure of much interest."
At times seeking out topographic clues seen in Google Earth--thewall is visible on satellite images—the team located two well preserved butcontrasting stretches of wall. One section had been made mainly with wet mudand a woody desert shrub(灌木)called saxaul(梭梭树)，the other from blocks of black volcanic rock.
Along its vast length, Lindesay suspects, the wall originallystood at least 2 meters (6.5 feet) taller than it does today.
"What we found was just the last remaining piece of a 'fossil'--the skull or the large thighbone, with the rest missing," hesaid.
"One can expect the wall was both much higher and continuousfor vast distances."
That dark basaltic rock(玄武岩)seems to have been an obvious choice for thesecond stretch，which crosses the rugged(崎岖的)remains of extinct volcanoes.
The clean，straight edges to the blocks indicate that the stone was quarried(开采)，which would have required a large，organized work.force and an efficienttransport system，the team said.
Rewriting History
Ancient Mongolian texts suggest that the so-called Wall of GenghisKhan was built as an animal fence by Khan's son Ogedei to keep wild gazelle (羚羊) on his land.
But the recently explored Gobi Desert wall segment isn't in aregion where large herds of gazelle occur.
"There would be no reason to build an animal wall in theGobi," said anthropologist (人类学家) and Mongolia historian Jack Weathefford,formerly of Macalester College, Minnesota.
Chinese researchers, perhaps not surprisingly, have speculatedthat China's Han dynasty had erected these little-studied stretches in about115 B.C.
But radiocarbon (放射性碳) dating of partly exposed wood and roperemains extracted from the wall indicates that the saxaul-segment constructionoccurred about a thousand years later than thought, from A.D. 1040 to 1160.
Those dates hint that the Western Xia dynasty built the walls--orat least rebuilt old Han walls on the sites.
Holding Back the Mongol Tide
This northwestern Chinese dynasty isn't known to have contributedto the Great Wall system, but in at least one aspect, a Western Xia originmakes sense.
During the Western Xia period, Mongol tribes were rising instrength and making forays ( 侵略 ) south,
Lindesay noted.
"If one imagines the wall as a platform, with some kind ofbattlement--perhaps of wooden stakes, functioning as a shield to those manningits top---then it would have been an effective defense installation ( 防护驻地)," he said.
But, mysteriously, the expedition team found no pottery, no trash,no coins, no weapons--nothing to prove the wall was ever actually manned. Nordid they find any of the watchtowers that mark surviving sections of the
Great Wall within China.
"The wall system was incomplete," Lindesay said."It not only lacked the signaling capability to make smoke signals--itdidn't appear to be capable of accommodating troops."
Unfinished Business
"I believe the wall here is only half built and that therewas, for some reason, a rethink on locating the wall here," Lindesay said.
It isn't difficult to imagine how the purported (传说中的) Great Wall segment's harshdesert location might have led to the remote frontier defense being abandoned,he added.
Weatherford, the Minnesota-based anthropologist, agrees withLindesay's conclusion that the newfound remains were Chinese constructions.
There's a good reason, Weatherford added, that the stretchnevertheless carries Genghis Khan's name.
Mongolians, he said, are sensitive to the idea of "Chinesestructures built on their land", since it carries the
possible claim that the land was once Chinese.
"By calling it the Genghis Khan Wall, the name makes theplace Mongolian and rejects foreign influence,"
Weatherford said.
He also describes the expedition new findings as"veryimportant, because to my knowledge this wall has not been studied."
"I would risk saying that it is the largest human-madestructure or artifact in all of Mongolia," he added. "It is amazingto me that it is not already much better analyzed."
1. According to thispassage, the purpose of building the Great Wall system is to __________.
A) avoid the trouble of sending an army to defend the area
B) repel Mongol invaders from the north
C) indicate where the b. order line between Mongol and China is
D) rival with the Wall of Genghis Khan
2. Who is William Lindesay?
A) An expert on Great Wall.
B) An editor with National Geographic magazine.
C) A scientist who named the section the Wall of Genghis Khan.
D) An expert on this forgotten section of the Great Wall
3. According to this passage, the newly discovered section of theGreat Wall is
A) the work of Genghis Khan
B) the work of Genghis Khan's heirs
C) a part of the Great Wall of China
D) a part of the City Wall of the capital of Mongolia
4. Lindesay and his expedition team was the first group to
A) investigate the remaining walls
B) discover the wall ruins
C) approach the Wall of Genghis Khan
D) notice the forgotten Great Wall in Google Earth
5. Lindesay assumes that the original height of the wall was about__________.
A) 2 meters
B) 6.5 feet
C) 9 meters
D) 15.5 feet
6. According to Jack Weatherford, why is it not possible that theso-called Wall of Genghis Khan was built to keep wild gazelle on the land?
A) Because Mongol tribes hate gazelle.
B) Because gazelle herds are rarely seen in that area.
C) Because people would never build an animal fence like that.
D) Because gazelle would jump over the fence.
7. According to this passage, the walls were very likely builtby__________.
A) the Han Dynasty
B) the Mongol tribes
C) the Western Xia Dynasty
D) an unknown tribe
8. Compared with the Great wall within China, the newly found walldoes not have watchtowers, which could be used to__________ during the wars.
9. According to this passage, the reason why the wall is calledthe Genghis Khan Wall is that__________.
10. Weatherford also thinks it is amazing that this section ofwall, being such a large human-made structure, is not__________.
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversationsand 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or morequestions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), anddecide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
11. A) He got off the bus at the wrong stop.
B) He has a good reason to be angry.
C) He isn't careful with his belongings.
D) He doesn't have an extra umbrella.
12. A) She has another meeting.
B) She feels the grade is all right.
C) She thinks it would be wrong to change the grade.
D) She can meet with the student that afternoon.
13. A) Make an effort to reach a compromise.
B) Finish the first half of the project right away.
C) Have the teacher review the project.
D) Meet his partner in the middle of town.
14. A) To a real estate agency.
B) To a car rental agency.
C) To a computer store.
D) To a music store.
15. A) It was designed by modem artists.
B) Its best selection is of modem art paints.
C) Its merchandise must be carefully sorted through.
D) It colors black-and-white prints.
16. A) Take her calls.
B) Make plans to meet her.
C) Write out a list of her calls.
D) Telephone her later in the day.
17. A) Give her the correct time.
B) Use her notes.
C) Time the speech.
D) Continue revising.
18. A) He has climbed the same mountain last year.
B) He hasn't traveled around the world yet.
C) He definitely does not want to go.
D) He's always been looking forward to climbing that mountain.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have justheard.
19. A) By train and by car.
B) By plane and by coach.
C) By train and by bus.
D) By bus and by plane.
20. A) Glasses.
B) Short hair.
C) Moustache.
D) Beard.
21. A) In the third room on the right.
B) In the Common Room.
C) In a room at this end.
D) In Room 501.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have justheard.
22. A) He drives too fast.
B) His radio wakes her children up.
C) He plays his guitar too loudly.
D) His friends are too noisy.
23. A) At midnight.
B) In the morning.
C) When the neighbors' son leaves for work.
D) When the car is turned off.
24. A) She doesn't want to make a bad first impression.
B) She is afraid of getting too nervous.
C) She is afraid they won't listen.
D) She knows that they can't do anything about it.
25. A) Nancy should call her neighbors to complain.
B) Nancy should introduce her children to her neighbors.
C) Nancy should ask her neighbors'son to babysit.
D) Nancy should bring her neighbors a gift.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. Atthe end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose thebest answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. A) Electric cars.
B) Increasing fuel efficiency.
C) California's pollution laws.
D) Automobile safety.
27. A) They are cheaper.
B) They do not pollute.
C) They are simpler to drive.
D) They are faster.
28. A) It is not comfortable.
B) R cannot go long distances without recharging.
C) It is difficult to steer.
D) Its engine easily overheats.
Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. A) To show a videotape on survival in outer space.
B) To gain support for the space program.
C) To describe her experience on space missions.
D) To inform the audience about the space suit.
30. A) The lack of air pressure.
B) The extremely hot or cold temperature.
C) Exposure to radiation.
D) An inadequately ventilated space suit.
31. A) A videotape.
B) A book.
C) A picture.
D) An oxygen tank.
Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32. A) It helps the body to digest food.
B) It keeps milk fresh.
C) It helps the body to absorb calcium.
D) It prevents sunburn.
33. A) Oranges.
B) Milk.
C) Tomatoes.
D) Bread.
34. A) Ten minutes of exercise each day.
B) Ultraviolet rays.
C) Vitamin supplements.
D) Eight hours of sleep each night.
35. A) Their bones may become weak.
B) They may lose weight.
C) They may develop wrinkles.
D) They may become allergic to milk.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully forits general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you arerequired to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words youhave just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill inthe missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact wordsyou have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally,when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you havewritten.
Women still have a complex and contradictory relationship withtheir own image according to a poll that found 25 percent of those (36)__________wouldrather win the "America's Next Top Model" TV show than the (37)__________Peace Prize.
And although 75 percent of women (38) __________said they would bewilling to (39) __________their heads to save the life of a stranger; more thana (40) __________of those taking part admitted they would make their bestfriend fat for life, if it meant they could be thin.
As for that age-old (41) __________of whether to marry for wealthor looks, half of the 18- to 24-year-olds questioned said they would marry anugly man if he were a (42) __________.
The poll for U.S. television network Oxygen, which is (43) __________atyoung women, also found that(44) __________ .
"This survey reveals(45) __________,"said Dr. Jenn Berman,psychotherapist and judge of the upcoming new Oxygen series "PrettyWicked".
"As shown in several results, (46) __________. This surveyhighlights the dichotomy ( 对分;二分法) in all of us," Berman said.
More than 2,000 women aged 18-34 were interviewed for the poll.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices givenin a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully beforemaking your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Pleasemark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a singleline through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more thanonce.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Nearly a third of women are the main breadwinners in theirhousehold in Britain, according to a major survey.Researchers said that in manyrelationships it was no longer assumed that the man would bring in the bigger income，47 in a time of widespreadredundancies(裁员).
In a 48 shift in attitudes, four out of ten women saidthat the career of whichever partner had the highest income would take 49 in the relationship.
In one in ten families, a house husband looks after the childrenand does the 50 while their female partner works full time.
Ten percent of women admitted this role 51 had put strains on their relationship andsome said it had even led to them 52 company.
The Women and Work Survey 2010，commissioned(受……委托)by Grazia magazine，found that almost halfof full-time mothers 53 not earning their own money.
And two thirds of the mothers among the 2,000 women in the surveysaid they wanted to keep working in some way after having children.
A 54 higher number of those with childrenunder three said they would prefer to work--preferably part-time----rather thanstay at home.
Victoria Harper of Grazia said,"Women are getting good jobswhen they graduate, and working up the career 55 faster than they have ever done."
This means that there has to be more 56 between the roles of men and women in arelationship and when they have children.
A) precedence I) especially
B) connection J) parting
C) prospect K) opposite
D) slightly L) chores
E) ladder M) disliked
F) favored N) fluidity
G) plan O) significant
H) reversal
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage isfollowed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning totalk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stoptalking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the languagehe uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes thenecessary changes to make his language like other people's. In the same way,when children learn to do all the other things they learn to do without beingtaught to walk, run, climb; whistle, ride a bicycle--compare those performanceswith those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But inschool we never give a child a chance to find out his own mistakes for himself,let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that hewould never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct itunless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do ithimself. Let him work out; with the help of other children if he wants it, whatthis word says, what answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way ofsaying or doing this or not.
If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics orscience, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why shouldwe teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the childwhen he tells us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let's end thisnonsense of grades, exams,marks. Let us throw them all out. and let thechildren learn what all educated persons must someday learn, how to measuretheir own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.
Let them get on with this job in the way that seems most sensibleto them with our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea thatthere is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest ofone's life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours.Anxious parents and teachers say, "But suppose they fail to learnsomething essential, something they will need to get in the world?" Don't worry!If it is essential,they will go out into the world and learn it.
57. What does the author think is the best way for children tolearn things?
A) By imitating what other people do.
B) By making mistakes and having them corrected.
C) By listening to explanations from skilled people.
D) By asking a great many questions.
58. The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning toride a bicycle are
A) not really important skills
B) mort important than other skills
C) basically different from learning adult skills
D) basically the same as learning other skills
59. According to the passage, the author thinks teachers in schoolshould
A) allow children to learn by himself or herself
B) point out children's mistakes whenever they're found
C) correct children's mistakes as soon as possible
D) give children more book knowledge
60. The author believes the teacher's role in children's learningshould be.
A) the identifier and corrector of their errors
B) their helper and guide
C) the person to grade their performance and give feedbacks
D) the person to pass on something essential to them
61. The title of this passage could probably be
A) Let Teachers Stop Work
B) Let Us Make Children Learn
C) Let Children Correct Their Own Papers
D) Let Children Learn by Themselves
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of thebest ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university toattend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decisionworksheet.
Psychologists who study optimization ( 最优化 ) compare the actual decisionsmade by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are.Proponents (支持者) of the worksheet procedure believethat it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there areseveral variations on the exact format that worksheets can take,they are allsimilar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the problem ina clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem.Next, the pertinent (相关的) considerations that will beaffected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of eachconsideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned anumerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematicallycalculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highestnumber of points emerges as the best decision.
Since most important problems are multifaceted (多层面的), there are severalalternatives to choose frown, each with unique advantages and disadvantages.One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that itpermits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generallycomprehend and
remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas intheir minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decisioninvolves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic examplefor my college students is the question "What will I do aftergraduation?" A graduate might seek a
position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanceddegree, or travel abroad for a year.
A decision-making worksheet begins with succinct (简洁的) statement of the problem thatwill also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinctionbetween long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve adifferent decision than short-range ones. Focusing on long-range goals, agraduating
student might revise the question above to "What will I doafter graduation that will lead to a successful career?"
62. Of he following steps__________ is the one that occurs beforethe others in making a decision worksheet.
A) listing the consequences of each solution
B) calculating a numerical summary of each solution
C) writing down all possible solutions
D) deciding which consequences are most important
63.According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision isdefined as one hat__________.
A) has the fewest variables to consider
B) uses the most decision worksheets
C) has the most points assigned to it
D) is agreed to by the greatest number of people
64. The author develops the discussion in paragraph 1 by meansof__________.
A) describing a process
B) classifying different types
C) providing historical background
D) explaining a theory
65. The author's attitude towards a pencil and paperdecision-making procedure is __________.
A) neural
B) approving
C) ambiguous
D) biased
66. The passage mainly discusses __________.
A) a tool to assist in making complex decisions
B) a comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions
C) research on how people make decisions
D) differences between making long-range and short-range decisions
Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For eachblank there are four choices marked A), B),C) and D) on the right side of thepaper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
For too many young people today, citizenship is an abstractconcept, not a part of their daily lives. By calling on our 67 to help their neighbors, school-based communityservice teaches an important 68 that being an American 69 bothrights and responsibilities. It's at least as important a(n) 70 as mathematics or physics, maybe more.
It's a myth, pure and simple, that supporting a mandatory" (义务性的) community service requirementautomatically means 71 individual rights. On the contrary, it can be a 72 sign that schools are 73 service and citizenship seriously. Myorganization 74 to no one in thepassionate defense of cherished American 75 andfreedom, whether it's freedom of speech, religion, reproductive rights or civilrights. We also 76 just as strongly, however, that thespirit of community 77 the freedom we enjoy.
School-based programs can and should be designed to 78 that community spirit, while carefully safeguardingFirst Amendment protections.
To 79 both goals, they must have clear 80 purposesand components. A wide range of service 81 must be provided so thatyoung people aren't forced to participate in activities that make themuncomfortable. This is 82 common sense.
The idea of service is 83 new or startling(令人吃惊的). Just look at the warm andoverwhelming response 84 disasters like Hurricane Andrew. There'snothing 85 with trying to impart the 86 ethic of helping others to a newgeneration.
67. A) citizens
B) teachers
C) youth
D) family
68. A) idea
B) reason
C) example
D) lesson
69. A) requires
B) involves
C) demands
D) consists
70. A) achievement
B) replacement
C) requirement
D) advancement
71. A) surrendering
B) suspending
C) surveying
D) surviving
72. A) marked
C) affirmative
B) positive
D) negative
73. A) taking
B) viewing
C) seeing
D) thinking
74. A) agrees
B) fails
C) turns
D) yields
75. A) responsibilities
B) duties
C) fights
D) opinions
76. A) suspect
B) believe
C) assume
D) state
77. A) sustains
B) supplements
C) summons
D) suggests
78. A) formulate
B) forge
C) foster
D) forbid
79. A) include
B) meet
C) acquire
D) arrive
80. A) supervisory
B) instructive
C) tutorial
D) educational
81.A) forms
B) options
C) tools
D) titles
82. A) very
B) specially
C) plain
D) particularly
83. A) anything
B) everything
C) nothing
D) something
84. A) for
B) about
C) by
D) to
85. A) right
B) wrong
C) difficult
D) easy
86. A) valuable
B) value-free
C) valueless
D) useful
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
Directions：Complete the sentences by translating intoEnglish the Chinese given in brackets Please write your translation on AnswerSheet 2.
87.We hurried to the railway station，__________(不料我们的车已经开走了).
88.But for the class I needed to attend，__________(我就会陪你去医院了).
89.Man should not exploit the natural resources__________ (以牺牲其他物种为代价).
90.Sleepers are available on most routes on the train，costing__________ (大约两倍)standard seats.
91.__________ (正是由于她没有经验)that she does not knowhow to deal with the situation
答案精析
Part I Writing
【范文】
Students’Evaluationof Their teachers
Nowadays，at the end of each semester，besides theroutine preparation for the coming exams，students have anotherthing to do :to fill out evaluation forms and evaluate their teachers.In some schools，this kind of evaluation hasbecome the sole and only way to judge the teachers’performance and teachingquality.
A lot of controversy over the effectiveness of such evaluationssprings up.There are people who applaud this kind of evaluation，saying that since students are the center of educational activities，their judgments about whether a teacher is competent or not are ofthe utmost importance.On the other hand，there are people who are strongly against it，believing an effective judgment involves many aspects;students，young as they are，may only evaluate the teachers according to their personal likes anddislikes.
In my opinion，the students’evaluation is an indispensable partof the teacher—evaluation，but should be deignedscientifically，and be combined with other evaluationcriteria such as the students’progress，the colleagues’commentsand the teachers’achievements in scientific research.etc.
【译文】
学生对教师的评估
如今，在学期末的时候，学生们除了要像往常一样为即将到来的考试做准备，还有另外一件事情要做：填写评估表格，为他们的老师打分。在一些学校，这种评估已经成为评价教师表现和教学质量的唯一方式。对于这种评估方式的有效性有许多争议。一些人支持这种方法，他们认为既然学生是教学活动的中心，那么他们对于一个老师是否胜任的评价就是至关重要的;另一方面，还有一些人强烈反对这一做法。他们认为有效的评估涉及许多方面;学生们的年龄都不大，因此很有可能仅凭个人好恶对教师进行评判。在我看来，学生对教师的评价是教师评估不可或缺的一个方面，但是此类评估应该经过科学的设计，并与其他的评估标准相结合，比如：学生的进步、同事的评价以及教师的科研成果等等。
【要点用法】
semester学期 applaud赞成，支持
routine惯常的 competent胜任的
fill out填写 utmost importance极其重要
sole and only唯一的personal likes and dislikes个人好恶
controversy争议 indispensable不可或缺的
spring up出现 criteria标准(复数)
【句法点评】
1.Nowadays，at the end of each semester，besides the routine preparation for the coming exams，students have another thing to do：to fillout evaluation forms and evaluate their teachers.
besides…为插入语，表示“除了……”，使句式更为灵活。to fill out forms/a form的用法比较地道，表示“填写表格”。
2.There are people who applaud this kind of evaluation，saying that…on the other hand，there are people who are strongly against it，believing...
用on the other hand区分截然不同的两种观点，逻辑分明。there arepeople who分别引出两句，较为工整。saying和believing皆为现在分词表示伴随，增加了句式的难度。
3.…an effective judgment involves many aspects;students，young as they are，may only evaluate theteachers according to their personal likes and dislikes.
young as they are为后置定语和插入语，修饰students。accordingto their personal likes and dislikes为状语，用法地道，并且遵循了英语句子“尾重”的规律。
4.…the students’evaluation is an indispensablepart of the teacher-evaluation.but should be designedscientifically，and be combined with other evaluationcriteria such s...
一个长句自成一段，主干结构是me students’evaluation is…but should be…and be…，一气呵成，且主动与被动相结合。such as引出后面的列举。
Part ⅢReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
【参考译文】
【答案解析】
1.B
线索词：the purpose of building the Great Wall system
定位处：文章第二段开头。
解析：原文提到：“调查研究表明，中国历代王朝都在不问断地修筑长城以抵御北部蒙古部落的入侵。”A项“避免派遣驻军的麻烦”、C项“划清与蒙古国的界线”、D项“与成吉思汗城墙一争高下”均不正确。应选B。
2.A
线索词：William Lindesay
定位处：文章第三段。
解析：原文提到：“本次探险队的领队、长城研究专家威廉•林赛说，蒙古境内残留的一系列城墙被称做‘成吉思汗城墙”’。可见，他是一名研究长城的专家，而不单单是研究这段不为人所知的城墙的专家。故选A。
3.C
线索词：the newly discovered section of the Great Wall定位处：文章第六段。
解析：原文提到：“而且，该小组的发现表明，这不是成吉思汗或者其后人建造的，事实上却是长期以来中国万里长城不为人知的一段。”可见，这段新发现的长城是中国万里长城的一部分。
4.A
线索词：Lindesay and his expedition team,the first group定位处：第一个小标题First to Investigate New Great Wall?下的第二段。
解析：原文提到，林赛说，他们是第一批研究这处遗迹的人。下一段提到他们是第一批获准进入该地区的外国人;可能有当地蒙古人曾来过该地区;林赛他们是否是首先在“谷歌地球”上发现这段长城的人在文中找不到依据;故只有A项正确。remaining walls是ruins的同义转述。
5.D
线索词：the original height of the wall
定位处：第一个小标题First to Investigate New Great Wall?下的第六段。
解析：原文提到：“根据现在城墙绵延数里的长度，林赛推测，城墙原先的高度至少应比现在高2米(约6.5英尺)。”文章第三段则提到“墙体高9英尺(约2.75米)”，将两者结合即可知原先的墙体可能高迭15.5英尺(4.75米)。故选D。
6.B
线索词：not possible，to keep wild gazelle on theland
定位处：第二个小标题Rewriting History下的第一、二段。
解析：原文提到：“据古代蒙古文献记载，这段所谓的‘成吉思汗城墙’是可汗的儿子窝阔台为了在他的领地圈养野生羚羊而修建的动物围栏。但是，最近在戈壁沙漠发现的这段城墙所在地并非野生羚羊群经常出没的地带。”可见答案为B。
7.C
线索词：the walls were very likely built by
定位处：第二个小标题Rewriting History下的倒数第一、二段。
解析：原文提到：“结果显示，用木头材质修建的那段城墙出现的时间比预测的要晚一千多年，时间大约为公元1040年到公元1160年。这些日期表明，是西夏王朝修建了这些城墙，或者至少可以说，他们在汉代旧城墙的基础上重建了城墙。”故选C。
8.make/send smoke signals
线索词：Compared with the Great wall within China，watchtowers
定位处：第三个小标题Holding Back the Mongol Tide下的最后一段。
解析：原文提到：“‘城墙体系并不完善，’林赛说，‘它不仅不能发送信号(发送烟雾信号)，好像也不能驻军。”’可见the watchtowers的作用即是make/send smoke signals。
9.the name makes the place Mongolian and rejects foreign influence
线索词：why the wail is called the Genghis Khan Wall
定位处：文章倒数第三段。
解析：原文提到：“蒙古人把这里称做‘成吉思汗城墙’，让这个地方听起来别具蒙古风格，而免受外国因素的干扰。”因此答案为the name makes the place Mongolian and rejects foreign influence。
10.already much better analyzed
线索词：it is amazing that，large human—made structure
定位处：文章最后一段最后一句。
解析：该段提到：“他继续说，‘对我来说，目前对这个地方还没有更好的研究，真的很令人惊讶。”’意即it is amazing that this section of wall is not already much betteranalyzed，故应填入already much better analyzed
Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension
Section A
11.C
M." I think Tom left his umbrella on the bus.
W: Why he's so careless is really beyond me.
Q: What does the woman say about Tom?
【听前预测】
1.四项均以he开头，其中一项为一般过去时，三项为一般现在时。
2.四项均含有负面或消极色彩的词汇(wrong，angry，isn'tcareful，doesn’thave)。
结论：对话可能与发生在某位男士身上的不好的事情有关。
【解析】男士说：“我想汤姆将他的雨伞忘在公共汽车上了。”女士回答道：“我真不能理解他怎么会这样粗心。”isn’t careful为careless的同义转述，故选C。
12.D
M: Professor Jones, when can we meet to discuss my grade?
W: Would four o'clock be all right?
Q: What does the professor mean?
【听前预测】
1.四项均以she开头。
2.三项含有与学生有关的词汇(grade，student)
3.两项含有与约见有关的词汇(meeting，meet)。
结论：对话很可能与见面以及学生的分数有关。
【解析】男士问道：“琼斯教授，我们什么时候可以见面讨论一下我的分数的事?”女士回答说：“四点怎么样?”可见女士将在下午与男士见面。故选D。
13.A
M: My chemistry project is in trouble because my partner and I hadtotally different ideas about how to proceed.
W: You should try to meet each other half way.
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?
【听前预测】
1.四项均以动词原形开头，可能指某人将要做某事。
2.两项提及project。
结论：对话可能与进行某一项目有关，应将听音重点放在动作上。
【解析】男士说：“我的化学研究项目碰到了麻烦，因为我和同伴对于研究应该如何继续有完全不同的想法。”女士回答道：“你们应该互相妥协一下。”meet each other half way是习语，意为“取折中意见，互相妥协”，应注意掌握。故选A。
14.A
M: I have to look for a room to rent.
W: How about trying Carters? They usually have a long list ofplaces.
Q: Where will the man probably go?
【听前预测】
1.四项均以to开头，后接目的地。
2.两项含有agency，两项含有store。
结论：本题可能考查某人将要去某个地方。应留意对话中的地点名词。
【解析】男士说：“我得租一间房子。”女士说：“去卡特斯试试看吧。他们通常有很多房源。”不难推断出卡特斯应该就是房产代理公司，故选A。real estate意为“房产，不动产”。
15.B
W: The art museum shop has all sorts of paints that areinexpensive and colorful.
M: Especially if you like modern art.
Q: What does the man say about the shoo?
【听前预测】
1.两项以it开头，两项以its开头。
2.三项含有与艺术有关的词汇(artists，art paints，colon)。
结论：对话可能与艺术、颜色等有关。应先辨别it所指代的对象。
【解析】女士对男士说道：“艺术馆的商店卖各种各样的颜料，色彩鲜艳而且价格不贵。”男士回答道：“尤其是如果你喜欢现代艺术的话(那就更好了)。”it指代艺术馆的商店。故选B，即“该商店的主打商品是现代艺术颜料”。
16.A
W: Can you listen for my telephone?
M: Sure, I'm planning to be here all day.
Q: What does the woman want the man to do?
【听前预测】
1.四项均以动词原形开头，可能指某人要做的事情。，
2.四项均含有her。
3.三项含有与电话有关的词汇(calls，telephone)。
结论：对话应该和接打电话有关。
【解析】女士问男士：“你能帮我听着点电话吗?”男士答道：“没问题，我一天都会在这儿。”可见女士想让男士在她不在的时候接听一下打给她的电话。故选A。
17.D
M: I don't know whether I should time my speech now or keep onrevising my notes. What do you think?
W: I'd carry on with what you are doing.
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?
【听前预测】
1.四项均以动词原形开头，可能指某人要做某事。
2.两项提及her.两项提及time。
3.两项含有与演讲有关的词汇(notes，speech)。
结论：本题可能与演讲、时间等有关。
【解析】男士说：“我不知道是该测一下我演讲的时间还是断续修改我的笔记。你觉得呢?”女士回答道：“(如果我是你的话)我会继续做你正在做的事情。”可见女士建议男士继续修改他的笔记。carry on with sth.意为“继续做某事”。故选D。
18.C
W：Would you like to go mountain—climbing withus?
M：That’s the last thing in the world I'd everwant to do.
Q：What does the man mean?
【听前预测】
1.四项均以he开头。
2.两项合有与爬山有关的词汇(climbed，climbin9，mountain)，一项提及traveled。
结论：对话可能与男士和爬山有关。
【解析】女士问男士要不要和她们一起去爬山，男士回答道：“这是整个世界上我最不愿意做的一件事了。”本题考查的是句型That's the last thing in the world I'd ever want to do。类似的句型还有：He is the
last person in the world I want to see.(他是我在世界上最不愿意见的人)故选C。
Conversation One
M: Hello.
W: Oh, hello. You must be a new student. Did you find it OK?
M: Well, I got a bit lost because I asked a stranger. But I got iteventually,
W: Oh, dear. Have you come far today?
M: Only from Brighton. I was staying with my brother.
W: Oh. Good. [19] How did you get here?
M: My brother took me to the railway station. And I got on a busat this end.
W: Aha. Well, you'd better tell me your name so I can find yourform.
M: It's Mark Bum,
W: Bum, Bum. Ah, yes. [20] Oh, you've changed since this photo. Whathappened to your beard and moustache? And not wearing glasses, either.
M: No, I thought I'd better look smarter.
W: Here is the key to your room. It's 501.
M: Thanks. How do ! get there?
W: Go to the end of this corridor, turn left and it's the thirddoor on the right,
M: "Thank you. [21] Oh, here's a meeting for new students.What time is that?
W: Half past five in the Common Room on the ground floor at theother end of the corridor.
M: Thanks a lot. Goodbye.
19. How did Mark get to his new school?
20. Which of the following about Mark has NOT changed since hispicture?
21. Where is the meeting for new students to be held?
19.C
【听前预测】
1.四项均为by…and by…结构的短语。
2.四项均包含两种交通方式，具体有train、car、plane、coach和bus。
结论：本题可能考查从某地到某地的交通方式。
【解析】当女士问男士他是如何到达学校时，男士回答道：“我哥哥送我到火车站，之后我又坐上了来这里的汽车。”可见男士是先坐火车再坐汽车。故选C。
20.B
【听前预测】四项分别为眼镜、短发、髭(鼻子与嘴之间的胡子)、须(下巴上的胡子)，都与人的外貌有关。因此需留意听男士的外貌特征。
【解析】题干问男士本人与照片相比，什么地方没有变。女士在看到男士的照片时说道：“哦，与这张照片比起来你变样子了，你的胡须呢?而且你现在也不戴眼镜了。”可见A、C和D均有变化，应选B。
21.B
【听前预测】
1.四项均为以in开头的短语。
2.四项均含有room。
结论：可能考查与地点有关的细节。
【解析】题干问新生大会将在哪里举行。当男士问起有关新生大会的事情时，女士说道：“会议将于5点半在公共礼堂举行，在一楼走廊的另一端尽头。”可见正确的地点是在the Common Room，答案为B。
Conversation Two
M: How are your new neighbors, Nancy?
W: They seem nice enough, but they have a son who's driving mecrazy.
M: What do you mean?
W: [22] He comes home every night around 10 with his car windowsrolled down and radio blaring. [23] It stops as soon as he turns the car off.But by then Brian and Lisa are wide awake.
M: Oh, no.
W: Oh, yes. Sometimes it takes us till midnight just to get themsettle down again.
M: Have you tried talking to them?
W: [24] We haven't even really met them except to say a quickhello. I hate to get off on the wrong foot.
M: You are not going to like them when you do meet them if youkeep on simmering.
W: I know, but I feel stupid complaining. It's not as though he'sblasting his stereo all night.
M: You said yourself it is driving you crazy.
W: Well, you know how early I have to get up to be here at theoffice. I'm just not getting enough sleep and neither are the kids. They're soirritable when I get home in the afternoon.
M: [25]Maybe you could go over sometime with a little gift: aplant for the yard or something. Then you could ask about their son, whetherthey have any other children and they'll he sure to ask about yours.
W: Yeah and then what?
M: Then you could mention that the hardest thing at this stage isgetting your kids to get sleep at night.
W: And keeping them in the sleep.
M: That's the idea, and you should do it soon. The longer youwait, the harder it'll be to do politely.
22. What bothers Nancy about her neighbor's son?
23. When does the noise stop?
24. Why is Nancy reluctant to speak to her neighbors about theproblem?
25. What suggestion does Nancy's friend make?
22.B
【听前预测】
1.两项以he开头，两项以his开头。
2.三项含有too，三项含有与声音大有关的词汇(wakes…up，loudly，noisy)。
结论：本题可能与某位男士制造噪音有关。
【解析】对话中女士提到，邻居家的儿子每晚10点左右才回家，并且总是开着车窗大声地播放着收音机。当他关闭汽车发动机的时候噪音会停止，但到那个时候她的两个孩子都已经被吵醒了。故选B。
23.D
【听前预测】一项以at开头，一项以in开头，两项以when开头。四项都表示时问。应留意对话中与时间有关的细节。
【解析】题干问收音机发出的噪音什么时候会停止，由上一题可知，当邻居儿子关闭汽车发动机的时候噪音会停止。故选D。
24.A
【听前预测】
1.四项均以she开头，其中两项后接is afraid，一项接doesn't want，一项接knows。
2.两项提及they。
结论：本题可能与女士不愿做某事有关系，需先辨别they的指代对象。
【解析】题干问女士为什么不愿意去找邻居谈谈她的困扰，女士在对话中说道：“我们除了匆匆打过一次招呼之外还没有真正地互相认识。而且我讨厌一开始就给人留下不好的印象。”故选A。原文中的get off on the wrong foot是习语。意为“一开始就不成功，一开头就不顺利”。
25.D
【听前预测】
1.四项均以对话中女士的名字开头(Nancy should…)。
2.四项均含有her neighbors。
结论：本题可能考查南希应该对她的邻居怎样做。
【解析】题干问南希的朋友(即对话中的男士)给她提出了怎样的建议。男士对南希的建议是：“也许你应该带上一份小礼物，比如盆栽之类的，去他们家拜访一下。然后你可以问起他们家的儿子，他们是否还有其他的孩子等等，这样他们自然也就会问起关于你的孩子的事了。”故选D。
Section B
Passage One
【听力原文】
[26] Are electric cars theway of the future? Automobile manufacturers are under pressure to develop cars thatdo not pollute. One powerful motive is a California law requiring that by theyear 2010 ten percent of new car sales in the state be so-called zero-emissionvehicles. These cars must put no pollutants whatsoever into
the atmosphere. California is a huge market for the automobilecompanies, so they are working hard to meet these standards. [27]So far theelectric car seems to be the best alternative. So the big advantage of electriccars is
that they don't pollute. However, they will be in competition withgas-powered cars and that's where the weaknesses come out. The big problem isthat the batteries that power electric cars weigh a lot relative to the amountof power they deliver. For instance, in one prototype electric car, [28] thebatteries weighed 400 kilograms. And they provide enough energy to go 250kilometers before recharging, which takes eight hours.
Compare that to a moderately fuel-efficient conventional car, itcan go 600 to 700 kilometers on a tank of gas and refilling takes just minutes.If there are other drains on an electric car's batteries besides the motor,headlights, air-conditioning or a heater, its already limited range will besignificantly reduced. So automobile engineers are trying to make more powerfulbatteries that would increase the cars' range and make them more attractive tobuyers.
26. What is the talk mainly about?
27. What is the main advantage of electric cars over gas-poweredcars?
28. What is the main drawback of the electric car?
【整体预测】
快速浏览各题选项，根据electric cars、fuel efficiency、pollution、automobile、pollute、drive、faster、go long distances、recharging、steer、engine等关键词推测，该短文与电动汽车以及其优势有关，因为选项中涉及“不会产生污染”，当然还可能与其不足或劣势有关(根据第28题的选项预测)。
26.A
【解题思路】四项均为名词短语，分别为电动汽车、提高燃料效率、加利福尼亚州的污染法规、汽车安全，相互之间的关联度不高，加之本题为该短文的第一题，因此很有可能考查短文主题。
【解析】短文开头开门见山，直入主题：“Are electric cars the way of the future?(电动车会成为未来的主流交通工具吗?)”如果听到此句时没有抓住主题，后面还有机会，因为整篇文章就是围绕electriccars的优势和劣势展开的。故选A。
27.B
【解题思路】
1.四项均为以they开头的句子，they可能指代的是电动汽车。
2.四项都涉及优势(cheaper，do not pollute，simpler，faster)。
结论：本题可能考查电动汽车的优势，需留意相关细节。
【解析】短文中提到：迄今为止电动汽车似乎是最好的替代品，它的一大优势就是不会污染环境。故选B。
28.B
【解题思路】
1.四项均为完整句子，其中三项以it开头，一项以its开头。
2.四项都涉及缺点或劣势(not comfortable，cannot go long，difficult，overheats)。
结论：本题可能考查电动汽车的缺点或劣势，需留意相关细节。
【解析】短文中提到：电动汽车的电池重400千克，充满电后可使汽车行驶250公里，充一次电需要8个小时，相比之下，一辆一般的传统耗油汽车，一箱油能行驶600到700公里，而加满油只需要几分钟。可见电动车的最大劣势就在于单次行程短而充电时间长，故选B。
Passage Two
【听力原文】
Thank you. It's great to see so many of you interested in thisseries on "Survival in the Outer Space". [29]Tonight I'm going totalk about one of the most basic aspects of survival: the space suit. When mostof you imagine astronaut, that's probably the first thing that comes to mind,right? Well, without space suit it will not be
possible for us to survive in space. For example, 30 outer spaceis a vacuum. There's no gravity or air pressure. Without protection, a bodywould explode. What's more, we cook in the sun or freeze in the shade withtemperatures ranging from a toasty 300 degrees above to a cool 300 degrees belowzero Fahrenheit. The space suit that NASA has developed is truly a marvel. 31This photo enlargement here is a life size image of an actual space suit wornby astronauts on the last space shuttle mission. This part is the torso. It ismade of seven extremely durable layers. This thick insulation protects againsttemperature extremes and radiation. Next is what they call a bladder of oxygen.That's an inflatable sack filled with oxygen to simulate atmosphere pressure.This bladder presses against the body with the same force as the earthatmosphere at sea level. The innermost layers provide liquid cooling andventilation. Despite all the layers the suit is flexible, allowing freemovement, so we can work. Another really sophisticated part of the space suitis the helmet. I brought one along to show you.
29. What's the speaker's main purpose?
30. What would cause an unprotected human body to explode in theouter space?
31. What does the speaker show the audience as she describes thedifferent parts of space suit?
29.D
【解题思路】四项均为不定式短语，均提及space。由于该题处于第一题，且选项核心动词分别为show、gain、describe、inform，因此本题很有可能是问讲话者的目的，即短文的主旨。
【解析】短文开头处提到：“欢迎收看《外太空生存》系列节目，今晚我们来谈一谈涉及太空生存的最基本因素中的其中一个：宇航服。”随后讲话者简要介绍了宇航服的功能以及其各个部分。故选D。
30.A
【解题思路】四项均为名词短语，其中三项与太空中的独特条件(air pressure，temperature，radiation)有关，可能考查宇航服的某种设计原理。
【解析】短文中提到，宇航服是太空生活所必需的，因为外太空是一个真空空间，没有任何重力和气压，如果没有防护的话，人体将会爆炸。故选A。
31.C
【解题思路】四项均为名词或名词短语，分别为一盘录像带、一本书、一幅照片、一个氧气罐。应注意短文中是否提到相应的细节。
【解析】短文后面部分提到：“这张放大版的照片是一个实物大小的宇航服照片，上一次执行太空任务的宇航员所穿的就是这套宇航服。”接着，讲话者介绍了宇航服各个组成部分。picture是对原文中photo enlargement的同义转述，故选C。
Passage Three
【听力原文】
Last week I told you about how the body uses vitamin C and foodsthat contain vitamin C, such as oranges and tomatoes. [32] Now I want todiscuss vitamin D which is important to human nutrition because it helps thebody to absorb calcium. Calcium as you know is essential for maintaining healthybones and teeth. Vitamin D deficiency an lead to serious bone diseases. E33] Soin the United States it is added to milk, a staple food in most people's diet.Vitamin D is sometimes called the sunshine vitamin. That's because the bodyrequires sunlight in order to make use of it. Here's how it works: [34] whenultraviolet rays from the sun strike the vitamin D in our skin, the sunlightconverts vitamin D to its active form and a substance called calciferol isproduced.Calciferol is what carries the calcium to our bones. [34] [35]If ourbodies are not exposed to ultraviolet rays from the sun we cannot convertvitamin D to its active form, and thus cannot make use of any of the calcium
that we have consumed in our food. Eventually we would suffer froma calcium deficiency and have weak bones.Luckily it takes only 10 to 20 minutesof exposure to sunlight a day to ensure sufficient vitamin D production.Exceptin extremely atmospheric conditions like very heavy smog or a sunless climate,most people are able to get enough exposure to the sun. Doctors recommend thatpeople who don't drink much milk take vitamin supplements and that everyonespend at least 10 minutes in the sun every day.
32. Why is vitamin D important?
33. In the United States, what is the main source of vitamin D formost people?
34. What is necessary to convert vitamin D to its active form?
35. According to the speaker what might happen to the people who stayindoors all the time?
32.C
【解题思路】
1.四项均以it开头。两项后接helps，一项接keeps，一项接prevents。
2.三项与人体健康有关，其中两项直接提及body。
结论：本题可能考查某种因素对人体健康的影响。应先辨别it的指代内容。
【解析】题干问为什么维生素D非常重要，我们可以在短文开头处找到线索。讲话者提到：“Now I want todiscuss Vitamin D which is important to human nutrition because it helps thebody to absorb calcium.(现在我要讲的是对人体健康很重要的维生素D，因为它能够帮助人体吸收钙。)”故选c。
33.B
【解题思路】四项均为食物：橙子、牛奶、西红柿、面包。本题可能问哪种食物中含有较多的维生素D，对于短文中提到的食物要多加留意。
【解析】题干问在美国什么是人们摄取维生素D的主要来源。短文中提到，在美国，维生素D被添加到牛奶这种大多数人的主要食物中。故选B。
34.B
【解题思路】四项均为名词短语，分别为：每天l0分钟的锻炼、紫外线、维生素补充剂、每天8小时的睡眠。需留意文中是否有对以上信息进行详细分析的地方。
【解析】短文中两次提到ultraviolet rays。第一次：“when ultraviolet raysfrom the sun strike the vitamin D in our skin.thesunlight converts vitamin D to its active form(当阳光中的紫外线照到我们皮肤中的维生素D的时候，阳光就将维生素D转化为其活跃形式)”;第二次：“If our bodies are not exposed toultraviolet rays from the sun we cannot convert vitamin D to its active form(如果我们的身体不与阳光中的紫外线接触的话，我们就无法将维生素D转化为其活跃形式)”。文中重复叙述的内容大都是重要内容，也往往是考点。故选B。
35.A
【解题思路】
1.三项以they开头，一项以their开头。
2.四项均含有may。
3.三项都是不好的结果：become weak、develop wrinkles、become allergic。lose weight则对一部分人来说是不好的结果。
结论：整篇短文都在谈维生素D这种营养元素，因此本题可能是问当人体缺乏这种元素时可能会有什么不好的结果。
【解析】实际问题与预测略有偏差，题干问：如果人们长期待在室内的话会怎样。文中提到：如果我们的身体不与阳光中的紫外线接触的话，我们就无法将维生素D转化为其活跃形式，也就无法利用我们从食物中所摄入的钙，最终将会导致钙缺乏和骨质疏松。故选A。根据之前的预测，我们一般会将听音重点放在不良结果上，因此即使稍有出入应该也能答对此题。
【听力原文】Section C
Women still have a complex and contradictory relationship withtheir own image according to a poll that found 25 percent of those [36]questioned would rather win the "America's Next Top Model" TV showthan the[37] Nobel Peace Prize.
And although 75 percent of women E38J surveyed said they would bewilling to [39] shave their heads to save the life of a stranger; more than a [40]quarter of those taking part admitted they would make their best friend fat forlife, if it meant they could be thin.
As for that age-old [41] dilemma of whether to marry for wealth orlooks, half of the 18- to 24-year-olds questioned said they would marry an uglyman if he were a E [42] multimillionaire.
The poll for U.S. television network Oxygen, which is [43]targeted at young women, also found that [44]88 percent of 18- to 34-year-oldwomen would happily give up their cell phone, jewelry and makeup to keep afriendship.
"This survey reveals [45] an interesting analysis of today'swoman and how she relates her personal image with what she values in herlife," said Dr. Jenn Berman, psychotherapist and judge of the upcoming newOxygen series " Pret Wicked".
"As shown in several results, [46] women today are a complexcombination of altruistic and materialistic,vain and insecure.loyal and self-serving.This survey highlights the dichotomy(对分;二分法)inall of US.”Berman said.
More than 2.000 women aged 18-34 were interviewed for thepoll.
36.question询问 40.quarter四分之一
37.Nobel诺贝尔41.dilemma窘境，进退两难的困境
38.survey调查42.multimillionaire千万富翁，富豪
39.shave刮，剃43.target瞄准，以……为目标
Part IV ReadingComprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A
【参考译文】
一项大型调查显示，英国近三分之一的女性是家中主要的经济支柱。研究人员称，现在很多人不再认为家庭中丈夫就应该比妻子赚得多，[47]尤其是在到处都在裁员的时候。女性对这个问题的态度也发生了[48]重大的转变，四成女性认为夫妻双方谁赚钱多谁就应当[49]说了算。在十分之一的家庭中，是由丈夫负责照看孩子、做[50]家务，妻子则全职工作。10%的女性坦承这种角色的[51]转换对夫妻双方的关系造成了影响，有些人则说这种角色分工甚至导致了两人的[52]分手。由《红秀》杂志委托开展的“2010年女性和职业调查”发现，近一半的全职妈妈[s3]希望能自己出去工作赚钱。在2000名受访女性中，三分之二的人说她们想要在生孩子后还能继续工作。在孩子不满三岁的女性中，[54]略多比例的人说她们希望能出去工作而不是待在家里——不过最好是兼职。《红秀》杂志的维多利亚•哈柏说：“如今的女性毕业后就业的前景不错，[55]职业晋升速度比以往更快。”这意味着如今家庭中的男女角色分工要更加[56]灵活，有了孩子以后更是如此。
【说明文：女性赚钱养家的现象日益增多】
第一至二段：在到处都在裁员的大环境下，英国近三分之一的女性已成为家中主要的经济支柱。
第三段：女性对这一现象的观念已和传统观念不同。
第四段：在十分之一的英国家庭中是男主内、女主外。
第五段：这种角色转换可能会影响到夫妻双方的关系。
第六至八段：有很大一部分的女性都希望自己即使做了妈妈也能有一份工作，但最好是兼职。
第九至十段：如今女性毕业后就业的前景比从前要好，这意味着以后的家庭分工可能更加灵活。
【答案解析】
47.I
语法判断：本句句子结构完整，空格处所填词汇应不会对句意产生较大影响，副词的可能性最大。
语义判断：此句意为：“现在很多人不再认为家庭中丈夫就应该比妻子赚得多，——是在到处都在裁员的时候。”备选项中副词只有slightly和especially，综合考虑，“especially(尤其是)”符合题意。
48.O
语法判断：空格前是in a，空格后为shift in attitudes，故应填入形容词。
语义判断：备选项中的形容词有opposite和significant。significant意为“重大的;值得注意的”，符合本处题意，故O为正确答案。
语法判断：空格前是would take，空格后为in the relationship，故应填入名词。
语义判断：“take precedence(有优先权，地位更高)”是一固定搭配，且符合本句语境，引申义即为：谁赚
钱多谁就应当“说了算”。故选A。
50.L
语法判断：空格前是does the，空格后为while，故应填入名词。
语义判断：“do the chores(做家务)”是常见搭配，且符合本句句意：“在十分之一的家庭中，是由丈夫负责照看孩子、做家务，妻子则全职工作。”
51.H
语法判断：空格前是this role，空格后为had put strains on theirrelationship。此句谓语部分已经较为完整，对主语部分的判断从语法角度无法进行。
语义判断：本句意为：“10%的女性坦承这种角色的__________对夫妻双方的关系造成了影响”。填入“reversal(颠倒，转换)”，既符合语法，也符合句意。故选H。
52.J
语法判断：空格前是led to them，空格后为company，从语法角度推断出答案具有相当难度。
语义判断：本句意为：“10%的女性坦承这种角色转换对夫妻双方的关系造成了影响，有些人则说这种角色转换甚至导致了两人的__________。”由句意可知，婚姻关系中的角色转换有可能会造成婚姻关系紧张，甚至会导致两人分道扬镳。通观余下选项可以发现，“parting company(分手，分道扬镳)”既合语法结构，又合句意。故选J。
53.M
语法判断：空格前是almost half of full.time mothers，空格后为not earning their own money，且空格前后应构成一个完整的句子，因此应填入动词。
语义判断：备选项中的动词有favored、plan和disliked，分别代入空格处可以发现填入disliked符合文意：“近一半的全职妈妈不喜欢自己不赚钱(希望能自己出去工作赚钱)。”故选M。
54.D
语法判断：空格前是a，空格后为higher number…，所填入词汇应可修饰比较级，所以应为副词。
语义判断：备选项中副词只剩下 slightly，填入它也符合本句句意：“在孩子不满三岁的女性中，略多比例的人说她们希望能出去工作而不是待在家里__________不过最好是兼职。”故选D。
55.E
语法判断：空格前是working up the career，空格后为faster than theyhave ever done，空格后的比较级从语法上判断很完整，所填入的词汇应与前文相关。
语义判断：work up the career ladder为惯用搭配，从字面来看是“在职业阶梯上向上爬”，实际即指“晋升”。本句意为：“如今的女性毕业后就业的前景不错，职业晋升速度比以往更快。”
56.N
语法判断：空格前是there has to be more，空格后为between the rolesof men and women，空格后的结构从语法上判断很完整，所填入词汇应与前文相关，应为名词。
语义判断：备选项中的名词还有：connection、prospect、plan和fluidity。本句意为：“这意味着恋爱时以及有了孩子之后，男女角色的分工要更加具有__________。”fluidity意为“灵活性”，填入此处符合句意
Section B
Passage One
(议论文：让孩子自己学习】
第一段：成该让孩子学着评价自己的工作，通过模仿和比较进行独立学习。但老师们却总是等不及孩子们自己发现问题，就指出他们的错误并帮助他们改正。
第二段：让孩子自己参照正确答案进行核对，可以培养他们独立思考的能力。
笫三段：老师应当只在孩子学习的过程中起帮助的作用。如果真的是非常必要的知识，孩子早晚会学到的。
【答案解析】
57.A
定位：根据题干信息the best way for children to learn things可将答案定位到第一段前半部分。
解析：第一段首句提出了文章的论点：“Let children learn to judge their own work.(让孩子学着评价自己的工作。)”接着举例说：“一个学说话的孩子一天到晚都在注意自己讲的话跟周围人讲的有什么不同。这样慢慢地，他就自然而然地作出改变，说话跟其他人一样了。同样，孩子学别的东西时……他们会观察那些技术更熟练的人们是怎样做的，对比之后就会作出必要的改变。”可见作者认为，小孩最好的学习方法就是模仿别人怎么做。故选A。
58.D
定位：根据题干信息learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle可将答案定位到第一段中间部分。
解析：learning to speak和learning to ride a bicycle出现在第一段。作者在说明白己观点的时候，将学说话与学习其他技能(比如走、跑、爬、吹口哨、骑车等)进行了对比。并且认为孩子学习说话和学习其他技能的基本方式是一样的，都是通过模仿然后进行自我调整。故选D。
59.A
定位：根据题干信息teachers in school should可将答案定位到第一段后半部分。
解析：第一段后半部分作者建议说：“我们总是表现得好像我们觉得他们永远不会自己发现错误，非得我们指出来让他们改正不可。很快孩子就变得依赖老师了。放手让他靠自己吧。让他自己解决问题吧，如果他想的话，可以请其他孩子帮忙……”作者直言不讳，认为应该让孩子们自己发现自己的错误，如果需要的话，也可以请其他孩子来帮助。指出学生的问题和错误，不可以也不需要老师包办。故选A。
60。B
定位：根据题干信息the teacher’s role in children’s learning可将答案定位到第二段第四句。
解析：该句提到：“我们的工作应当是在孩子找不到问题的正确答案时给予帮助。”第三段第一句也提到：“让他们用最适合自己的方式独立学习，如果他们需要，可以寻求老师的帮助。”可见，老师的作用主要是在学生的学习过程中对他们进行帮助和指导。
61.D
定位：根据题干信息title of this passage可知解答本题需通观全文。
解析：文章第一句即提到：“让孩子学着评价自己的工作。”接着，全篇文章都围绕“让孩子自己学习”这个主题展开，提到老师们总是等不及孩子们自己发现问题，就指出他们的错误并帮助他们改正，其实孩子会观察他人如何做，进行模仿，然后作出改变来使自己的行为、认知与他人更接近。故选D
Passage Two
【说明文：使用次策工作表单能帮助你更科学地作出重要决定】
第-段：指出使用决策工作表单能使决策结果“最优化”，接着介绍了使用这种表单的具体方法。
第二段：决策工作表单这种纸笔记忆的方式与大脑记忆相比，能处理更多的变量。
第三段：这种工作表单要求对问题的描述比较简浩，而且要分清短期目标和长期目标。
【答案解析】
62.C
定位：根据题干信息occursbefore the others making adecision worksheet可将答案定位到第一段中间部分。
解析：作者在介绍制作决策工作表单的步骤时第一句就提到：“工作表单需要人们将问题以清晰简洁的方式表现出来，然后列出所有可能解决问题的方案。”接下来，每种方案才被逐一分析。可见在四个选项中，C项在其他步骤之前。故选C。
63.C
定位：根据题干信息an optimal decision可将答案定位到第一段最后两句。
解析：文中提到，这种工作表单可以产生“最优化”效果，“通过将各种数值加在一起，运用数学计算的方法就可以作出一个决定。其中，综合分数最高的解决方案即为最佳选择。”可见，最好的决定必然是得分最高的选项。故选C。
64.A
定位：根据题干信息paragraph l可将答案定位到第一段。
解析：本题考查第一段的写作逻辑。作者在第一段首先提出论点，即使用决策工作表单来作决定是最佳方法之一，接着展开论述，在论述的时候，对这种工作表单的具体使用方法和操作步骤进行了介绍，重点在于描述过程。故选A。
65.B
定位：根据题干信息apencil andpaperdecision.makingprocedure可将答案定位到第二段第二句。
解析：该句提到：“用纸笔作决定的好处就是，相比一般情况下大脑可以理解和记忆的信息，纸笔记录可以使人能处理更多的变量。”后文也提到，这种借助纸和笔的工作表单在处理很多变量及其复杂关系时有很大帮助。可见，作者对于这种决策方法持支持的态度，故选B。
66.A
定位：根据题干信息the passage mainly discusses.可知解答本题需通观全文。
解析：文章首句提到：“作出重要决定的一个最佳方法就是使用决策工作表单”。接着，作者介绍了利用这种工作表单得出最优决定的方法。第二段提到借助纸笔完成的工作表单比单纯用头脑记忆更有效，能帮助分析和处理更加复杂的问题。第三段提到这种工作表单要求对问题的描述比较简洁，而且要分清短期目标和长期目标。可见，文章通篇都是在介绍这种能帮助人们分析复杂问题的决策工作表单。故选A。
Part V Cloze
【文章大意】
对于大多数年轻人来说，公民资格不是他们日常生活的一部分，因此以学校为基础的社区服务号召年轻人们参加，旨在使他们懂得作为美国公民不仅是享受权利，逐要承担责任。社区服务项目能够体现学校对于服务意识和公民资格的重视。正是一种服务社区的精神维护了每个人享受权利的自由。以学校为基础的教学项目要提供广泛的选择范围，这样才能使年轻人们从中挑选自己喜欢的服务项目。通过这样的活动，还能够将“帮助他人”的精神传递给下一代。
【答案解析】
67.C
语境分析：本空位于第一段第二句。承接首句中的many young people和本句中的school-based communityservice teaches an…可知以学校为基础的社区服务是号召年轻人参加的，结合四个选项可知本题应选C项。
词义分析：citizen“市民”;teacher“老师”;youth“年轻人”;family“家庭”。
68.D
语境分析：本空位于第一段第二句。根据上文可知本句所要表达的意思是“通过号召年轻人为他们的邻居服务，以学校为基础的社区服务教给这些年轻人的重要一课……”，teach与lesson搭配，D项符合题意。
词义分析：idea“想法”;reason“理由”;example“例子”;lesson“课程”。
69.B
语境分析：本空仍位于第一段第二句。承接前面的内容可知，空格所在的部分所要表达的内容是“作为美国人涉及的不仅仅是权利，还有责任，这是社区服务教给年轻人的重要一课。”故B项最符合题意。词义分析：require“要求”;involve“涉及”;demand“命令”;consist“组成”。
70.C
语境分析：本空位于第一段第三句。前文提到，“对于现今大多数年轻人来说，公民资格是一个抽象的概念，并不是他们日常生活的一部分。”可知，通过号召我们的年轻人帮助他们的邻居，可以使年轻人知道公民资格是和数学或者物理一样重要的要求，甚至更重要。结合四个选项可知，C项符合题意。词义分析：achievement“成就”;replacement“替代”;requirement“要求”;advancement“进步”。
71.A
语境分析：本空位于第二段第一句。本句意为“支持义务性的社区服务的要求自然也就意味着要放弃个人的权利，这是一个纯粹而简单的虚构理论”，本题应选A项。词义分析：surrender“放弃”;suspend“暂停”;survey“调查研究”;survive“生存”。
72.B
语境分析：本空位于第二段第二句。联系上下文内容可知，学校重视社区服务和公民资格，这是一种积极的表现，故B项符合题意。
词义分析：marked“显著的”;positive“积极的”;affirmative“肯定的”;negative“消极的”。
73.A
语境分析：本空位于第二段第二句。take sth.seriously为固定搭配，意为“重视……”，且符合此处语义，表示重视、认真看待社区服务和公民资格。故选A。
词义分析：take“认为”;view“看待”;see“看见”;think“思考”。
74.D
语境分析：本空位于第二段第三句。结合下文和句子结构可知本空所要表达的意思是“我的组织不会向任何人屈服”，注意到介词to的后面接的是sb.，结合四个选项可知本题应选D项。
词义分析：agree to sth.“同意某事”;fail to do sth.“做某事失败”;turn to sb.“转向某人”;yield to sb.“向某人屈服或投降”。
75.C
语境分析：本空位于第二段第三句。结合下文中的…it's freedom of speech，religion，reproductiverightsor civilrights可知这些都属于公民的权利或自由。分析四个选项可知C项符合题意。本句意为“我的组织在维护珍贵的美国权利和自由(无论是言论自由、宗教自由、生育权还是公民权)时，是不会向任何人屈服的。”
词义分析：responsibility“责任”;duty“责任，任务”;right“权利”;opinion“观点”。
76.B
语境分析：本空位于第二段第四句。结合句子结构和四个选项可知B项符合题意。句子意为“我们也同样坚信，社区精神——我们所享受的自由”。
词义分析：suspect“怀疑”;believe“相信”;assume“假设”;state“陈述”。
77.A
语境分析：本空位于第二段第四句。根据上下文意，本处所要表达的意思应是“社区精神维护着我们所享受的自由”，分析四个选项可知A项符合题意。
词义分析：sustain“维护，维持”;supplement“补充”;sumrnon“召集”;suggest“建议”。
78.C
语境分析：本空位于第三段。本句意为“以学校为基础的项目能够而且应当——社区精神，同时小心地捍卫第一修正案的保护制度”。结合四个选项可知C项符合题意。
词义分析：formulate“阐述;制定”;forge“建立”;foster“培育，促进”;forbid“禁止”。
79.B
语境分析：本空位于第四段第一句。承接第三段中的内容可知本空所要表达的意思是“为了实现这两个目标”。B项meet常与goal搭配，表示“实现目标”。
词义分析：include“包括”;meet“实现，达到”;acquire'‘获得”;arrive“到达”。
80.D
语境分析：本空位于第四段第一句。they指代上段中的programs。分析语境可知，教学项目必须有清楚的教学目的和组成部分。故D项符合题意。
词义分析：supervisory“监督的，指导的”;instructive“有益的”;tutorial“私人教师的”;educational“教学的，教育的”。
81.B
语境分析：本空位于第四段第二句。结合下文中的…so that young people aren't forced to participate in
activities that make them uncomfortable可知本句意为“学校必须提供大量的服务选择，这样年轻人才不会觉得是被迫去参加使他们不舒服的活动”。B项符合题意。
词义分析：form“形式”;option“选项”;tool“工具”;title“标题”。
82.C
语境分析：本空位于第四段第三句。承接上句，本句是说要让年轻人舒服地从事社区服务，这是基本的常识，C项符合题意。
词义分析：very“很”，副词;specially“特别地”，副词;plain“简单的，基本的”，形容词;particularly“尤其”，副词。
83.C
语境分析：本空位于第五段第一句。根据下文中的…like Hurricane Andrew可推知在安德鲁飓风灾害发生时，为社区服务的想法就曾出现过，故在目前看来，这并不是新奇而令人吃惊的想法，C项符合题意。
词义分析：anything“任何事”;everything“一切事”;nothin9“没什么”;something“某件事”。
84.D
语境分析：本空位于第五段第二句。结合句子结构可知本题是选择一个介词与response搭配。正确答案应该是D项。本句意为“只要看一看人们对于像安德鲁飓风这样的灾害热烈的、势不可挡的反应就能知道了”。
词义分析：for“为了”;about“关于”;by“通过”;to“对”。
85.B
语境分析：本空位于第五段第三句。由后文可知，该句可改写为“Trying to impart the ethic of helping others to a new generation isnothing__________.(尽力把帮助他人的道理传给下一代是没有错的。)”故B项符合题意。
词义分析：right“正确的”;wrong“错的”;difficult“困难的”;easy“简单的”。
86.A
语境分析：本空位于第五段第三句。结合语境可知，“帮助他人”这一道德品质应该是珍贵的，本题应选A项。
词义分析：valuable“珍贵的”;value.free“无价值的”;valueless“无价值的，没用的”;useful“有用的”。
Part VI Translation
87.only to find that our train had already pulled out of the station Ihad already left
【考点】结果状语的翻译，“不料”的译法。
【解析】“不料”即意外发生，尤其指不愉快的经历，应译为短语only to find…。“车已经开走了”可以直接译为had already left，也可更地道地译为had already pulled out of the station。
88.I would have accompanied you to the hospital
【考点】与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
【解析】主句表示应该做而实际上没做，应该用虚拟语气。又由于事件发生在过去。因此应该用would have done结构。“陪某人去医院”应译为accompany sb.to the hospital。
89.at the expense of/at the cost of other species
【考点】“以……为代价”的译法。
【解析】“以……为代价”应译为at the expense of或at the cost of，“牺牲”的含义已包含在其中，无需再译。“物种”为species，单复数同形。
90.about twice as much as
【考点】比较级“倍数+as+原级+as”的用法。
【解析】句首的sleepers意为“卧铺”，表示“花费大约为标准座的两倍”应是cost twiceas much as standard seats。
91.It is because she is inexperienced，she hasno expedence
【考点】强调句式。
【解析】“正是由于”强调原因，应译为it is because。“没有经验”有两种译法，既可以说beinexperienced，也可以说have no experience。
答案速查
Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C
8.make/send smoke signals
9.the name makes the place Mongolian and rejects foreign influence
10.already much better analyzed
Listening Comprehension
11.C 12.D 13.A 14.A 15.B 16.A 17.D 18.C 19.C 20.B
21.B 22.B 23.D 24.A 25.D 26.A 27.B 28.B 29.D 30.A
31.C 32.C 33.B 34.B 35.A
36.questioned 37.Nobel 38.surveyed 39.shave
40.quarter 41.dilemma 42.multimillionaire 43.targeted
44.88 percent of 18-t0 34-year-old women would happily give up theircell phone，jewelry and makeup to keep a friendship
45.an interesting analysis of today’s woman and how she relates her personal imagewith what she values in her life
46.women today are a complex combination of altruistic andmaterialistic，vain and insecure，loyal and self-serving
Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)
47.I 48.O 49.A 50.L 51.H 52.J 53.M 54.D 55.E 56.N
57.A 58.D 59.A 60.B 61.D 62.C 63.C 64.A 65.B 66.A
Cloze
67.C 68.D 69.B 70.C 71.A 72.B 73.A 74.D 75.C 76.B
77.A 78.C 79.B 80.D 81.B 82.C 83.C 84.D 85，B 86.A
Translation
87.only to find that our train had already pulled out of the station/hadalready left
88.I would have accompanied you to the hospital
89.at the expense of/at the cost of other species
90.about twice as much as
91.It is because she is inexperienced，she hasno experience
编辑推荐：
更多信息请关注读书人网（www.ReadeR8.cn）四六级频道！